| abdominal [åb-D3M-7-nål] cavity | Body space between
the abdominal walls, above the pelvis, and below the
diaphragm.
|
 |
|
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| abdominocentesis [åb-D3M-7-no-s6n-TE-s7s] | Incision into the abdomen to remove fluid or relieve pressure.
|
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|
| abortifacient [å-bor-t7-FA-sh6nt] {abortifaciente} | Medication to prevent implantation of an ovum.
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| abortion [å-BOR-sh9n] {aborto} | Premature ending of a pregnancy.
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| abruptio placentae [åb-R4P-she-o plå-S1N-te] | Breaking away of the placenta from the uterine wall.
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| abscess [0B-s6s] {absceso} | Localized collection of pus and other exudate, usually accompanied by swelling and redness; infection and swelling of the soft tissue of the jaw.
|
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| absence seizure | Mild epileptic seizure consisting of brief disorientation
with the environment.
|
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| absorb [åb-S3RB] | To take into.
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| absorption [åb-S3RP-sh9n] {absorción} | Passing of nutrients into the bloodstream.
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| acetabulum [ås-6-T0B-yu-l9m] {acetábulo} | Cup-shaped depression in the hip bone into which the top of the femur fits.
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| acetone [0S-6-ton] {acetona} | Type of ketone normally found in urine in small quantities; found in larger quantities in diabetic urine.
|
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| acetylcholine [ås-e-t7l-KO-len] {acetilcolina} | acetilcolina} Chemical that stimulates cells.
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| achalasia [åk-å-LA-zhe-å] {acalasia} | Inability of a muscle, particularly the cardiac sphincter, to relax.
|
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| achlorhydria [a-klor-HI-dre-å] | Lack of hydrochloric acid in the stomach.
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| acidosis [ås-7-DO-s7s] {acidosis} | Abnormal release of ketones in the body.
|
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| acne [0K-ne] {acné} | Inflammatory eruption of the skin, occurring in or near sebaceous glands on the face, neck, shoulder, or upper back.
|
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| acne vulgaris [v9l-GAR-7s] {acne vulgar} | See acne.
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| acquired active immunity | Resistance to a disease acquired naturally or developed by previous exposure or vaccination.
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| acquired immunodeficiency [2M-yu-no-de-F2SH-6n-se] | AIDS) Most widespread immunosuppressive disease; caused by the HIV virus.
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| acquired passive immunity | immunity Inoculation against disease or poison, using ntitoxins or antibodies from or in another person or another species.
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| acromegaly [åk-ro-M1G-å-le] {acromegalia} | Abnormally enlarged features resulting from a pituitary tumor and hypersecretion of growth hormone.
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| acromion [å-KRO-me-8n] {acromion} | Part of the scapula that connects to the clavicle.
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| actinic keratosis [åk-T2N-7k K1R-å-to-s7s] | Overgrowth of horny skin that forms from over-exposure to sunlight; sunburn.
|
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| acupuncture [å-kyu-P4NK-chur] | Originally Chinese therapy that uses fine needles.
|
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| Adam's apple {manzana de Adán} | Thyroid cartilage, supportive structure of the larynx; larger in males than in females; protrusion in the neck caused by a fold of thyroid cartilage.
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| addict [0D-7kt] | One who is dependent on a substance (usually illegal, as narcotics) on a recurring basis.
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| Addison's [0D-7-s8nz] disease | Underactivity of the adrenal glands.
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| adenectomy [å-d6-N1K-to-me] | Removal of a gland.
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| adenohypophysis [0D-6-no-hi-P3F-7-s7s] | Anterior lobe of the pituitary gland.
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| adenoidectomy [0D-6-n8y-D1K-to-me] {adenoidectomía} | Removal of the adenoids.
|
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|
| adenoiditis [0D-6-n8y-DI-t7s] {adenoiditis} | Inflammation of the adenoids.
|
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| adenoids [0D-6-n8ydz] {adenoids} | Collection of lymphoid tissue in the nasopharynx; pharyngeal tonsils.
|
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| adipose [0D-7-pos] {adipose} | Fatty; relating to fat.
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| adrenal cortex [å-DRE-nål K3R-t6ks] | Outer portion of the adrenal gland; helps control metabolism, inflammations, sodium and potassium retention, and effects of stress.
|
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| adrenal gland {adrenal} | One of two glands, each of which is situated on top of each kidney.
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| adrenal medulla [m6-DUL-lå] | Inner portion of adrenal glands; releases large quantities of hormones during stress.
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| adrenalectomy [å-dre-nål-1K-to-me] {adrenalectomía} | Removal of an adrenal gland.
|
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|
| adrenaline [å-DR1-nå-l7n] {adrenalina} | Epinephrine; secreted by adrenal medulla.
|
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| adrenocorticotropic [å-DRE-no-KOR-t7-k8-TRO-p7k] hormone (ACTH) | Hormone secreted by anterior pituitary; involved in the control of the adrenal cortex.
|
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|
| aerotitis media [år-o-TI-t7s ME-de-å] | Inflammation of the middle ear caused by air pressure changes, as in air travel.
|
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| afferent [0F-6r-6nt] (sensory) neuron | Neuron that carries information from the sensory receptors to the central nervous system.
|
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| afterbirth [0F-t6r-b7rth] {secundina} | Placenta and membranes that are expelled from the uterus after birth.
|
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| agglutination [å-glu-t7-NA-sh9n] {aglutinación} | Clumping of cells and particles in blood.
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| agglutinogen [å-glu-T2N-o-j6n] {aglutinógeno} | Substances that cause agglutination.
|
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|
| aggressiveness [å-GR1S-7v-n6s] | Abnormal forcefulness toward others.
|
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| agitation [å-j7-TA-sh9n] | Abnormal restlessness.
|
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| agnosia [åg-NO-ze-å] {agnosia} | Inability to receive and understand outside stimuli.
|
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| agranulocyte [a-GR0N-yu-lo-sit] {agranulocito} | Leukocyte with nongranular cytoplasm.
|
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| AIDS [adz] | See acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
|
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|
| albinism [0L-b7-n7zm] {albinismo} | Rare, congenital condition causing either partial or total lack of pigmentation.
|
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|
| albumin [ål-BYU-m7n] {albúmina} | 1. Simple protein; when leaked into urine, may indicate a kidney problem. 2. Simple protein found in plasma.
|
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| albuminuria [ål-byu-m7-NU-re-å] {albuminuria} | Presence of albumin in urine, usually indicative of disease.
|
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|
| aldosterone [ål-D3S-t6r-on] {aldosterona} | Hormone secreted by adrenal cortex; mineralocorticoid.
|
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| alimentary [ål-7-M1N-t6r-e] canal | Muscular tube from the mouth to the anus; digestive tract; gastrointestinal tract.
|
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| allergen [0L-6r-j6n] {alergeno} | Substance to which exposure causes an allergic response.
|
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| allergy [0L-6r-je] {alergia} | Production of IgE antibodies against an allergen.
|
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| allograft [0L-o-gråft] {aloinjerto} | See homograft.
