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1 | |
The landmass known as Beringia |
| | A) | stretched from Siberia to the Canadian Yukon |
| | B) | was formed when sea levels were at least 50m below those of today |
| | C) | may have provided a route for the initial settlement of the Americas |
| | D) | all of the above |
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2 | |
Pollen data suggest that Beringia |
| | A) | was a dry, windswept terrain |
| | B) | was home of a dense concentration of land mammals |
| | C) | could have supported a large human hunter-gatherer population |
| | D) | all of the above |
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3 | |
A major cause of global climatic changes at the end of the Pleistocene was |
| | A) | extinction of many mammal species |
| | B) | rising sea levels |
| | C) | changes in earth-sun geometry |
| | D) | all of the above |
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4 | |
The Nenana Complex is |
| | A) | a toolkit that was used by hunter-gatherers in the Great Plains |
| | B) | a toolkit that was used by early hunters in Alaska |
| | C) | a toolkit that was used by late Pleistocene hunter-gatherers in Siberia |
| | D) | a toolkit that was used by early hunter-gatherers in South America |
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5 | |
The earliest well-dated archaeological site in the Americas south of Beringia is |
| | A) | Clovis |
| | B) | Folsom |
| | C) | Monte Verde |
| | D) | Murray Springs |
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6 | |
The Denali Complex |
| | A) | is an industry based on microblades |
| | B) | first appears in Alaska about 10,700 B.P. |
| | C) | resembles Late Pleistocene industries from Siberia |
| | D) | all of the above |
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7 | |
The ice sheets in North America |
| | A) | melted about 500 years later than the glaciers in Europe |
| | B) | melted about 500 years earlier than the glaciers in Europe |
| | C) | began to retreat about 20,000 years ago |
| | D) | had completely disappeared by 11,000 B.P. |
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8 | |
Clovis points were first discovered at the site of |
| | A) | Murray Springs |
| | B) | Colby |
| | C) | Blackwater Draw |
| | D) | Lehner |
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9 | |
Unlike the earlier Nanana Complex in Alaska, Clovis sites are characterized by |
| | A) | side scrapers and end scrapers |
| | B) | fluted points |
| | C) | wedges |
| | D) | gravers |
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10 | |
Which of the following sites provides evidence of mammoth hunting by Clovis hunters? |
| | A) | Lehner |
| | B) | Colby |
| | C) | Murray Springs |
| | D) | all of the above |
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11 | |
The Pleistocene Overkill Hypothesis suggests that |
| | A) | climatic changes played a major role in the extinction of the mammoths |
| | B) | humans played no role in the extinction of large Australian marsupials |
| | C) | Humans played a major role in the extinction of many mammal species in Australia and the Americas |
| | D) | far more extinctions took place in Africa than in North America |
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12 | |
A major argument against the Overkill Hypothesis is |
| | A) | that humans never hunted mammoths and mastodonts |
| | B) | that there were far more extinctions in Africa and Eurasia than there were in Australia and North America |
| | C) | that of all the North American species that became extinct between 12,000 and 10,000 years ago, humans hunted only the mammoth and mastodont |
| | D) | that late Pleistocene humans did not have the technological skills to hunt large mammals |
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13 | |
The archaeological evidence from the Murray springs site in southern Arizona suggests that |
| | A) | both human hunting and climatic changes may have played a role in the extinction of the mammoths |
| | B) | only human hunting played a role in the extinction of the mammoth in North America |
| | C) | only climatic changes played a role in the extinction of the North American mammoth |
| | D) | none of the above |
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14 | |
As an alternative to the Pleistocene Overkill Hypothesis, Dale Guthrie has suggested that |
| | A) | warmer temperatures at the end of the Ice Age would have led to large mammal extinctions |
| | B) | warmer summers and colder winters may have led to changes in vegetation communities that affected animals who relied on a diverse plant diet |
| | C) | retreating ice sheets caused flooding that may have led to the extinction of large mammals |
| | D) | all of the above |
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15 | |
The Kimmswick site in Missouri provides archaeological evidence for |
| | A) | mastodont hunting |
| | B) | mammoth hunting |
| | C) | a quarry for high quality jasper |
| | D) | a settlement site with year-round occupation |
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16 | |
The Folsom site is important because |
| | A) | it shows that late Pleistocene hunter hunted mammoths |
| | B) | it was the first site to show that Native Americans occupied North America at the same time as late Pleistocene fauna |
| | C) | it shows that late Pleistocene hunters traveled great distances to obtain tool stone |
| | D) | all of the above |
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17 | |
The term Paleoindian is applied to |
| | A) | the Clovis Complex |
| | B) | the Nenana Complex |
| | C) | the Folsom Complex |
| | D) | all of the above |
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18 | |
The Monte Verde site is important because |
| | A) | it disproves the Clovis-first model for the settlement of the Americas |
| | B) | it suggests that the New World was settled by trans-Pacific seafarers |
| | C) | it shows that the pre-Clovis settlers of South America relied almost entirely on big-game hunting |
| | D) | all of the above |
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19 | |
The Quebrada sites in Peru |
| | A) | are broadly contemporary with the Clovis and Folsom sites in North America |
| | B) | show that early coastal populations in South America relied on Marine resources, such as fish and seabirds |
| | C) | suggest that early settlers may have used a coastal route to enter the Americas |
| | D) | all of the above |
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