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Multiple Choice Quiz
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1
Each earthworm segment has its own set of _____.
A)longitudinal muscles
B)circular muscles
C)both A and B
2
When the longitudinal muscles of an earthworm contract, the segments become thicker and shorten.
A)True
B)False
3
An animal with a hydrostatic skeleton has a constant shape.
A)True
B)False
4
Insects have a chitinous exoskeleton.
A)True
B)False
5
Which of the following has a hydrostatic skeleton?
A)flatworm.
B)grasshopper.
C)sea star.
D)shark.
6
An endoskeleton is observed in ______.
A)vertebrates
B)molluscs
C)echinoderms
D)both A and C
7
The whiplike movement of roundworms is due to the contraction of their _____ muscles.
A)longitudinal
B)circular
C)both A and B
8
Internal organs are well protected by _____.
A)exoskeletons
B)endoskeletons
C)hydrostatic skeletons
D)both A and B
9
The exoskeletons of arthropods are _____.
A)jointed
B)formed of chitin
C)must be molted when the animal grows
D)all of the above
10
An exoskeleton is not as strong as an endoskeleton.
A)True
B)False
11
An endoskeleton is associated with _____.
A)movement
B)support
C)protection of internal organs
D)all of the above
12
Organisms with large and thick exoskeletons move around on land with ease.
A)True
B)False
13
Flat bones produce red blood cells.
A)True
B)False
14
All bones _____.
A)produce red blood cells.
B)store calcium and phosphate ions
C)support the body against the pull of gravity
D)all of the above
15
Bone-forming cells _____.
A)are called osteoblasts
B)convert cartilage models to bone
C)take calcium from the blood
D)all of the above
16
All bones form from a cartilaginous model.
A)True
B)False
17
Bone growth stops when the cartilaginous growth plates ossify.
A)True
B)False
18
The rate of growth is controlled by _____.
A)growth hormone
B)sex hormones
C)both A and B
19
Blood calcium is regulated by _____.
A)parathyroid hormone
B)osteoclast activity
C)calcitonin
D)all of the above
20
In an adult, bones are static and unchanging.
A)True
B)False
21
Osteoclast activity increases _____.
A)when blood calcium is low
B)when calcitonin is high
C)both A and B
22
The thickness of bone can change depending on exercise and hormone balances.
A)True
B)False
23
Blood calcium must be closely regulated because of its important role in _____.
A)muscle contractions
B)blood clotting
C)nerve conduction
D)both a and c
24
Children require more calcium in the diet than adults.
A)True
B)False
25
When osteoblasts are trapped in the matrix they secrete, they _____.
A)begin to break down bone
B)are converted into osteocytes
C)weaken the bone
D)block the central canals
26
The medullary cavity of a long bone _____.
A)contains yellow bone marrow
B)produces red blood cells
C)stores calcium
D)contains many osteons
27
When blood oxygen is low _____.
A)calcitonin increases
B)osteoclast activity increases
C)red bone marrow makes more red blood cells
D)osteoblasts become osteocytes
28
Spongy bone produces _____.
A)red blood cells
B)white blood cells
C)both A and B
29
The functioning of the skeletal system is essential to the functioning of the _____ system.
A)immune
B)circulatory
C)respiratory
D)all of the above
30
The brain, spinal cord, heart and lungs are protected by the _____ skeleton.
A)axial
B)appendicular
31
Which is/are part of the axial skeleton?
A)skull
B)sternum
C)ribs
D)all of the above
32
The spinal cord passes through the _____ and becomes the brain stem.
A)fontanel
B)zygomatic arch
C)foramen magnum
D)fossa ovale
33
The soft spots in an infants skull are membranous regions called fontanels which usually close by the age of two years.
A)True
B)False
34
The opening leading to the middle ear is in the _____ bone.
A)occipital
B)frontal
C)parietal
D)temporal
35
The mandible is the only movable portion of the skull.
A)True
B)False
36
The nose is formed of _____.
A)bone
B)cartilage
C)connective tissue
D)all of the above
37
The intervertebral disks _____.
A)facilitate bending forward, backward and side to side
B)prevent the vertebrae from grinding against one another
C)are composed of fibrocartilage
D)all of the above
38
The _____ assists inhalation and exhalation.