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| alopecia [ål-o-PE-she-å] {alopecia} | Lack of hair in spots; baldness.
|
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| alopecia areata [ål-o-PE-she-å å-re-A-tå] | Loss of hair in patches.
|
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|
| alpha [0L-få] cells | Specialized cells that produce glucagon in the pancreas.
|
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| alpha rays | Type of radioactive particles that have a low ability
to penetrate the body.
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| alpha-hydroxy [0L-få-hi-DR3K-se] acid | Agent added to cosmetics to improve the skin's appearance.
|
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| alternative medical system | Complete system of medical treatment outside the realm of conventional medicine.
|
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| alternative medicine | Medical therapies outside the realm of conventional medicine.
|
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| alveolar [ål-VE-o-lår] | Forming small sacs.
|
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| alveolus (pl., alveoli) [ål-VE-o-l9s (ål-VE-o-li)] {alvéolo} | Air sac at the end of each bronchiole.
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| Alzheimer's [0LTS-hi-m6rz] disease | A type of degenerative brain disease causing thought disorders, gradual loss of muscle control, and, eventually, death.
|
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| amalgam [å-M0L-gåm] | Mixture of metals or other substances used in fillings.
|
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| ambivalence [åm-B2V-a-lens] | Feeling of conflicting emotions about a person or issue.
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| amenorrhea [a-m6n-8-RE-å] {amenorrea} | Lack of menstruation.
|
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| amino [å-ME-no] acid {aminoácido} | Chemical compound that results from digestion of complex proteins.
|
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| amnesia [åm-NE-ze-å] {amnesia} | Loss of memory.
|
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| amniocentesis [0M-ne-o-s6n-TE-s7s] {amniocentesis} | Removal of a sample of amniotic fluid through a needle
injected in the amniotic sac.
|
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|
|
| amnion [0M-ne-8n] {amnios} | Innermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation.
|
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| amniotic [åm-ne-3T-7k] {amniótico} fluid | Fluid surrounding the fetus and held by the amnion.
|
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|
| amphiarthrosis (pl., amphiarthroses) [AM-fi-ar-THRO-sis (AM-fi-ar-THRO-ses)] {anfiartrosis} | Cartilaginous joint having some movement at the union of two bones.
|
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|
| amputation [0M-pyu-TA-sh9n] {amputación} | Cutting off of a limb or part of a limb.
|
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|
| amylase [0M-7l-as] {amilasa} | Enzyme that is part of pancreatic juice and saliva and that begins the digestion of carbohydrates.
|
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|
| amyotrophic lateral sclerosis [a-mi-o-TRO-f7k L0T-6r-ål skl6-RO-s7s] (ALS) | Degenerative disease of the motor neurons leading to loss of muscular control and death.
|
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|
| anacusis [ån-å-KU-s7s] {anacusia} | Loss of hearing.
|
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|
| anal [A-nål] canal | Part of the digestive tract extending from the rectum to the anus.
|
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|
| anal fistula [A-nål F2S-tyu-lå] | Small opening in the anal canal through which waste matter can leak.
|
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|
| anal fistulectomy [A-nål f7s-tyu-L1K-to-me] | Removal of an anal fistula.
|
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|
| analgesic [ån-ål-JE-z7k] {analgésico} | Agent that relieves or eliminates pain.
|
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|
|
| anaphylaxis [0N-å-f7-L0K-s7s] {anafilaxia o anafilaxis} | Life-threatening allergic reaction.
|
|
|
|
| anaplasia [ån-å-PLA-ze-å] | Loss of cell differentiation.
|
|
|
|
| anaplastic [ån-å-PL0S-t7k] | Reverting to a more immature form.
|
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|
|
| anastomosis [å-N0S-to-MO-s7s] {anastomosis} | Surgical connection of two blood vessels to allow blood flow
between them; surgical union of two hollow structures.
|
|
|
|
| androgen [0N-dro-j6n] {andrógeno} | Any male hormone, such as testosterone.
|
|
|
|
| anemia [å-NE-me-å] {anemia} | Condition in which red blood cells do not transport enough oxygen to the tissues.
|
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|
|
| anesthetic [ån-6s-TH1T-7k] {anestésico} | 1. Agent that relieves pain by blocking nerve sensations. 2. Agent that causes loss of feeling or sensation. 3. Drug that causes temporary loss of ability to perceive sensations at a conscious level.
|
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|
|
| aneurysm [0N-yu-r7zm] {aneurisma} | Abnormal widening of an artery wall that bursts and releases blood; ballooning of the artery wall caused by weakness in the wall.
|
|
|
|
| angina [0N-ji-nå, ån-JI-nå] {angina} | Angina pectoris.
|
|
|
|
| angina pectoris [P1K-tor-7s, p6k-TOR-7s] {angina de pecho} | Chest pain, usually caused by a lowered oxygen or blood
supply to the heart.
|
|
|
|
| angiocardiography [ån-je-o-kår-de-3G-rå-fe] | Viewing of the heart and its major blood vessels by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium.
|
|
|
|
| angiography [ån-je-3G-rå-fe] | Viewing of the heart's major blood vessels by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium.
|
|
|
|
| angioplasty [0N-je-o-plås-te] {angioplastia} | Opening of a blocked blood vessel, as by balloon dilation.
|
|
|
|
| angioscopy [ån-je-3S-ko-pe] {angioscopia} | Viewing of the interior of a blood vessel using a fiberoptic catheter inserted or threaded into the vessel.
|
|
|
|
| angiotensin [ån-je-o-T1N-s7n] converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor | Medication used for heart failure and other cardiovascular problems; acts by dilating arteries to lower blood pressure and makes the heart pump easier.
|
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|
|
| anisocytosis [ån-I-so-si-TO-s7s] {anisocitosis} | Condition with abnormal variation in the size of red blood cells.
