 |
| 1 | |
Which of the following is responsible for the removal of excess cholesterol from cells and the bloodstream? (pp. 990-991) |
| | A) | lipoprotein lipase |
| | B) | VLDL's |
| | C) | HDL's |
| | D) | LDL's |
| | E) | chylomicrons |
|
|
|
| 2 | |
This mineral can be found in chocolate: (p. 994, table 26.3) |
| | A) | manganese |
| | B) | magnesium |
| | C) | potassium |
| | D) | cobalt |
| | E) | sulfur |
|
|
|
| 3 | |
Of the following, which best describes the function of water in the body? (table 26.1 and pp. 986-994) |
| | A) | it is a direct source of energy for ATP production |
| | B) | it directly functions as a coenzyme |
| | C) | it supports blood volume and pressure |
| | D) | it functions in immune recognition |
| | E) | it forms the backbone of the structure of plasma membranes |
|
|
|
| 4 | |
Which of the following proteins is not part of the electron transport chain? (pp. 998-1001) |
| | A) | conenzymeQ |
| | B) | FMN |
| | C) | Iron-sulfur complexes |
| | D) | ATP-synthase |
| | E) | cytochromes |
|
|
|
| 5 | |
In order to absorb vitamins A, D, E, and K, one must consume at least 20g of fat per day in the diet. (p. 989) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 6 | |
Glucagon is the hormone that is principally active in the absorptive state. (p. 1007, table 26.8) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 7 | |
The enzymes that catalyze the Krebs cycle are located on the inner mitochondrial membrane. (pp. 997-999) |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 8 | |
Heredity, eating habits, and exercise levels determine body weight. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 9 | |
Which of the following does not describe the essential nutrients (those that the body cannot synthesize)? |
| | A) | all minerals |
| | B) | most vitamins |
| | C) | 15 of the 20 amino acids |
| | D) | 1 to 3 of the fatty acids |
|
|
|
| 10 | |
Which of the following is an example of a water-soluble fiber found in fruit that reduces blood cholesterol? |
| | A) | pectin |
| | B) | cellulose |
| | C) | hemicellulose |
| | D) | lignin |
|
|
|
| 11 | |
Which of the following is not an example of a metabolic role of dietary fat? |
| | A) | compact energy-storage substance |
| | B) | absorption of fat soluble vitamins—A, D, E, and K |
| | C) | glucose-sparing and protein-sparing effects |
| | D) | forms majority of metabolic enzymes |
|
|
|
| 12 | |
Cholesterol does not occur in foods of plant origin. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 13 | |
Which of the following lipoprotein categories contains the least total lipid and yet helps remove excess cholesterol from the body? |
| | A) | chylomicrons |
| | B) | HDLs |
| | C) | LDLs |
| | D) | VLDLs |
|
|
|
| 14 | |
Cells cannot store amino acids for later use, so when a protein molecule is to be built, all of the needed amino acids must be available or the protein cannot be made. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 15 | |
For the same amount of usable protein, it takes a larger serving of plant protein than animal protein. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 16 | |
Positive nitrogen balance tends to be associated with muscle atrophy. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 17 | |
Fat-soluble vitamins |
| | A) | dissolve freely in body fluids. |
| | B) | cannot be stored, so they seldom build up in excess. |
| | C) | are the vitamins A, D, E, and K. |
| | D) | are excreted by the kidneys. |
|
|
|
| 18 | |
The two coenzymes, NAD+ and FAD, are derived from the B vitamins niacin and thiamin. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 19 | |
When an infant's blood supply is cut off during birth, all of its organs except the brain switch to what kind of metabolism? |
| | A) | glycolysis |
| | B) | anaerobic fermentation |
| | C) | aerobic respiration |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
|
|
| 20 | |
The metabolic reactions known as the citric acid (Krebs) cycle are an example of mitochondrial membrane reactions. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 21 | |
Cardiac muscle and the brain use acetoacetic acid formed by the liver as their principal fuel. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 22 | |
