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| 1 | The atrial "kick:" |
 | A) | occurs concurrently with ventricular contraction |
| B) | is described as when the atria contract due to ectopic stimulation |
| C) | normally supplies the ventricles with about 30% of their blood |
| D) | is unaffected by dysrhythmias that originate from the atria |
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| 2 | Which of the following is true regarding reentry? |
| A) | It is a problem with impulse conduction. |
| B) | Is known as afterdepolarization and can precipitate atrial or ventricular tachycardia. |
| C) | It is most commonly caused by ischemia; hypoxia; and atrial stretching or dilation, mitral valve disease, or increased pulmonary artery pressures |
| D) | It is a disorder of impulse formation. |
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| 3 | All of the following are dysrhythmias that originate from the atria EXCEPT: |
| A) | accelerated junctional rhythm |
| B) | atrial tachycardia |
| C) | premature atrial complexes |
| D) | wandering atrial pacemaker |
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| 4 | Premature atrial complexes (PACs): |
| A) | are followed by a compensatory pause |
| B) | interrupt the regularity of the rhythm |
| C) | are preceded by an inverted P' wave if ectopic beat arises from the upper- or middle-right atrium |
| D) | have a longer than P'R interval if the arises from the lower right atrium or in the upper part of the AV junction |
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| 5 | Which of the following dysrhythmias is regular? |
| A) | atrial tachycardia |
| B) | multifocal atrial tachycardia |
| C) | wandering atrial pacemaker |
| D) | atrial fibrillation |
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| 6 | Wandering atrial pacemaker typically has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute. |
| A) | 40 to 60 |
| B) | less than 60 |
| C) | 60 to 100 |
| D) | 100 to 160 |
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| 7 | With wandering atrial pacemaker: |
| A) | the P' waves continually change in appearance |
| B) | the QRS complexes are abnormally wide |
| C) | the P'R intervals are constant in duration |
| D) | there is an occasionally irregular rhythm |
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| 8 | Wandering atrial pacemaker may be caused by: |
| A) | the inhibitory vagal effect of respiration on the SA node and AV junction |
| B) | Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome |
| C) | increased sympathetic stimulation |
| D) | anxiety, fatigue, or fever |
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| 9 | Atrial tachycardia has a heart rate of _____ beats per minute. |
| A) | 100 to 180 |
| B) | 150 to 250 |
| C) | 100 to 250 |
| D) | 100 to 160 |
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| 10 | With atrial tachycardia: |
| A) | there is a regular rhythm |
| B) | the QRS complexes are abnormally wide |
| C) | not all P' waves are followed by a QRS complex |
| D) | the P' waves are easily identifiable |
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| 11 | Atrial flutter has an atrial rate of _____ beats per minute. |
| A) | 150 to 250 |
| B) | 60 to 100 |
| C) | 250 to 350 |
| D) | greater than 350 |
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| 12 | With atrial flutter: |
| A) | the PR intervals are not measurable |
| B) | the QRS complexes are narrow |
| C) | the P waves are absent, instead there are "F" waves |
| D) | all of the above |
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| 13 | Atrial fibrillation has a/an ______ irregular rhythm. |
| A) | patterned |
| B) | occasionally |
| C) | slightly |
| D) | totally |
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| 14 | Atrial fibrillation has an atrial rate of _____ beats per minute. |
| A) | 250 to 350 |
| B) | 100 to 160 |
| C) | greater than 350 |
| D) | 100 to 250 |
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| 15 | With atrial fibrillation: |
| A) | there is an absence of discernable P waves |
| B) | the QRS complexes are wider than normal |
| C) | all P waves are followed by a QRS complex |
| D) | the PR intervals are greater than 0.20 seconds in duration |
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| 16 | You are assessing the ECG of a patient who is short of breath. You see a regular rhythm with heart rate of 184 beats per minute and each upright, pointed P' wave is followed by a narrow QRS complex. The P'R intervals are 0.12 seconds in duration. This dysrhythmia is: |
| A) | atrial flutter |
| B) | atrial tachycardia |
| C) | multifocal atrial tachycardia |
| D) | wandering atrial pacemaker |
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| 17 | You are assessing the ECG of a 55 year-old male who fell off his bike while riding in the park. You see a slightly irregular rhythm that has a heart rate of 70 beats per minute. The P' waves, which appear different from one another, are each followed by a normal QRS complex. The duration of the PR intervals seems to vary. This dysrhythmia is: |
| A) | wandering atrial pacemaker |
| B) | atrial fibrillation |
| C) | sinus rhythm with PACs |
| D) | multifocal atrial tachycardia |
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| 18 | You are assessing the ECG of a patient who is complaining of chest palpitations. You see a rhythm that has patterned irregularity with an early beat that is seen every other beat. The heart rate is 80 beats per minute. With the underlying rhythm each upright, normal P wave is followed by a normal QRS complex. The PR intervals are 0.18 seconds in duration. The early beats have a narrow QRS complex that is preceded by a P' wave that differs in appearance from the underlying rhythm. This dysrhythmia is: |
| A) | atrial fibrillation |
| B) | wandering atrial pacemaker |
| C) | sinus dysrhythmia |
| D) | sinus rhythm with bigeminal PACs |
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| 19 | The three mechanisms believed to be responsible for atrial dysrhythmias are increased automaticity, triggered activity, and reentry. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 20 | In triggered activity the atrial cells spontaneously depolarize and initiate impulses before the SA node has a chance to generate a normal impulse. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 21 | Atrial rhythms originate from the AV junctional tissue and produce an inverted P wave that precedes each QRS complex. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 22 | At least five different P' wave configurations (seen in the same lead) are needed to diagnose a dysrhythmia as wandering atrial pacemaker. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 23 | The pause that follows a premature atrial beat is called a compensatory pause. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 24 | If every third beat in a rhythm is a PAC, it is called trigeminal PACs or atrial trigeminy. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |
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| 25 | With atrial flutter, slower ventricular rates (fewer than 40 beats per minute) or faster ventricular rates (greater than 150 beats per minute) can seriously compromise cardiac output. |
| A) | True |
| B) | False |