|
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|
|
| ankle [0NG-kl] {tobillo} | Hinged area between the lower leg bones and the bones of the foot.
|
|
|
|
| ankyloglossia [0NG-k7-lo-GL3S-e-å] {anquiloglosia} | Condition of the tongue being partially or completely attached to the bottom of the mouth.
|
|
|
|
| ankylosis [0NG-k7-LO-s7s] {anquilosis} | Stiffening of a joint, especially as a result of disease.
|
|
|
|
| anorchism [ån-OR-k7zm], anorchia [-ke-å] {anorquia} | Congenital absence of one or both testicles.
|
|
|
|
| anorexia nervosa [ån-o-R1K-se-å n6r-VO-så] | Eating disorder in which the patient refuses to eat enough to
sustain a minimum weight; eating disorder with extreme
weight loss.
|
|
|
|
| anovulation [ån-8v-yu-LA-sh9n] | Lack of ovulation.
|
|
|
|
| antacid [ånt-0S-7d] {antiácido} | Drug that lessens or neutralizes acidity.
|
|
|
|
| anteflexion [ån-te-FL1K-sh9n] | Bending forward, as of the uterus.
|
|
|
|
| anterior [ån-TER-e-or] | At or toward the front (of the body).
|
|
|
|
| anthracosis [ån-thrå-KO-s7s] {antracosis} | Lung disease caused by long-term inhalation of coal dust; black lung disease.
|
|
|
|
| antianginal [ån-te-0N-j7-nål] | Agent used to relieve or prevent attacks of angina.
|
|
|
|
| antianxiety agent | Tranquilizer.
|
|
|
|
| antiarrhythmic [ån-te-a-R2TH-m7k] | Agent used to help normalize cardiac rhythm.
|
|
|
|
| antibacterial [0N-te-båk-TER-e-ål] {antibacteriano} | Agent that kills or slows the growth of bacteria.
|
|
|
|
| antibiotic [0N-te-bi-3T-7k] {antibiótico} | Agent or drug that kills or slows the growth of harmful microorganisms.
|
|
|
|
| antibody [0N-te-b8d-e] {anticuerpo} | Specialized protein that fights disease; also called immunoglobulin.
|
|
|
|
| anticlotting | See anticoagulant.
|
|
|
|
| anticoagulant [0N-te-ko-0G-yu-l6nt] | Agent that prevents the formation of dangerous blood clots.
|
|
|
|
| anticonvulsant [0N-te-k8n-V4L-sånt] | Agent that lessens or prevents convulsions.
|
|
|
|
| antidepressant [0N-te-de-PR1S-6nt] | Agent that controls the effects of clinical depression.
|
|
|
|
| antidiabetic [0N-te-di-å-B1T-7k] {antidiabético} | Drug that lowers blood sugar or increases insulin sensitivity.
|
|
|
|
| antidiarrheal [ån-te-di-å-RE-ål] | Agent that controls loose, watery stools.
|
|
|
|
| antidiuretic [0N-te-di-yu-R1T-7k] hormone (ADH) | Posterior pituitary hormone that increases water reabsorption.
|
|
|
|
| antidote [0N-te-dot] {antidoto} | Substance able to cancel out unwanted effects of another substance.
|
|
|
|
| antiemetic [0N-te-6-M1T-7k] | Agent that prevents vomiting.
|
|
|
|
| antifungal [0N-te-F4NG-ål] {antifúngico} | Agent or drug that kills or slows the growth of fungi.
|
|
|
|
| antigen [0N-t7-j6n] {antígeno} | Any substance that can provoke an immune response.
|
|
|
|
| antiglobulin [0N-te-GL3B-yu-l7n] test | Test for antibodies on red blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| antihistamine [0N-te-H2S-tå-men] {antihistamina} | 1. Agent that controls allergic reactions by blocking the effectiveness of histamines in the body. 2. Drug that reduces the action of histamines; used in allergy treatments.
|
|
|
|
| antihyperglycemic [0N-te-HI-p6r-gli-SE-m7k] | Agent that lowers blood glucose.
|
|
|
|
| antihypertensive | Agent that helps control high blood pressure.
|
|
|
|
| antihypoglycemic [0N-te-HI-po-gli-SE-m7k] | Agent that raises blood glucose.
|
|
|
|
| anti-infective [0N-te-7n-F1K-t7v] | See antibiotic.
|
|
|
|
| anti-inflammatory (corticosteroids) | Agent that reduces inflammation.
|
|
|
|
| anti-inflammatory | Agent that relieves the symptoms of inflammations.
|
|
|
|
| antipruritic [0N-te-pru-R2T-7k] | Agent that controls itching.
|
|
|
|
| antipsychotic [0N-te-si-K3T-7k] agent | Agent that relieves agitation and some psychoses.
|
|
|
|
| antiseptic | Agent that kills or slows the growth of microorganisms.
|
|
|
|
| antispasmodic [ån-te-spåz-M3D-7k] | Pharmacological agent that relieves spasms; also decreases frequency of urination; agent that controls intestinal tract spasms.
|
|
|
|
| antitoxin [ån-te-T3K-s7n] {antitoxina} | Antibodies directed against a particular disease or poison.
|
|
|
|
| antitubercular [ån-te-tu-B1R-kyu-lår] | Drug that stops the spread of tuberculosis.
|
|
|
|
| antitussives [ån-te-T4S-s7vs] | Agents that control coughing.
|
|
|
|
| antiviral [ån-te-VI-rål] | Drug that stops or slows the spread of a virus.
|
|
|
|
| anuresis [ån-yu-RE-s7s] | Abnormal retention of urine.
|
|
|
|
| anuria [ån-YU-re-å] {anuria} | Lack of urine formation.
|
|
|
|
| anus [A-n9s] {ano} | Place at which feces exit the body.
|
|
|
|
| anxiety [ånks-ZI-6-te] | Abnormal worry.
|
|
|
|
| aorta [a-OR-tå] {aorta} | Largest artery of the body; artery through which blood exits the heart.
|
|
|
|
| aortic regurgitation [re-G4R-j7-TA-sh9n] or reflux [REfl9ks] | Backward flow or leakage of blood through a faulty
aortic valve.
|
|
|
|
| aortic stenosis [st6-NO-s7s] | Narrowing of the aorta.
|
|
|
|
| aortic valve | Valve between the aorta and the left ventricle.
