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| 1 | |
Dr. Lawrence works with a government agency. He is researching ways to increase job satisfaction by changing methods of management and training, and finding ways to put "the right person in the right job." Dr. Lawrence works in the field of |
| | A) | forensic psychology. |
| | B) | industrial-organizational (I/O) psychology. |
| | C) | health psychology. |
| | D) | design psychology. |
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| 2 | |
Avi wishes to evaluate his current employees so that he can determine their raises, promotions, and whether he should fire any who aren't working out well. To get the most relevant information, Avi should use what type of assessment? |
| | A) | tests of job skills and job knowledge |
| | B) | job performance ratings |
| | C) | intelligence tests |
| | D) | performance tests |
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| 3 | |
Jean-Paul's company has sent him to an assessment center to be evaluated for promotion to a managerial position. He is given a problem similar to one he might encounter as a manager. This type of simulated task is referred to as |
| | A) | a predictive measurement task. |
| | B) | an organizational task. |
| | C) | an in-basket exercise. |
| | D) | a managerial stimulation. |
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| 4 | |
Which statement most accurately reflects the conclusions of Richard Wagner with regard to the use of intelligence tests as predictors of future job performance? |
| | A) | Although the tests are flawed in their ability to predict which minority applicants have good job potential, discontinuing their use might make matters worse. |
| | B) | The tests do a fairly good job of predicting which minority workers have good job potential, thus their use should be continued. |
| | C) | They have been extremely useful for predicting which workers—minority or non-minority—have good job potential. |
| | D) | Because the tests are flawed in their ability to predict which minority workers have good job potential, their use should be discontinued. |
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| 5 | |
The most effective managers and supervisors are |
| | A) | organized and authoritarian. |
| | B) | directive and communicative. |
| | C) | directive and structured. |
| | D) | considerate and communicative. |
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| 6 | |
Joshua and his co-workers have been assigned the task of developing retaining walls for hillside homes. The walls must be designed so they will hold up against such environmental stressors as earthquakes and floods. The team is given considerable latitude in determining how to achieve this. The managerial strategy being used is |
| | A) | management by objectives. |
| | B) | participative management. |
| | C) | transformational management. |
| | D) | egalitarian management. |
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| 7 | |
Which leader is most likely to use a transformational management style and to reward employees for a job well done? |
| | A) | Harry, a male manager |
| | B) | Harriet, a female manager |
| | C) | Harvey, a male senior manager |
| | D) | Harlan, a male supervisor |
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| 8 | |
Research on entrepreneurs suggests that those who succeed differ from others in the following way: |
| | A) | they have excellent business skills. |
| | B) | they are slightly less physically attractive. |
| | C) | they have excellent social skills. |
| | D) | they engage in high levels of counterfactual thinking. |
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| 9 | |
Dr. Harvey is working on a way to engineer labels and instructions that will help diabetics monitor their glucose levels so they can self-administer their proper dosage of insulin. This type of research falls within the realm of which field of psychology? |
| | A) | medical psychology |
| | B) | human factors engineering |
| | C) | health psychology |
| | D) | human technology |
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| 10 | |
Andrea wants to place an ad in her local newspaper. Which of the following formats would be noticed and read by more readers? |
| | A) | a full-page full-color ad |
| | B) | a half-page full-color ad |
| | C) | a full-page black and white ad |
| | D) | a half-page black and white ad |
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| 11 | |
________________ psychologists study the effects of the environment on behavior and mental processes, and the effects of human behavior on the environment. |
| | A) | Health |
| | B) | Architectural design |
| | C) | Environmental |
| | D) | Human factor |
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| 12 | |
Research by Stuart Oskamp states that overpopulation, resource depletion, and pollution and climate change are likely to result in |
| | A) | increased hostility between countries and wars aimed at acquiring the resources of other nations. |
| | B) | a major overhaul of our government to ensure that the situation is reversed before we end up killing ourselves. |
| | C) | citizens leading a revolution to insist that governments worldwide make every effort humanly possible to begin protecting our environment. |
| | D) | the earth being unable to sustain human life at some point in the future. |
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| 13 | |
Hillary, an environmental psychologist, uses the behavioral approach in her attempts to protect the environment. She would be most likely to |
| | A) | use the experimental approach to solve real-world problems. |
| | B) | make decisions about the environment that will satisfy people's current self interests while trying to convince them to think more conservatively about the future. |
| | C) | work toward changing people's beliefs and attitudes about sustainability. |
| | D) | appeal to people's higher motives concerning the importance of protecting the environment. |
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| 14 | |
Based on the psychological research, which of these statements would be most accurate? |
| | A) | As prejudice in the United States has declined, the likelihood that defendants will receive equal protection under the law has increased. |
| | B) | In first-degree murder cases, blue-collar workers are more likely to be sentenced to death than white-collar workers are. |
| | C) | Physically attractive defendants are less likely to be convicted than unattractive defendants, especially when attractiveness played a role in the crime. |
| | D) | Physically attractive defendants are more likely to be convicted than unattractive defendants. |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following is the most important factor in determining conviction or acquittal of a defendant? |
| | A) | the strength and validity of the evidence |
| | B) | the way the evidence is presented |
| | C) | characteristics of the defendant |
| | D) | characteristics of jurors |
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| 16 | |
Officer Rand is interrogating a suspect in a burglary. Which behavior would be the most reliable indication that the suspect is NOT telling the truth? |
| | A) | the suspect sweats a lot |
| | B) | the suspect blinks very little |
| | C) | the suspect fidgets nervously |
| | D) | the suspect does not make eye contact with the interrogator |
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| 17 | |
Which approach to education insists that children should never progress from one learning task to another until they have fully learned the first task? |
| | A) | mastery learning |
| | B) | whole education |
| | C) | learning styles |
| | D) | direct instruction |
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| 18 | |
Mrs. Anderson is the principal of an elementary school. She wants to ensure that each child in her school can meet the minimum standards for specific educational objectives. She is most likely to use which type of testing to determine whether this goal is being achieved? |
| | A) | mastery |
| | B) | criterion-referenced |
| | C) | intelligence |
| | D) | achievement |
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| 19 | |
Danny is moderately retarded and falls in the category of "special needs" children. Public Law 94-142 requires that, whenever possible, children like Danny be |
| | A) | placed in separate schools so they can learn at their own rate without slowing down the education of their non-disadvantaged age peers. |
| | B) | given private tutorial assistance for most of the school week, and mainstreamed only for certain classes such as art and music. |
| | C) | mainstreamed into the regular classroom for as large a part of the school day as possible and removed for special assistance only when necessary. |
| | D) | given special assistance for as large a part of the school day as possible and mainstreamed into the regular classroom for only one or two hours each day. |
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