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1The QT interval:
A)is usually between 0.20 and 0.36 seconds
B)represents the time needed for ventricular depolarization and repolarization
C)extends from the end of the QRS complex to the beginning of the T wave
D)duration is the same regardless of age, sex, and heart rate


2You are assessing an ECG tracing when you note the presence of a prolonged QT interval. What is its significance?
A)It indicates shortened ventricular repolarization.
B)It means the relative refractory period is shorter.
C)In certain conditions such as myocardial ischemia or infarction, it can predispose the patient to life-threatening ventricular dysrhythmias such as torsades de pointes.
D)It indicates the presence of hypercalcemia or digoxin toxicity.


3All of the following are dysrhythmias that originate from the sinus node EXCEPT:
A)sinus bradycardia
B)sinus tachycardia
C)sinus arrest
D)normal sinus rhythm


4Normal sinus rhythm
A)has a heart rate of 60 to 100 beats per minute
B)is a regular rhythm with a normal P wave preceding each normal QRS complex
C)has QRS complexes which is each followed by a normal T wave
D)all of the above


5Which of the following dysrhythmias is irregular?
A)sinus bradycardia
B)sinus tachycardia
C)sinus dysrhythmia
D)b & c


6Sinus bradycardia has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)40 to 60
B)less than 60
C)20 to 40
D)100 to 160


7With sinus bradycardia:
A)the P waves are inverted
B)the QRS complexes are abnormally wide
C)each P wave is followed by a QRS complex
D)there is an occasionally irregular rhythm


8Sinus bradycardia may be caused by:
A)increased vagal tone
B)sympathomimetic drugs such as epinephrine
C)increased sympathetic stimulation
D)caffeine use


9Sinus tachycardia has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)150 to 250
B)less than 60
C)100 to 250
D)100 to 160


10With sinus tachycardia:
A)there is a regular rhythm
B)the QRS complexes are abnormally wide
C)not all P waves are followed by a QRS complex
D)the P waves are hidden in the T wave of the preceding beat


11Sinus dysrhythmia typically has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)150 to 250
B)60 to 100
C)100 to 250
D)100 to 160


12Sinus dysrhythmia has a/an ______ irregular rhythm.
A)patterned
B)occasionally
C)slightly
D)totally


13With sinus dysrhythmia:
A)there are upright P waves
B)the QRS complexes are narrow
C)all P waves are followed by a QRS complex
D)all of the above


14Sinus arrest typically has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute.
A)60 to 100
B)100 to 160
C)20 to 40
D)100 to 250


15With sinus arrest:
A)there inverted P waves
B)the QRS complexes are wider than normal
C)all P waves are followed by a QRS complex
D)the rhythm is totally irregular


16You are assessing the ECG of a patient who is complaining of chest pain and shortness of breath. You see a regular rhythm with heart rate of 134 beats per minute and each upright, round P wave is followed by a normal QRS complex. The PR intervals are 0.16 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is:
A)sinus bradycardia
B)sinus dysrhythmia
C)sinus tachycardia
D)sinus arrest


17You are assessing the ECG of a person who is receiving a physical for employment. You see a rhythm that seems to speed up and slow down in a cyclical pattern with heart rate of 60 beats per minute. Each upright, round P wave is followed by a normal QRS complex. The PR intervals are 0.12 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is:
A)sinus dysrhythmia
B)sinus bradycardia
C)sinus tachycardia
D)sinus arrest


18You are assessing the ECG of a patient who has been having periods of lightheadedness. You see rhythm that seems to occasionally pause and then the rhythm resumes. The heart rate is 64 beats per minute and each upright, slightly wide P wave is followed by a normal QRS complex. The PR intervals are 0.18 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is:
A)sinus bradycardia
B)sinus dysrhythmia
C)sinus tachycardia
D)sinus arrest


19A shortened QT interval can be caused by hypercalcemia or digoxin toxicity.
A)True
B)False


20Sinus rhythms originate from the SA node and produce a normal P wave that precedes each QRS complex.
A)True
B)False


21With sinus bradycardia the R-R intervals and P-P intervals are shorter.
A)True
B)False


22The most prominent characteristic of sinus arrest is a pause in the ECG rhythm producing an irregularity in the rhythm.
A)True
B)False


23Sinus arrest occurs when the AV node transiently stops firing,
A)True
B)False


24Sinus bradycardia typically results in decreased cardiac output and for this reason it is almost always treated with medications that speed the heart.
A)True
B)False


25With sinus dysrhythmia the heart rate increases during inspiration and decreases during expiration.
A)True
B)False





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