|
|
|
|
| aortography [a-or-T3G-rå-fe] | Viewing of the aorta by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium.
|
|
|
|
| apex [A-p6ks] {apex} | Topmost section of the lung.
|
|
|
|
| Apgar [0P-går] score | A rating of a newborn's Activity, Pulse, Grimace, Appearance, Respiration.
|
|
|
|
| aphagia [å-FA-je-å] {afagia} | Inability to swallow.
|
|
|
|
| aphakia [å-FA-ke-å] {afaquia} | Absence of a lens.
|
|
|
|
| aphasia [å-FA-ze-å] {afasia} | Loss of speech.
|
|
|
|
| apnea [0P-ne-å] {apnea} | Cessation of breathing.
|
|
|
|
| apocrine [0P-o-kr7n] glands | Glands that appear during and after puberty and secrete sweat, as from the armpits.
|
|
|
|
| apoptosis [a-p8p-TO-s7s] | Normal death of cells.
|
|
|
|
| appendage [å-P1N-d7j] {apéndice} | Any body part (inside or outside) either subordinate to a larger part or having no specific central function.
|
|
|
|
| appendectomy [åp-p6n-D1K-to-me] | Removal of the appendix.
|
|
|
|
| appendicitis [å-p6n-d7-SI-t7s] | Inflammation of the appendix.
|
|
|
|
| appendix [å-P1N-d7ks] {apéndice} | Wormlike appendage to the cecum.
|
|
|
|
| apraxia [å-PR0K-se-å] {apraxia} | Inability to properly use familiar objects.
|
|
|
|
| arachnoid [å-R0K-n8yd] {aracnoideo} | Middle layer of meninges.
|
|
|
|
| areola [å-RE-o-lå] {aréola} | Darkish area surrounding the nipple on a breast.
|
|
|
|
| arrhythmia [å-R2TH-me-å] {arritmia} | Irregularity in the rhythm of the heartbeat.
|
|
|
|
| arterial [år-TER-e-ål] blood gases | Laboratory test that measures the levels of oxygen and carbon dioxide in arterial blood.
|
|
|
|
| arteriography [år-ter-e-3G-rå-fe] | Viewing of a specific artery by x-ray after injection of a contrast medium.
|
|
|
|
| arteriole [år-TE-re-ol] {arteriola} | A tiny artery connecting to a capillary.
|
|
|
|
| arteriosclerosis [år-TER-e-o-skl6r-O-s7s] {arteriosclerosis} | Hardening of the arteries.
|
|
|
|
| arteriotomy [år-ter-e-3T-o-me] | Surgical incision into an artery, especially to remove a clot.
|
|
|
|
| arteritis [år-ter-I-t7s] {arteritis} | Inflammation of an artery or arteries.
|
|
|
|
| artery [0R-ter-e] {arteria} | A thick-walled blood vessel that, in systemic circulation, carries oxygenated blood away from the heart.
|
|
|
|
| arthralgia [år-THR0L-je-å] {artralgia} | Severe joint pain.
|
|
|
|
| arthritis [år-THRI-t7s] {artritis} | Any of various conditions involving joint inflammation.
|
|
|
|
| arthrocentesis [0R-thro-s6n-T1-s7s] {artrocentesis} | Removal of fluid from a joint with use of a puncture needle.
|
|
|
|
| arthrodesis [år-thro-DE-s7s] | Surgical fusion of a joint to stiffen it.
|
|
|
|
| arthrography [år-THR3G-rå-fe] | Radiography of a joint.
|
|
|
|
| arthroplasty [0R-thro-plås-te] | Surgical replacement or repair of a joint.
|
|
|
|
| arthroscopy [år-THR3S-ko-pe] | Examination with an instrument that explores the interior of a joint.
|
|
|
|
| articular [år-T2K-yu-lår] cartilage | Cartilage at a joint.
|
|
|
|
| articulation [år-t7k-yu-LA-sh9n] {articulación} | Point at which two bones join together to allow movement.
|
|
|
|
| asbestosis [ås-b6s-TO-s7s] {asbestosis} | Lung disorder caused by long-term inhalation of asbestos (as in construction work).
|
|
|
|
| ascites [å-SI-tes] {ascitis} | Fluid buildup in the abdominal and peritoneal cavities.
|
|
|
|
| aseptic [a-S1P-t7k] | Germ-free.
|
|
|
|
| aspermia [a-SP1R-me-å] {aspermia} | Inability to produce sperm.
|
|
|
|
| aspiration [ås-p7-RA-sh9n] {aspiración} | Biopsy in which fluid is withdrawn through a needle by suction.
|
|
|
|
| asthenopia [ås-th6-NO-pe-å] {astenopía} | Weakness of the ocular or ciliary muscles that causes the eyes to tire easily.
|
|
|
|
| asthma [0Z-må] {asma} | Chronic condition with obstruction or narrowing of the bronchial airways.
|
|
|
|
| astigmatism [a-ST2G-må-t7zm] {astigmatismo} | Distortion of sight beca use of lack of focus of light rays at one point on the retina.
|
|
|
|
| astringent [ås-TR2N-j6nt] | Agent that removes excess oils and impurities from the surface of skin.
|
|
|
|
| astrocyte, astroglia [0S-tro-sit, ås-TROG-le-å] {astrocito, astroglia} | A type of neuroglia that maintains nutrient and chemical levels in neurons.
|
|
|
|
| astrocytoma [0S-tro-si-TO-må] {astrocitoma} | Type of glioma formed from astrocytes.
|
|
|
|
| asystole [a-S2S-to-le] {asistolia} | Cardiac arrest.
|
|
|
|
| ataractic [å-tå-R0K-t7k] | Tranquilizer.
|
|
|
|
| ataxia [a-T0K-se-å] {ataxia} | Condition with uncoordinated voluntary muscular movement, usually resulting from disorders of the cerebellum or spinal cord.
|
|
|
|
| atelectasis [åt-6-L1K-ta-s7s] {atelectasia} | Collapse of a lung or part of a lung.
|
|
|
|
| atherectomy [åth-6-R1K-to-me] | Surgical removal of an atheroma.
|
|
|
|
| atheroma [åth-6r-O-må] {ateroma} | A fatty deposit (plaque) in the wall of an artery.
|
|
|
|
| atherosclerosis [0TH-6r-o-skler-o-s7s] {ateriosclerosis} | Hardening of the arteries caused by the buildup of atheromas.
