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| 1 | |
The term ____________ refers to the sum total of all of the ways of acting, thinking, and feeling that are typical for a person and make that person different from all other individuals. |
| | A) | trait |
| | B) | individuality |
| | C) | uniqueness |
| | D) | personality |
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| 2 | |
Emma is kind, helpful, and intelligent. In terms of the subfield of Personality Psychology, we are technically describing Emma's |
| | A) | traits. |
| | B) | values. |
| | C) | demeanor. |
| | D) | humanity. |
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| 3 | |
Edie is a worried, high-strung, insecure woman. She is usually nervous and self-conscious. Using the Five-Factor Model, what can be said about Edie's personality traits? |
| | A) | She is low in agreeableness. |
| | B) | She is high in neuroticism. |
| | C) | She is high in extraversion. |
| | D) | She is low in neuroticism. |
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| 4 | |
Cross-cultural research findings would suggest that which of the following is most likely to be characterized as friendly and motivated to work hard to meet goals set by her parents? |
| | A) | Cora Jean, whose New England family traces its roots back to Pilgrim ancestors who came to America on the Mayflower. |
| | B) | Inge, who came to the United States as a college student from a small town in northern Sweden. |
| | C) | Farida, who is from a Gujarati Brahmin family in India. |
| | D) | Deborah, whose Eastern European grandparents settled in San Francisco. |
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| 5 | |
Freud attributed Bertha Pappenheim's mysterious symptoms to |
| | A) | her socially unacceptable desire to develop a relationship with her married physician, Josef Breuer. |
| | B) | sexual desires toward her father. |
| | C) | a sense of feeling overwhelmed by caring for her ailing father for so long. |
| | D) | a need for attention. |
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| 6 | |
According to Freud, the ego operates according to |
| | A) | displacement. |
| | B) | the pleasure principle. |
| | C) | primary process thinking. |
| | D) | the reality principle. |
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| 7 | |
Sam is two and a half years old. He runs into the kitchen to get his mother and proudly shows her how he went to the bathroom all by himself. Sam is successfully moving through which stage of psychosexual development? |
| | A) | phallic |
| | B) | Oedipal |
| | C) | anal |
| | D) | oral |
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| 8 | |
Ted and Jeffrey are impulsive and lack genuine feeling for others. They also exhibit egocentric selfishness. According to Freud, they have which type of personality? |
| | A) | phallic |
| | B) | anal retentive |
| | C) | anal expulsive |
| | D) | oral aggressive |
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| 9 | |
Karen Horney not only believed that Freud placed too much emphasis on sexual conflicts, she also believed that |
| | A) | the primary struggle in personality development is the effort to overcome feelings of inferiority in social relationships. |
| | B) | Freud took a one-sided negative view of the human condition. |
| | C) | conflicts develop as the result of inadequate child-rearing experiences. |
| | D) | humans possess both a personal unconscious and a collective unconscious. |
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| 10 | |
According to _________________ theorists, the key concepts in the study of personality are classical conditioning, operant conditioning, and modeling. |
| | A) | psychoanalytic |
| | B) | social learning |
| | C) | behavioral |
| | D) | humanistic |
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| 11 | |
Xander sees Buffy yelling at Angel and decides she must be upset, so he approaches her and says, "It looks like you're having a rough day." Appreciating the fact that her feelings have been acknowledged, Buffy sighs, smiles, and says, "Yes. Thanks for noticing." She now feels much better and Xander feels happy when he sees her smile. This example illustrates |
| | A) | Bandura's notion of reciprocal determination. |
| | B) | the Five-Factor trait of agreeableness. |
| | C) | Bem's person x situation interactionism. |
| | D) | Jung's notion of the collective unconscious. |
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| 12 | |
Which of these is often referred to as "the third force in psychology"? |
| | A) | psychoanalytic theory |
| | B) | humanistic theory |
| | C) | behaviorism |
| | D) | self-actualization |
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| 13 | |
Which situation is LEAST likely to create psychological problems? |
| | A) | Kenny sees himself as worthwhile if he behaves as he believes he should behave. |
| | B) | Kerry sees herself much more positively than others see her. |
| | C) | Jerry sees his "self" as very similar to his "ideal self." |
| | D) | Jenny sees her "self" as very different from her "ideal self." |
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| 14 | |
Susan volunteers at a local homeless shelter. She is open and honest and has the courage to act on her convictions even when others criticize her for her strong sense of social conscience. Despite having an accurate view of people and life, she is positive about life and always finds new challenges that keep her life exciting. In Maslow's terms, Susan is |
| | A) | self-actualized. |
| | B) | self-deluded. |
| | C) | self-fulfilled. |
| | D) | extraverted. |
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| 15 | |
Dr. Gordon believes that the "unsymbolized" mind exerts a powerful influence on people, that we internalize knowledge of what is "good" and "bad", that people are inherently good, and society often harms or destroys our inherent tendency to be healthy and good. Dr. Gordon subscribes to which theory of personality? |
| | A) | psychoanalytic |
| | B) | both psychoanalytic and humanistic |
| | C) | social learning |
| | D) | humanistic |
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| 16 | |
The most widely used method of personality assessment is the |
| | A) | survey. |
| | B) | objective personality test. |
| | C) | interview. |
| | D) | projective personality test. |
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| 17 | |
Yeh is taking a test that consists of 566 true/false questions, such as "I get along well with others" and "I am afraid of losing my mind." Yeh is taking which test? |
| | A) | the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) |
| | B) | the Stanford-Binet IQ test |
| | C) | the Rorschach inkblot test |
| | D) | the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) |
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