A)coccyx
B)skull
C)rib cage
D)sacrum
39
The bones of the _____ girdle are specialized for flexibility.
A)pectoral
B)pelvic
40
The scapula is held in place only by muscles so it can freely follow the movements of the arm.
A)True
B)False
41
The humerus articulates with the _____.
A)scapula
B)ulna
C)radius
D)all of the above
42
Digits refers to either fingers or toes.
A)True
B)False
43
Freely movable joints are called _____ joints.
A)fibrous
B)cartilaginous
C)synovial
44
Which of the following is not associated with the pelvic girdle or leg?
A)coxal bones.
B)femur.
C)clavicle.
D)fibula.
45
Fibrous joints are found between the _____.
A)cranial bones
B)vertebrae
C)humerus and scapula
D)femur and tibia
46
Rotational movement and movement in all planes is associated with _____ joints.
A)ball and socket
B)hinge
C)both A and B
47
Arthritis is caused by _____.
A)disintegration of the cartilage at the ends of the bones
B)inflammation and thickening of the synovial membrane
C)both A and B
48
With advanced age, bone reabsorption begins to exceed formation.
A)True
B)False
49
The risk of osteoporosis is increased by _____.
A)a sedentary lifestyle
B)smoking
C)thin body type
D)all of the above
50
Skeletal muscle contractions assist homeostasis by helping maintain a constant body temperature.
A)True
B)False
51
When muscles contract they push or pull bones.
A)True
B)False
52
Even when muscles appear to be at rest, some of their fibers are contracting resulting in muscle tone.
A)True
B)False
53
When a muscle is stimulated, _____ ions that were stored in the sarcoplasmic reticulum are released.
A)chlorine
B)sodium
C)potassium
D)calcium
54
Muscle contractions are initiated by _____.
A)sensory neurons
B)interneurons
C)motor neurons
55
The H zone contains _____.
A)actin filaments
B)myosin filaments
C)both A and B
56
ATP for muscle contraction is quickly generated by _____.
A)cellular respiration
B)creatine phosphate
C)alcoholic fermentation
D)all of the above
57
Cross bridges are formed by _____ which create the sliding process of the sliding filament model.
A)myosin
B)actin
58
Oxygen debt is the amount of oxygen _____.
A)needed to metabolize lactate
B)the United States owes Japan
C)required for fermentation
D)produced by aerobic respiration
59
Oxygen is stored in muscle cells by _____.
A)lactate
B)actin
C)myoglobin
D)the sarcoplasmic reticulum
60
Muscle aches and fatigue after exercise are due to the build up of myoglobin in the muscles.
A)True
B)False
61
The number of mitochondria in muscle cells increases with athletic training.
A)True
B)False
62
Sarcomeres contain _____.
A)actin
B)myosin
C)both A and B
63
During the sliding process, actin and myosin shorten.
A)True
B)False
64
Calcium ion release is stimulated when _____ is released at a neuromuscular junction.
A)acetylcholine
B)lactate
C)epinephrine
D)myoglobin
65
When calcium ions are released from the sarcoplasmic reticulum, they bind to _____.
A)actin
B)myosin
C)troponin
D)myoglobin
66
Energy is needed to return calcium ions to the calcium storage sites.
A)True
B)False
67
During muscle contractions, ATP is broken down by _____.
A)myosin filament heads
B)actin filaments
C)troponin
D)myoglobin
68
Cross bridges formed by myosin during muscle contractions pull the actin filament to the center of the sarcomere.
A)True
B)False
69
Skeletal muscles are attached to the skeleton by bands of fibrous connective tissue called _____.
A)tendons
B)sarcomeres
C)ligaments
D)synovial membranes
70
Flexor muscles like the biceps brachii _____ the angle at a joint.
A)decrease
B)increase
71
Muscles must relax completely before responding to the next stimulus.
A)True
B)False
72
Which of the following is found in a neuromuscular junction?
A)an axon bulb of a motor nerve fiber.
B)a muscle fiber
C)a synaptic cleft
D)all of the above
73
When you shiver, muscle contractions produce heat which increases body temperature.
A)True
B)False







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