|
|
|
|
| atlas [0T-lås] {atlas} | First cervical vertebra.
|
|
|
|
| atresia [å-TRE-zhe-å] {atresia} | Abnormal narrowing, as of the ureters or urethra.
|
|
|
|
| atrial fibrillation [f7-br7-LA-sh9n] | An irregular, usually rapid, heartbeat caused by overstimulation of the AV node.
|
|
|
|
| atrioventricular [A-tre-o-v6n-TR2K-yu-lår] bundle | Bundle of fibers in the interventricular septum that transfer charges in the heart's conduction system; also called bundle of His.
|
|
|
|
| atrioventricular block | Heart block; partial or complete blockage of the electrical impulses from the atrioventricular node to the ventricles.
|
|
|
|
| atrioventricular (AV) node | Specialized part of the interatrial septum that sends a charge to the bundle of His.
|
|
|
|
| atrioventricular valve | One of two valves that control blood flow between the atria and ventricles.
|
|
|
|
| atrium (pl., atria) [A-tre-9m (A-tre-å)] {atrium} | Either of the two upper chambers of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| atrophy [0T-ro-fe] {atrofia} | Wasting away of tissue, organs, and cells, usually as a result of disease or loss of blood supply.
|
|
|
|
| audiogram [0W-de-o-gråm] {audiograma} | Graph that plots the acoustic frequencies being tested.
|
|
|
|
| audiologist [åw-de-3L-o-j7st] {audiólogo} | Specialist in evaluating hearing function.
|
|
|
|
| audiometry [åw-de-3M-6-tre] {audiometría} | Measurement of acoustic frequencies using an audiometer.
|
|
|
|
| auditory ossicles [0W-d7-tor-e 3S-7-klz] | Three specially shaped bones in the middle ear that anchor the eardrum to the tympanic cavity and that transmit vibrations to the inner ear.
|
|
|
|
| aura [0W-rå] {aura} | Group of symptoms that precede a seizure.
|
|
|
|
| auricle [0W-r7-kl] {auricular} | Funnel-like structure leading from the external ear to the external auditory meatus; also called pinna.
|
|
|
|
| auscultation [åws-k9l-TA-sh9n] {auscultación} | Process of listening to body sounds via a stethoscope.
|
|
|
|
| autism [0W-t7zm] | Mental disorder usually beginning in early childhood with morbid self-absorption and difficulty in perceiving reality.
|
|
|
|
| autograft [0W-to-gråft] {autoinjerto} | Skin graft using skin from one's own body.
|
|
|
|
| autoimmune [åw-to-7-MYUN] disease | Any of a number of diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, lupus, and scleroderma, caused by an autoimmune response.
|
|
|
|
| autoimmune response | Overactivity in the immune system against oneself causing destruction of one's own healthy cells.
|
|
|
|
| autonomic [åw-to-NOM-7k] nervous system | Part of the peripheral nervous system that carries impulses from the central nervous system to glands, smooth muscles, cardiac muscle, and various membranes.
|
|
|
|
| axis [0K-s7s] {axis} | Second cervical vertebra.
|
|
|
|
| axon [0K-s8n] {axon} | Part of a nerve cell that conducts nerve impulses away from the cell body.
|
|
|
|
| ayurveda [i-yur-VE-då] | Holistic alternative medicine system originally from India.
|
|
|
|
| azoospermia [a-zo-o-SP1R-me-å] {azoospermia} | Semen without living sperm.
|
|
|
|
| azotemia [åz-o-TE-me-å] {azoemia} | See uremia.
|
|
|
|
| Babinski's [bå-B2N-skes] reflex | Reflex on the plantar surface of the foot.
|
|
|
|
| bacilli (sing., bacillus) [bå-S2L-I (bå-S2L-9s)] {bacillo} | A type of bacteria.
|
|
|
|
| bacterial endocarditis | Bacterial inflammation of the inner lining of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| bacterial meningitis [m6n-7n-JI-t7s] | Meningitis caused by a bacteria; pyrogenic meningitis.
|
|
|
|
| balanitis [bål-å-NI-t7s] {balanitis} | Inflammation of the glans penis.
|
|
|
|
| balloon catheter dilation | Insertion of a balloon catheter into a blood vessel to open the passage so blood can flow freely.
|
|
|
|
| balloon valvuloplasty [V0L-vyu-lo-PL0S-te] | Procedure that uses a balloon catheter to open narrowed orifices in cardiac valves.
|
|
|
|
| barium [B0-re-9m] | Contrast medium that shows up as white on an x-ray.
|
|
|
|
| Bartholin's [B0R-tho-l6nz] gland | One of two glands on either side of the vagina that secrete fluid into the vagina.
|
|
|
|
| basal cell carcinoma [BA-sål s6l kår-s7n-O-må] | Slow-growing cancer of the basal cells of the epidermis, usually a result of sun damage.
|
|
|
|
| basal ganglia [BA-sål G0NG-gle-å] | Large masses of gray matter within the cerebrum.
|
|
|
|
| base [bas] {base} | Bottom section of the lung.
|
|
|
|
| basophil [BA-so-f7l] {basófilo} | Leukocyte containing heparin and histamine.
|
|
|
|
| basophilia [ba-so-F2L-e-å] {basofilia} | Condition with an increased number of basophils in the blood.
|
|
|
|
| behavior modification | Substitution of a beneficial behavior pattern for a destructive behavior pattern.
|
|
|
|
| behavior therapy | Therapy that includes the use of behavior modification.
|
|
|
|
| Bell's palsy [P0WL-ze] | Paralysis of one side of the face; usually temporary.
|
|
|
|
| benign [b6-NIN] | Encapsulated; not malignant.
|
|
|
|
| beta [BA-tå] blocker | Agent that lowers blood pressure by reducing contraction strength of the heart muscle; slows heartbeat.
|
|
|
|
| beta [BA-tå] cells | Specialized cells that produce insulin in the pancreas.
|
|
|
|
| beta rays | Type of radioactive particles that have a medium ability to penetrate the body.
|
|
|
|
| bicuspid [bi-K4S-p7d] | Fourth and fifth tooth from the median of the jawline with two cusps.
|
|
|
|
| bicuspid [bi-K4S-p7d] valve | Atrioventricular valve on the left side of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| bile [bil] {bilis} | Yellowish-brown to greenish fluid secreted by the liver and stored in the gallbladder; aids in fat digestion.
