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| 1.
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Clinicians and researchers use biological tests to: |
| | A) | determine if a person is suffering from a medical condition that causes psychological symptoms. |
| | B) | diagnose most mental disorders by localizing their underlying physical manifestation. |
| | C) | detect mental retardation or other types of cognitive impairment. |
| | D) | allow for a differential diagnosis between two disorders by comparing the PET scan of a client suspected of having a certain disorder with a PET scan of a separate disorder. |
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| 2.
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Which of the following is particularly important to assess when making a differential diagnosis? |
| | A) | a client's level of acculturation |
| | B) | the client's past history of psychological disorders |
| | C) | the extent to which the symptoms are interfering with daily functioning |
| | D) | how the client copes with his or her symptoms |
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| 3.
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The extent to which a test yields the same results as other measures of the same behavior, thoughts, or feelings is referred to as: |
| | A) | test-retest reliability. |
| | B) | predictive validity. |
| | C) | concurrent validity. |
| | D) | construct validity. |
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| 4.
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Similarity in people's answers to different parts of the same test is referred to as: |
| | A) | test-retest reliability. |
| | B) | internal reliability. |
| | C) | alternate form reliability. |
| | D) | face validity. |
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| 5.
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An IQ score of 100 means that: |
| | A) | the client's intellectual abilities are in the mentally retarded range. |
| | B) | the client's intellectual abilities are in the gifted range. |
| | C) | the client's intellectual abilities are in the average range. |
| | D) | the IQ test is not appropriate for the client being tested. |
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| 6.
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The extent to which a test measures all the important aspects of a phenomenon that it purports to measure is referred to as: |
| | A) | face validity. |
| | B) | predictive validity. |
| | C) | construct validity. |
| | D) | content validity. |
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| 7.
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If a test is administered to the same person by two different clinicians and there is agreement on the findings, the test is said to have high: |
| | A) | interrater reliability. |
| | B) | test-retest reliability. |
| | C) | alternate form reliability. |
| | D) | external reliability. |
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| 8.
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The Bender-Gestalt Test is an example of a(n): |
| | A) | brain-imaging technique. |
| | B) | neuropsychological test. |
| | C) | intelligence test. |
| | D) | personality inventory. |
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| 9.
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Which of the following includes validity scales that determine if a person is performing the test in a straightforward manner? |
| | A) | Halstead-Reitan Test |
| | B) | Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory |
| | C) | Stanford-Binet Intelligence Test |
| | D) | Beck Depression Inventory |
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| 10.
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Which of the following brain imaging technologies involves exposing a person to radiation? |
| | A) | magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
| | B) | electroencephalogram (EEG) |
| | C) | computerized tomography (CT) |
| | D) | event-related potentials (ERP) |
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| 11.
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Which of the following provides a picture of the activity in the brain? |
| | A) | magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) |
| | B) | position-emission tomography (PET) |
| | C) | computerized tomography (CT) |
| | D) | event-related potentials (ERP) |
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| 12.
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Which of the following types of tests do not have strong reliability and validity? |
| | A) | neuropsychological tests |
| | B) | intelligence tests |
| | C) | personality inventories |
| | D) | projective tests |
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| 13.
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The first edition of the DSM: |
| | A) | was published in 1968 by the American Psychiatric Association. |
| | B) | provided vague diagnostic criteria for the listed mental disorders. |
| | C) | provided diagnostic criteria for just a few of the most well-known mental disorders. |
| | D) | provided diagnostic criteria that were based on biological theories. |
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| 14.
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Beginning with its third edition, the DSM was revamped due to: |
| | A) | problems with the validity of diagnostic criteria. |
| | B) | insufficient theory regarding the causes of disorders in earlier editions. |
| | C) | problems with the reliability of diagnostic criteria. |
| | D) | the requirement (in earlier editions) that one's symptoms interfere with functioning. |
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| 15.
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On Axis II of the DSM, a clinician indicates if the client is suffering from: |
| | A) | chronic or acute disorders. |
| | B) | mental retardation or a personality disorder. |
| | C) | a medical or physical disease. |
| | D) | clinical syndromes. |
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| 16.
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When determining a DSM diagnosis, problems such as housing or economic difficulties should be recorded on: |
| | A) | Axis II. |
| | B) | Axis III. |
| | C) | Axis IV. |
| | D) | Axis V. |
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| 17.
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When determining a DSM diagnosis, general medical conditions should be recorded on: |
| | A) | Axis I. |
| | B) | Axis II. |
| | C) | Axis III |
| | D) | Axis V. |
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| 18.
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Which of the following statements is false in regards to how the diagnostic criteria for recent editions of the DSM were developed? |
| | A) | Input was sought from a committee of experts on each of the disorders. |
| | B) | The literature was reviewed to determine evidence for and against the existence of certain questionable syndromes. |
| | C) | Field trials were conducted to determine the usefulness of the criteria. |
| | D) | Criteria were adopted only if the experts could reach a consensus. |
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| 19.
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An influential critic of psychiatry, Thomas Szasz, stated that: |
| | A) | more types of mental illnesses need to be diagnosed and treated. |
| | B) | biases play a role in who is labeled as having a mental disorder. |
| | C) | mental illness is not taken seriously by the people in power. |
| | D) | labeling people with mental illnesses is necessary if proper treatment is the goal. |
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| 20.
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In David Rosenhan's classic study of the effects of labeling, pseudopatients were: |
| | A) | admitted to a psychiatric hospital based on one symptom. |
| | B) | declared normal by hospital staff once they were fully assessed. |
| | C) | told at discharge that they had no signs of mental illness. |
| | D) | kept in hospital for an average of five days. |
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