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1Rhythms that originate in the AV junction, the area around the AV node and the bundle of His, are referred to as:
A)atrial rhythms
B)sinus rhythms
C)junctional rhythms
D)AV heart blocks


2With rhythms that originate from the AV junction the:
A)P' always precedes the QRS complex
B)impulse travels upward and causes retrograde depolarization of the atria
C)ventricles are depolarized prematurely
D)morphology of the QRS complex will change if the P' follows the QRS complex


3All of the following are dysrhythmias that originate from the AV junction EXCEPT:
A)accelerated junctional rhythm
B)junctional escape rhythm
C)premature junctional complexes
D)wandering atrial pacemaker


4Which of the following dysrhythmias is irregular?
A)sinus rhythm with PJCs
B)junctional tachycardia
C)accelerated junctional rhythm
D)junctional escape rhythm


5Premature junctional complexes (PJCs):
A)are followed by a compensatory pause
B)do not interrupt the regularity of the rhythm
C)may have an inverted P' wave preceding the QRS complex
D)have a wide QRS complex


6With junctional trigeminy every _____ beat is a PJC.
A)other
B)third
C)fourth
D)fifth


7With junctional rhythms P' waves may be absent because:
A)the impulse arises from below the AV junction
B)there is a delay in conduction to the atria
C)the ventricles depolarize before the atria
D)they are buried in the QRS complex


8Junctional escape rhythm has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)40 to 60
B)less than 60
C)60 to 100
D)100 to 160


9With junctional escape rhythm:
A)the P' waves continually change in appearance
B)the QRS complexes are abnormally wide
C)the P'R intervals are greater than 0.12 seconds in duration
D)there is a regular rhythm


10Junctional escape rhythm may be caused by:
A)increased vagal tone on the SA node
B)sick sinus syndrome
C)digitalis toxicity
D)all of the above


11Accelerated junctional rhythm has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)less than 60
B)40 to 80
C)60 to 100
D)100 to 160


12With accelerated junctional rhythm:
A)there is a regular rhythm
B)the QRS complexes are abnormally wide
C)not all P' waves are followed by a QRS complex
D)the P' waves are upright and round


13Junctional tachycardia has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)150 to 250
B)60 to 100
C)250 to 350
D)100 to 180


14With junctional tachycardia:
A)the PR intervals are not measurable if the P' wave precedes the QRS complex
B)the QRS complexes are narrow
C)the P waves are absent, instead there are "F" waves
D)the PR intervals are longer than normal


15You are assessing the ECG of a patient who is not feeling well. You see a regular rhythm with heart rate of 43 beats per minute and each inverted P' wave is followed by a narrow QRS complex. The P'R intervals are 0.08 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is:
A)sinus bradycardia
B)junctional tachycardia
C)accelerated junctional rhythm
D)junctional escape rhythm


16You are assessing the ECG of a patient who is dizzy and nauseous. You see a regular rhythm with a heart rate of 176 beats per minute. There are no P waves and the QRS complexes are narrow. The PR intervals are absent. This dysrhythmia is:
A)atrial fibrillation
B)accelerated junctional rhythm
C)junctional tachycardia
D)junctional escape rhythm


17Your 72 year-old patient is suffering from a variety of medical conditions. You attach her to an ECG and see a regular rhythm that has a heart rate of 84 beats per minute. There is an inverted P' waves that follows each normal looking QRS complex. The duration of the RP' intervals are 0.18 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is:
A)accelerated junctional rhythm
B)junctional tachycardia
C)junctional escape rhythm
D)multifocal atrial tachycardia


18You are assessing the ECG of a 49-year old patient who is says he feels his heart is skipping beats. You see a rhythm that has patterned irregularity with an early beat that is seen every fourth beat. The heart rate is 70 beats per minute. With the underlying rhythm each upright, normal P wave is followed by a normal QRS complex. The PR intervals are 0.14 seconds in duration. The early beats have a narrow QRS complex that is preceded by an inverted P' wave. This dysrhythmia is:
A)atrial fibrillation
B)sinus rhythm with quadrigeminal PJCs
C)sinus dysrhythmia
D)sinus rhythm with trigeminal PACs


19Retrograde depolarization means there is forward depolarization of the atria.
A)True
B)False


20The normal firing rate of the AV junction is 40 to 60 beats per minute.
A)True
B)False


21AV junctional rhythms originate from the AV junctional tissue and may produce an inverted P wave that precedes each QRS complex.
A)True
B)False


22Accelerated junctional rhythm is due to increased automaticity or irritability of the AV junction.
A)True
B)False


23The pause that follows a premature junctional beat is called a compensatory pause.
A)True
B)False


24If every 2nd beat in a rhythm is a PJC, it is called trigeminal PJCs or junctional trigeminy.
A)True
B)False


25Decreased cardiac output can result from junctional escape rhythm which has a slower rate.
A)True
B)False





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