|
|
|
|
| bilirubin [b7l-7-RU-b7n] {bilirubina} | Substance produced in the liver; elevated levels may indicate liver disease or hepatitis when found in urine; pigment contained in bile.
|
|
|
|
| Billroth's [B2LL-r8ths] I | Excision of the pylorus.
|
|
|
|
| Billroth's II | Resection of the pylorus with the stomach.
|
|
|
|
| biochemistry panel | Common group of automated tests run on one blood sample.
|
|
|
|
| bioelectromagnetic-based therapy | Type of energy therapy using electromagnetic fields.
|
|
|
|
| biofeedback [bi-o-FED-båk] | Method of measuring physical responses to emotional issues.
|
|
|
|
| biofield therapy | Type of energy therapy that attempts to affect energy fields.
|
|
|
|
| biological therapy | Treatment of cancer with agents from the body that increase immune response.
|
|
|
|
| biologically-based therapy | The use of foods, herbs, vitamins, and minerals to heal or prevent disease.
|
|
|
|
| biopsy [BI-8p-se] {biopsia} | Excision of tissue for microscopic examination.
|
|
|
|
| bipolar [bi-PO-lår] disorder | Condition with drastic mood swings over a period of time.
|
|
|
|
| birth control pills or implants | Medication that controls the flow of hormones to block ovulation.
|
|
|
|
| birthmark | Lesion (especially a hemangioma) visible at or soon after birth; nevus.
|
|
|
|
| B lymphocytes [L2M-fo-sits], B cells | Lymphocyte that manufactures antibodies.
|
|
|
|
| black lung | See anthracosis.
|
|
|
|
| blackhead {punto negro} | See comedo.
|
|
|
|
| bladder [BL0D-6r] {vejiga} | Organ where urine collects before being excreted from the body.
|
|
|
|
| bladder cancer | Malignancy of the bladder.
|
|
|
|
| blepharitis [bl6f-å-RI-t7s] {blefaritis} | Inflammation of the eyelid.
|
|
|
|
| blepharochalasis [bl6f-å-ro-K0L-a-s7s] | Loss of elasticity of the eyelid.
|
|
|
|
| blepharoplasty [BL1F-å-ro-plåst-e] | Surgical repair of the eyelid.
|
|
|
|
| blepharoptosis [bl6f-å-R3P-to-s7s] | Drooping of the eyelid.
|
|
|
|
| blepharospasm [BL1F-å-ro-spåzm] | Involuntary eyelid movement; excessive blinking.
|
|
|
|
| blindness {ceguera} | Loss or absence of vision.
|
|
|
|
| blood [bl9d] {sangre} | Essential fluid made up of plasma and other elements that circulates throughout the body (arteries, veins, capillaries, and heart); delivers nutrients to and removes waste from the body's cells.
|
|
|
|
| blood chemistry | Test of plasma for presence of a particular substance such as glucose.
|
|
|
|
| blood culture | Test of a blood specimen in a culture medium to observe for particular microorganisms.
|
|
|
|
| blood indices [IN-di-sez] | Measurement of the characteristics of red blood cells.
|
|
|
|
| blood pressure | Measure of the force of blood surging against the walls of the arteries.
|
|
|
|
| blood sugar, blood glucose | Test for glucose in blood.
|
|
|
|
| blood [bl9d] system | Body system that includes blood and all its component parts.
|
|
|
|
| blood types or groups | Classification of blood according to its antigen and antibody qualities.
|
|
|
|
| blood vessel | Any of the tubular passageways in the cardiovascular system through which blood travels.
|
|
|
|
| body {cuerpo} | Middle portion of the uterus; middle section of the stomach.
|
|
|
|
| body-based therapy | See manipulative therapy.
|
|
|
|
| bone {hueso} | Hard connective tissue that forms the skeleton of the body.
|
|
|
|
| bone grafting | Transplantation of bone from one site to another.
|
|
|
|
| bone head | Upper, rounded end of a bone.
|
|
|
|
| bone marrow biopsy | Extraction of bone marrow, by means of a needle, for observation.
|
|
|
|
| bone marrow transplant | Injection of donor bone marrow into a patient whose diseased cells have been killed through radiation and chemotherapy.
|
|
|
|
| bone phagocyte [F0G-o-sit] | Bone cell that ingests dead bone and bone debris.
|
|
|
|
| bone scan | Radiographic or nuclear medicine image of a bone.
|
|
|
|
| bony necrosis [BON-e n6-KRO-s7s] | Death of portions of bone.
|
|
|
|
| bowel [b8w-l] {intestino} | Intestine.
|
|
|
|
| Bowman's capsule | Capsule surrounding a glomerulus and serving as a collection site for urine.
|
|
|
|
| braces [BRA-s6z] | Appliances that straighten teeth slowly.
|
|
|
|
| brachytherapy [brak-e-THAR-å-pe] | Implanting of radioactive elements directly into a tumor or tissue.
|
|
|
|
| bradycardia [brad-e-K0R-de-å] {bradicardia} | Heart rate of fewer than 60 beats per minute.
|
|
|
|
| bradypnea [brad-7p-NE-å] {bradipnea} | Abnormally slow breathing.
|
|
|
|
| brain [bran] {cerebro} | Body organ responsible for controlling the body's functions and interactions with outside stimuli.
|
|
|
|
| brain contusion [k8n-TU-sh9n] | Bruising of the surface of the brain without penetration.
|
|
|
|
| brainstem {tronco encefálico} | One of the four major divisions of the brain; division that controls certain heart, lung, and visual functions.
|
|
|
|
| brand name | See trade name.
|
|
|
|
| breech [brech] | Birth canal position with feet or buttocks first.
|
|
|
|
| bridge [br7dj] | Partial that is attached to other teeth.
|
|
|
|
| Bright's disease | Inflammation of the glomeruli that can result in kidney failure.
|
|
|
|
| bronchial alveolar lavage [BR3NG-ke-ål ål-VE-o-lår lå-V0ZH] | Retrieval of fluid for examination through a bronchoscope.
|
|
|
|
| bronchial brushing | Retrieval of material for biopsy by insertion of a brush through a bronchoscope.
|
|
|
|
| bronchiole [BR3NG-ke-ol] {bronquiolo} | Fine subdivision of the bronchi made of smooth muscle and elastic fibers.
|
|
|
|
| bronchitis [br8ng-KI-t7s] {bronquitis} | Inflammation of the bronchi.
