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1 | |
The earliest chipped stone tools |
| | A) | appear about 1.8 million years ago at Olduvai Gorge |
| | B) | Appear about 6 million years ago with the earliest hominins |
| | C) | Appear about 2.6 million years ago |
| | D) | were made by Australopithecus afaranesis |
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2 | |
While of the following species use tools? |
| | A) | modern humans only |
| | B) | modern and ancient humans |
| | C) | humans and chimps |
| | D) | humans, chimps and orangutans |
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3 | |
The earliest sone tools discovered to date come from the site of |
| | A) | Gona in Ethiopia |
| | B) | Olduvai Gorge in Tanzania |
| | C) | Koobi fora in Kenya |
| | D) | all of the above sites |
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4 | |
The Oldowan industry includes |
| | A) | flakes |
| | B) | choppers and chopping tools |
| | C) | scrapers and discoids |
| | D) | all of the above |
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5 | |
Another names for core and flake industries such as the Oldowan is |
| | A) | Koobiforan |
| | B) | Mode I |
| | C) | direct percussion |
| | D) | conchoidal fracture |
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6 | |
Stones that are commonly used for stone tool manufacture include |
| | A) | flint and chert |
| | B) | limestones and sandstones |
| | C) | granites |
| | D) | calcite and felspar |
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7 | |
Stone flakes generally |
| | A) | are made of soft materials |
| | B) | are made from materials with well-defined planes of cleavage |
| | C) | include a bulb of percussion and conchoidal fracture |
| | D) | are found with human fossils and butchered animal bones |
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8 | |
Early archaeological sites, such as DKI at Olduvai, generally include |
| | A) | stone tools and butchered animal bones |
| | B) | artifacts and ecofacts |
| | C) | stone flakes and cores |
| | D) | all of the above |
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9 | |
The food-sharing hypothesis |
| | A) | suggests that early humans carried meat and other foodstuffs to home bases |
| | B) | suggests that early humans controlled fire |
| | C) | suggests that early humans were vegetarians |
| | D) | suggests that early humans behaved like chimps |
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10 | |
Lewis Binford |
| | A) | agreed with Mary Leakey's interpretation of Olduvai Gorge |
| | B) | thought that early humans at Olduvai were hunters |
| | C) | argued that the Olduvai hominins were scavengers |
| | D) | all of the above |
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11 | |
The study of the processes by which bones and artifacts finally become incorporated into archaeological sites is known as |
| | A) | Paleolithic archaeology |
| | B) | taphonomy |
| | C) | direct historical analogy |
| | D) | zooarchaeology |
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12 | |
Which of the following marks have been found on animal bones from Olduvai? |
| | A) | percussion marks |
| | B) | cut marks |
| | C) | carnivore tooth marks |
| | D) | all of the above |
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13 | |
When stone tools marks overlie carnivore tooth marks on an archaeological animal bone, this means that |
| | A) | humans must have hunted the animal |
| | B) | humans may have scavenging meat from a carnivore kill |
| | C) | stone tools are ineffective in removing meat from bones |
| | D) | early humans must have used spears |
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14 | |
The term "power scavenging" suggests that |
| | A) | humans obtained bones that were largely stripped of meat |
| | B) | humans scavenged only from leopard kills |
| | C) | humans were aggressive scavengers who drove other animals from kill sites |
| | D) | all of the above |
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15 | |
Mary Leakey interpreted the circle of stone at the DKI as a shelter |
| | A) | based on an analogy with the modern Okombambi people of Namibia |
| | B) | based on the distribution of animal bones at the site |
| | C) | based on Binford's work |
| | D) | all of the above |
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16 | |
Which of the following statements is true of Homo habilis at Olduvai Gorge? |
| | A) | Homo habilis used fire for protection |
| | B) | Homo habilis hunted large game such as elephants and giraffes |
| | C) | Homo habilis lived in family groups that included one male, one female, and their offspring |
| | D) | None of the above |
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17 | |
The stone cache hypothesis was proposed by |
| | A) | Richard Potts |
| | B) | Glynn Isaac |
| | C) | Mary Leakey |
| | D) | Lewis Binford |
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18 | |
The stone cache hypothesis suggests that |
| | A) | early hominins were scavengers |
| | B) | hominins cached tools at various locations across the landscape |
| | C) | early hominins were capable of planning and foresight |
| | D) | all of the above |
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19 | |
Which of the following hominins made and used stone tools |
| | A) | Homo habilis, Homo rudolfensis, and Australopithecus garhi |
| | B) | Homo habilis only |
| | C) | Homo habilis, Homo rudolfensis, and Australopithecus afarensis |
| | D) | Homo rudolfensis only |
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20 | |
Modern ecological studies indicate that |
| | A) | early humans could not have been scavengers |
| | B) | early humans could have scavenged carnivore kills, including animals stored in trees by leopards |
| | C) | early humans could not have been bipedal |
| | D) | early humans used fire to hunt animals |
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