Chapter Quiz (See related pages) 1 Depolarization and repolarization of the cardiac cells produce many small electrical currents or impulses that vary in intensity and direction. These currents are called: A) electrical axis B) mean vector C) instantaneous vectors D) electrical waveforms 2 The mean or average of all the instantaneous vectors the ECG detects is called the: A) electrical axis B) mean vector C) instantaneous magnitude D) electrical waveform 3 The direction of the mean vector is called the: A) electrical axis B) mean axis C) instantaneous vector D) electrical waveform voltage 4 Axis is defined in the: A) horizontal plane only B) frontal and horizontal planes C) frontal plane only D) vertical plane 5 When the electrical current traveling through the heart is moving toward a positive electrode the ECG machine records it as a/an: A) upright waveform B) downward deflection C) biphasic deflection D) flat line 6 The mean of all vectors that result from ventricular depolarization is called the: A) ST axis B) P axis C) T vector D) QRS axis 7 Why does completion of right ventricular depolarization occur first? A) Because the thinner wall of the right ventricle transmits the impulse in a fraction of the time it takes the impulse to travel through the thick lateral wall of the left ventricle. B) There are more conduction system fibers in the right ventricle than there are in the left ventricle. C) The right ventricle is closer to the AV node making it a more direct pathway for the impulse to travel downward into the ventricle. D) The right ventricle fills with less blood making it easier for the impulse to travel through the muscle. 8 The mean QRS axis points more: A) downward and to the patient's left side B) upward and to the patient's right side C) toward the patient's right side D) upward and to the patient's left side 9 The _____ method is an easy way to assess the mean QRS axis. A) triaxial reference system B) hexaxial reference system C) three standard limb leads method D) four-quadrant method 10 The method identified in question 9 uses an imaginary _______ drawn over the patient's chest. A) triangle B) square C) oval D) circle 11 With the method identified in question 9 the circle represents the ________ plane. A) horizontal B) frontal C) posterior D) vertical 12 With the method identified in question 9 the center of the circle is the: A) SA node B) AV node C) Purkinje fibers D) atria 13 The method identified in question 9 uses which two leads to quickly determine whether the mean QRS axis of an ECG is normal? A) Leads I and aVF B) Leads II and aVR C) V1 and V6 D) Leads III and V3 14 With the method identified in question 9 the circle is divided into a ______ half and a ______half and a right and left half. A) top, bottom B) anterior, posterior C) vertical, horizontal D) front, back 15 Lead ___ starts at +0 degrees and is located at the three o'clock position. A) I B) II C) aVR D) aVF 16 Lead ___ starts at +90 degrees and is located at the six o'clock position. A) I B) II C) aVR D) aVF 17 If the QRS complex is positive in leads I and aVF: A) there is the right axis deviation B) the QRS axis is normal C) there is left axis deviation D) there is extreme right axis deviation 18 If the QRS complex is positive in lead I but negative in aVF: A) there is the right axis deviation B) the QRS axis is normal C) there is left axis deviation D) there is extreme right axis deviation 19 If the QRS complex is negative in lead I but positive in aVF: A) there is the right axis deviation B) the QRS axis is normal C) there is left axis deviation D) there is extreme right axis deviation 20 If the QRS complex is negative in both lead I and aVF: A) there is the right axis deviation B) the QRS axis is normal C) there is left axis deviation D) there is extreme right axis deviation 21 The 12-lead ECG records twelve different views of the heart's electrical activity. A) True B) False 22 Changes in the size or condition of the heart muscle and/or conduction system affect how electrical impulses are conducted through the tissue and subsequently the appearance of the ECG waveforms. A) True B) False 23 The heart's electrical axis provides little useful information about the movement of electrical impulses through the heart. A) True B) False 24 The precordial leads provide information about the frontal plane and are used to determine the position of the mean QRS axis. A) True B) False 25 In tall, slender individuals the heart may be rotated toward the patient's left side causing the mean QRS axis to shift toward the left. This is referred to as a vertical heart. A) True B) False 26 Enlargement or hypertrophy of one or both of the heart's chambers causes the axis to shift. A) True B) False
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