|
|
|
|
| bronchodilators [br8ng-ko-di-LA-torz] | Agents that dilate the walls of the bronchi.
|
|
|
|
| bronchography [br8ng-K3G-rå-fe] {broncografía} | Radiological picture of the trachea and bronchi.
|
|
|
|
| bronchoplasty [BR3NG-ko-plås-te] | Surgical repair of a bronchus.
|
|
|
|
| bronchoscope [BR3NG-ko-skop] {broncoscopio} | Device used to examine airways.
|
|
|
|
| bronchospasm [BR3NG-ko-spåzm] {broncoespasmo} | Sudden contraction in the bronchi that causes coughing.
|
|
|
|
| bronchus (pl., bronchi) [BR3NG-k9s (BR3NG-ki)] {bronquio} | One of the two airways from the trachea to the lungs.
|
|
|
|
| bruit [bru-E] {ruido} | Sound or murmur, especially an abnormal heart sound heard on auscultation, especially of the carotid artery.
|
|
|
|
| brush biopsy | The passing of a catheter with bristles into the ureter to gather cells for examination.
|
|
|
|
| buccally [BUK-ål-le] | Inside the cheek.
|
|
|
|
| bulbourethral [B4L-bo-yu-RE-thrål] gland | See Cowper's gland.
|
|
|
|
| bulimia [bu-LEM-e-å] | Eating disorder with bingeing and purging.
|
|
|
|
| bulimia nervosa [BU-lem-e-å, BU-l7m-e-å n6r-VO-så] | Eating disorder with extreme overeating followed by purging.
|
|
|
|
| bulla (pl., bullae) [B4L-å (B4L-i)] {bulla} | Bubble-like blister on the surface of the skin.
|
|
|
|
| bundle of His [h7z, h7s] | See atrioventricular bundle.
|
|
|
|
| bunion [B4N-y9n] {bunio} | An inflamed bursa at the foot joint, between the big toe and the first metatarsal bone.
|
|
|
|
| bunionectomy [b9n-y9n-1K-to-me] {bunionectomía} | Removal of a bunion.
|
|
|
|
| burn {quemadura} | Damage to the skin caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or other skin irritants; bubble-like blister on the surface of the skin caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, electricity, radiation, or other skin irritants.
|
|
|
|
| bursa (pl., bursae) [B4R-så (B4R-se)] {bursa} | Sac lined with a synovial membrane that fills the spaces between tendons and joints.
|
|
|
|
| bursectomy [b9r-S1K-to-me] {bursectomía} | Removal of a bursa.
|
|
|
|
| bursitis [b9r-SI-t7s] {bursitis} | Inflammation of a bursa.
|
|
|
|
| bypass | A structure (usually a vein graft) that creates a new passage for blood to flow from one artery to another artery
or part of an artery; used to create a detour around blockages in arteries.
|
|
|
|
| calcaneus [kål-KA-ne-9s] {calcáneo} | Heel bone.
|
|
|
|
| calcar [K0L-kår] {calcar} | Spur.
|
|
|
|
| calcitonin [kål-s7-TO-n7n] {calcitonia} | Hormone secreted by the thyroid gland and other endocrine glands; helps control blood calcium levels.
|
|
|
|
| calcium [K0L-se-9m] {calcio} | Mineral important in the formation of bone.
|
|
|
|
| calcium channel blocker | Medication that lessens the ability of calcium ions to enter heart and blood vessel muscle cells; used to lower blood pressure and normalize some arrhythmias.
|
|
|
|
| calices, calyces (sing., calix, calyx) [K0L-7-sez (K0-l7ks)] {calices, sing., cáliz} | Cup-shaped structures in the renal pelvis for the collection of urine.
|
|
|
|
| callus [K0L-9s] {callo} | Mass of hard skin that forms as a cover over broken skin on certain areas of the body, especially the feet and hands.
|
|
|
|
| CAM | Complementary and alternative medicine.
|
|
|
|
| cancellous [K0N-s6-l9s] bone {canceloso} | Spongy bone with a latticelike structure.
|
|
|
|
| candidiasis [kån-d7-DI-å-s7s] {candidiasis} | Yeastlike fungus on the skin, caused by Candida; characterized by pruritus, white exudate, peeling, and easy bleeding; examples are thrush and diaper rash.
|
|
|
|
| canine [KA-nin] | Cuspid.
|
|
|
|
| capillary [K0P-7-lår-e] {capilar} | A tiny blood vessel that forms the exchange point between the arterial and venous vessels.
|
|
|
|
| carbon dioxide (CO2) {dióxido de carbono} | Waste material transported in the venous blood.
|
|
|
|
| carbuncle [K0R-b9ng-kl] {carbunco} | Infected area of the skin producing pus and usually accompanied by fever.
|
|
|
|
| carcinoma in situ [kår-s7-NO-må 7n SI-tu] | Localized malignancy that has not spread; contained at a site without spreading.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac arrest | Sudden stopping of the heart; also called asystole.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac catheterization [kåth-6-t6r-i-ZA-sh9n] | Process of passing a thin catheter through an artery or vein to the heart to take blood samples, inject a contrast medium, or measure various pressures.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac cycle | Repeated contraction and relaxation of the heart as it circulates blood within itself and pumps it out to the rest of the body or the lungs.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac enzyme tests/studies | Blood tests for determining levels of enzymes during a myocardial infarction; serum enzyme tests.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac MRI | Viewing of the heart by magnetic resonance imaging.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac [K0R-de-åk] muscle | Striated involuntary muscle of the heart.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac scan | Process of viewing the heart muscle at work by scanning the heart of a patient into whom a radioactive substance has been injected.
|
|
|
|
| cardiac tamponade [tåm-po-N0D] | Compression of the heart caused by fluid accumulation in the pericardial sac.
|
|
|
|
| cardiomyopathy [K0R-de-o-mi-3P-å-the] {cardiomiopatía} | Disease of the heart muscle.
|
|
|
|
| cardiopulmonary [K0R-de-o-P4L-mo-n6r-e] bypass | Procedure used during surgery to divert blood flow to and
from the heart through a heart-lung machine and back
into circulation.
|
|
|
|
| cardiotonic [K0R-de-o-T3N-7k] | Medication for congestive heart failure; increases the force of contractions of the myocardium.
|
|
|
|
| cardiovascular [K0R-de-o-V0S-kyu-lår] | Relating to or affecting the heart and blood vessels.
