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| 1 | |
You have been cooking on a stove for the last several hours. After turning off the burner, you accidentally place your hand on top of that burner as you reach for something else. What receptors will sense that hot, painful stimulus? (pp. 590-591) |
| | A) | Merkel's disks |
| | B) | free nerve endings |
| | C) | Golgi tendon organs |
| | D) | Meissner's corpuscles |
| | E) | Ruffini's corpuscles |
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| 2 | |
Which papillae do not contain taste buds? (p. 594) |
| | A) | lingual |
| | B) | circumvallate |
| | C) | filiform |
| | D) | fungiform |
| | E) | foliate |
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| 3 | |
The amino acids glutamate and aspartate activate this primary taste sensation: (pp. 595-596) |
| | A) | salty |
| | B) | sweet |
| | C) | bitter |
| | D) | umami |
| | E) | sour |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following is found in the rod but not the cone? (pp. 622-23, 625; figs. 16.32 and 16.33) |
| | A) | rhodopsin |
| | B) | photopsin |
| | C) | inner segment |
| | D) | membranous discs in the outer segment |
| | E) | cell body |
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| 5 | |
High pitched sounds will cause vibration of the basilar membrane most vigorously at the helicotrema (pp. 606-607) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 6 | |
The vitreous body fills the space behind the lens of the eye and contributes most to the globe-like appearance of the eyeball. (pp. 616-617) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 7 | |
Both the cornea and the lens are capable of refraction, but only the lens is capable of focusing light. (pp. 619-621) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 8 | |
Tonic receptors adapt slowly. Which of the following are tonic receptors? |
| | A) | smell receptors |
| | B) | proprioceptors |
| | C) | meissner's corpuscles |
| | D) | pacinian corpuscles |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following are pain receptors? |
| | A) | interoceptors |
| | B) | nociceptors |
| | C) | thermoreceptors |
| | D) | photoreceptors |
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| 10 | |
Which type of receptor responds to high-frequency vibration? |
| | A) | ruffini corpuscles |
| | B) | krause-end bulbs |
| | C) | tactile corpuscles |
| | D) | lamellated corpuscles |
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| 11 | |
Sharp, stabbing pain is perceived to be different from a dull, chronic pain because two different types of pain receptors and pain fibers exist. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 12 | |
Taste cells are epithelial cells, not neurons. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 13 | |
Women are more sensitive to odors than men are. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 14 | |
Olfactory cells are neurons, whereas taste cells are not. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 15 | |
Mitral cells and tufted cells are found in the |
| | A) | retina. |
| | B) | tongue. |
| | C) | joints. |
| | D) | olfactory bulb. |
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| 16 | |
The threshold for pain caused by loud sounds is |
| | A) | 20 to 30 dB. |
| | B) | 60 to 80 dB. |
| | C) | 80 to 100 dB. |
| | D) | 120 to 140 dB. |
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| 17 | |
The middle ear cavity is an air-filled chamber in which of the following bones of the skull? |
| | A) | sphenoid |
| | B) | temporal |
| | C) | parietal |
| | D) | zygomatic |
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| 18 | |
The function of the inner hair cells is to adjust the response of the cochlea to different frequencies and enable the outer hair cells to work with greater precision. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 19 | |
In response to a loud noise, the stapedius muscle contracts and tenses the eardrum. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 20 | |
The occipital lobe is the site of conscious perception of sound. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 21 | |
Otoliths are found in the |
| | A) | semicircular canals. |
| | B) | macula. |
| | C) | organ of corti. |
| | D) | crista. |
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| 22 | |
Which of the following is not an extrinsic muscle of the eyeball? |
| | A) | lateral rectus muscle |
| | B) | inferior oblique muscle |
| | C) | pupillary dilator muscle |
| | D) | superior rectus muscle |
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| 23 | |
The posterior chamber of the eyeball is found in between the lens and the |
| | A) | cornea. |
| | B) | ciliary body. |
| | C) | iris. |
| | D) | retina. |
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| 24 | |
The visual pigment of the rods is called rhodopsin. It consists of a protein called opsin and a vitamin ____ derivative called retinal. |
| | A) | A |
| | B) | B |
| | C) | C |
| | D) | D |
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| 25 | |
Cone cells regenerate half of their pigment in about 90 seconds, while rod cells require 5 minutes to regenerate 50% of their bleached rhodopsin. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
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| 26 | |
Because 600 rod cells converge on each bipolar cell and many bipolar cells converge on each ganglion cell, we have |
| | A) | the ability to see color in bright light. |
| | B) | a high sensitivity of rod cells in dim light. |
| | C) | rod cells that concentrate in the macula. |
| | D) | cone cells that concentrate at the periphery of the retina. |
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| 27 | |
This general class of sense receptors detects pain specifically: |
| | A) | chemoreceptors |
| | B) | thermoreceptors |
| | C) | nociceptors |
| | D) | mechanoreceptors |
| | E) | photoreceptors |
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| 28 | |
This type of encapsulated nerve endings are proprioceptors: |
| | A) | Krause end bulbs |
| | B) | lamellated corpuscles |
| | C) | Merkle discs |
| | D) | Ruffini corpuscles |
| | E) | Meissner's corpuscles |
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| 29 | |
Afferent impulses reach the somesthetic cortex from the thalamus via the: |
| | A) | medial lemniscus |
| | B) | third-order neurons |
| | C) | first-order neurons |
| | D) | putamen |
| | E) | type A fibers |
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| 30 | |
Within the CNS, the neurotransmitter most well known for transmitting pain messages specifically is: |
| | A) | substance P |
| | B) | bradykinin |
| | C) | enkephalin |
| | D) | endorphin |
| | E) | serotonin |
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| 31 | |
A person experiencing pain around the shoulders or neck may actually be having problems with their lungs or diaphragm. This "misplacement" of the pain by the conscious mind is called: |
| | A) | projection pain |
| | B) | fast pain |
| | C) | slow pain |
| | D) | referred pain |
| | E) | peritrichial pain |
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| 32 | |
Pain signals may be blocked by special neurotransmitters in the brain itself. An example of such a chemical produced during exercise is: |
| | A) | substance P |
| | B) | bradykinin |
| | C) | epinephrine |
| | D) | endorphin |
| | E) | serotonin |
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| 33 | |
People are most sensitive to this type of flavor because poisons often have this flavor: |
| | A) | bitter |
| | B) | sweet |
| | C) | sour |
| | D) | salty |
| | E) | soapy |
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| 34 | |
Sensory adaptation occurs most rapidly with this sense: |
| | A) | taste |
| | B) | hearing |
| | C) | vision |
| | D) | equilibrium |
| | E) | smell |
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| 35 | |
Which of the following is the most correct order of sound transmission? |
| | A) | tympanum > ossicles > basilar membrane > scala vestibuli |
| | B) | ossicles > tympanum > basilar membrane > scala vestibuli |
| | C) | tympanum > ossicles > scala vestibuli > basilar membrane |
| | D) | scala vestibuli > ossicles > tympanum > basilar membrane |
| | E) | tympanum > scala vestibuli > cochlear duct > ossicles |
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| 36 | |
Focusing on a nearby object requires: |
| | A) | pupillary dilation |
| | B) | accommodation |
| | C) | light adaptation |
| | D) | duplicity |
| | E) | projection |
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| 37 | |
When light strikes a rod cell: |
| | A) | glutamic acid is released |
| | B) | trans-retinal changes to cis-retinal |
| | C) | retinal reattaches to opsin |
| | D) | the sodium channels in the outer segment open |
| | E) | outer segment sodium channels close |
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