Glycerol can be used for gluconeogenesis, but fatty acids cannot. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 23 | |
Which of the following terms is used to describe the removal of an amino group (NH2) from an amino acid? |
| | A) | ketoamination |
| | B) | amination |
| | C) | transamination |
| | D) | deamination |
|
|
|
| 24 | |
Following a high-protein meal, the high amino acid levels in the blood stimulate the secretion of both insulin and glucagon. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 25 | |
Which of the following does not occur during the fasting (postabsorptive) state? |
| | A) | glycogenolysis |
| | B) | betaoxidation |
| | C) | lipogenesis |
| | D) | gluconeogenesis |
|
|
|
| 26 | |
The basal metabolic rate of an average male adult is |
| | A) | 1000 kcal/day. |
| | B) | 1600 kcal/day. |
| | C) | 2000 kcal/day. |
| | D) | 2400 kcal/day. |
|
|
|
| 27 | |
Adult shell temperature is typically under 98.6 degrees F. |
| | A) | True |
| | B) | False |
|
|
|
| 28 | |
Which of the following statements about body heat is false? |
| | A) | Most body heat comes from chemical reactions. |
| | B) | Exercise greatly lowers heat generation in the muscles. |
| | C) | Our bodies cool down by giving off infrared radiation to the objects around them. |
| | D) | Sweat wets the skin surface and its evaporation carries heat away. |
|
|
|
| 29 | |
Which of the following physiological responses is not controlled by the heat-promoting center of the hypothalamus? |
| | A) | shivering thermogenesis |
| | B) | nonshivering thermogenesis |
| | C) | cutaneous vasodilation |
| | D) | breakdown of brown fat |
|
|
|
| 30 | |
This hormone reduces appetite by affecting the brain: |
| | A) | CCK |
| | B) | gastrin |
| | C) | growth hormone |
| | D) | thyroxine |
| | E) | ADH |
|
|
|
| 31 | |
This organ is most likely to be affected by hypoglycemia: |
| | A) | lungs |
| | B) | ears |
| | C) | bones |
| | D) | brain |
| | E) | kidneys |
|
|
|
| 32 | |
This type of polysaccharide limits cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein levels in the blood: |
| | A) | cellulose |
| | B) | maltose |
| | C) | pectin |
| | D) | lignin |
| | E) | all of the above |
|
|
|
| 33 | |
Which of the following is an essential fatty acid? |
| | A) | vitamin D |
| | B) | linoleic acid |
| | C) | vitamin E |
| | D) | stearic acid |
| | E) | cholesterol |
|
|
|
| 34 | |
Since cholesterol is insoluble in water, how do the tissues that need it get cholesterol? |
| | A) | bile |
| | B) | HDLs |
| | C) | VLDLs |
| | D) | chlomicrons |
| | E) | LDLs |
|
|
|
| 35 | |
Josephine wants to decrease her use of animal food as much as possible. Which piece of advice is most correct? |
| | A) | plant proteins are incomplete; eat as much meat as possible |
| | B) | avoid all animal foods; they have nothing plants can't give you |
| | C) | eat a mixture of corn and beans, and you'll be OK |
| | D) | red beans and rice plus a little cayenne: great! |
| | E) | eat one egg, some milk, legumes, and cereals every day |
|
|
|
| 36 | |
Which of the following is usually a poor source of mineral nutrients? |
| | A) | vegetables |
| | B) | milk |
| | C) | fish |
| | D) | legumes |
| | E) | cereal grains |
|
|
|
| 37 | |
This vitamin can be produced by the large intestine bacteria for human use: |
| | A) | vitamin A |
| | B) | vitamin K |
| | C) | ascorbic acid |
| | D) | thiamine |
| | E) | niacin |
|
|
|
| 38 | |
What is the final electron acceptor in aerobic respiration? |
| | A) | NAD |
| | B) | cytochrome a3 |
| | C) | water |
| | D) | oxygen |
| | E) | FMN |
|
|
|
| 39 | |
During aerobic respiration, the pyruvic acid is taken up by the _____. |
| | A) | cytoplasm |
| | B) | mitochondria |
| | C) | ribosomes |
| | D) | nucleus |
| | E) | Golgi apparatus |
|
|
|
| 40 | |
Which of the following is not a function of the liver, related to protein or amino acid metabolism? |
| | A) | transamination |
| | B) | urea formation |
| | C) | gamma globulin formation |
| | D) | deamination |
| | E) | fibrinogen synthesis |
|
|
|
| 41 | |
At rest, when air temperature is less than about 37° C, the majority of the body heat is lost by: |
| | A) | forced convection |
| | B) | evaporation |
| | C) | conduction to solids |
| | D) | conduction to air |
| | E) | radiation |
|
|
.