|
|
|
|
| cardiovascular [K0R-de-o-V0S-kyu-lår] system | Body system that includes the heart and blood vessels; circulatory system.
|
|
|
|
| caries [K0R-ez] | Tooth decay.
|
|
|
|
| carotid [kå-R3T-7d] artery | Artery that transports oxygenated blood to the head and neck.
|
|
|
|
| carpal [K0R-pål] tunnel syndrome | Pain and paresthesia in the hand due to repetitive motion injury of the median nerve.
|
|
|
|
| carpus, carpal [K0R-p9s, K0R-pål] bone | Wrist; wrist bone.
|
|
|
|
| cartilage [K0R-t7-låj] {cartílago} | Flexible connective tissue found in joints, fetal skeleton, and the lining of various parts of the body.
|
|
|
|
| cartilaginous [kår-t7-L0J-7-n9s] disk | Thick, circular mass of cartilage between the vertebrae of the spinal column.
|
|
|
|
| casting {colado} | Forming of a cast in a mold; placing of fiberglass or plaster over a body part to prevent its movement.
|
|
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|
| castration [kås-TRA-sh9n] {castración} | Removal of the testicles.
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| casts | Materials formed in urine when protein accumulates; may indicate renal disease.
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| CAT (computerized axial tomography) scan | Scan that shows images as detailed slices of a body part or organ.
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| catalepsy [K0T-å-l6p-se] | Trancelike state with holding of one pose for a long period of time.
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| cataract [K0T-å-råkt] {catarata} | Cloudiness of the lens of the eye.
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| catecholamines [kåt-6-KOL-å-menz] {catecolaminas} | Hormones, such as epinephrine, released in response to stress.
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| cathartic [kå-TH0R-t7k] | Agent that induces vomiting; also a strong laxative for emptying the bowels.
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| cauterization [kåw-t6r-i-ZA-sh9n] {cauterización} | Removal or destruction of tissue using chemicals or devices, such as laser-guided equipment.
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| cauterize [K0W-t6r-iz] {cauterizar} | To apply heat to an area to cause coagulation and stop bleeding.
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| cauterizing [K0W-t6r-iz-7ng] | Destroying tissue by burning.
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| cavity [K0V-7-te] | Tooth decay.
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| cecum [SE-k9m] {ciego} | Pouch at the top of the large intestine connected to the bottom of the ileum.
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| cell [s6l] | Smallest unit of a living structure.
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| cell body | Part of a nerve cell that has branches or fibers that reach out to send or receive impulses.
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| cell-mediated immunity | Resistance to disease mediated by T cells.
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| cellulitis [s6l-yu-LI-t7s] {celulitis} | Severe inflammation of the dermis and subcutaneous portions of the skin, usually caused by an infection that enters the skin through an opening, such as a wound; characterized by local heat, redness, pain, and swelling.
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| cementum [se-M1N-t9m] | Bony material surrounding the root of the tooth.
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| central incisor | Tooth on either side of the center jawline.
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| central nervous system | The brain and spinal cord.
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| cerebellitis [s6r-6-b6l-I-t7s] {cerebelitis} | Inflammation of the cerebellum.
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| cerebellum [s6r-6-B1L-9m] | One of the four major divisions of the brain; division that coordinates musculoskeletal movement.
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| cerebral angiogram | X-ray of the brain's blood vessels after a dye is injected.
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| cerebral cortex [S1R-6-brål KOR-t6ks] | Outer portion of the cerebrum.
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| cerebral infarction [S1R-6-brål 7n-F0RK-sh9n] | See cerebrovascular accident.
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| cerebral palsy [S1R-6-brål P0WL-ze] | Congenital disease caused by damage to the cerebrum during gestation or birth and resulting in lack of motor coordination.
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| cerebrospinal [S1R-e-bro-spi-nål] fluid (CSF) | Watery fluid that flows throughout the brain and around the spinal cord.
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| cerebrovascular [S1R-e-bro-V0S-kyu-lår] accident (CVA) | Neurological incident caused by disruption in the normal blood supply to the brain; stroke.
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| cerebrum [S1R-6-br9m, s6-RE-br9m] {cerebrum} | One of the four major divisions of the brain; division involved
with emotions, memory, conscious thought, moral behavior,
sensory interpretations, and certain bodily movement.
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| cerumenous [s6-RU-m7n-9s] glands | Glands that secrete a waxy substance on the surface of the ear.
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| cervical [S1R-v7-kl] vertebrae | Seven vertebrae of the spinal column located in the neck.
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| cervicitis [s6r-v7-SI-t7s] | Inflammation of the cervix.
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| cervix [S1R-v7ks] {cervix} | Protective part of uterus, located at the bottom and protruding through the vaginal wall; contains glands that secrete fluid into the vagina.
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| cesarean [s6-ZA-re-ån] section | Surgical removal of the fetus through the abdomen.
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| chalazion [kå-LA-ze-8n] {chalazión} | Nodular inflammation that usually forms on the eyelid.
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| chancroids [SH0NG-kr8yds] | Bacterial infection that can be sexually transmitted; results in sores on the penis, urethra, or anus.
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| cheeks {carrillos} | Walls of the oral cavity.
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| cheilitis [ki-LI-t7s] {queilitis} | Inflammation of the lips.
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| cheiloplasty [KI-lo-plås-te] | Repair of the lips.
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| chemistry profile | See blood chemistry.
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| chemotherapy [KE-mo-TH0R-å-pe] | Treatment of cancer that uses drugs or chemicals to destroy malignant cells.
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| cherry angioma [ån-je-O-må] | A dome-shaped vascular angioma lesion that usually occurs in the elderly.
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| Cheyne-Stokes respiration [chan stoks r6s-p7-RA-sh9n] | Irregular breathing pattern with a period of apnea followed
by deep, labored breathing that becomes shallow, then
apneic.
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| chiropractic [ki-ro-PR0K-t7k] | Therapy based on alignment of the body (particularly the spine).
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| chiropractor [ki-ro-PR0K-tor] {quiropráctico} | Health care professional who work to align the spinal column so as to treat certain ailments.
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| chlamydia [klå-M2D-e-å] {clamidia} | Sexually transmitted bacterial infection affecting various parts of the male or female reproductive systems; the bacterial agent itself.
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| chloasma [klo-0Z-må] {cloasma} | Group of fairly large, pigmented facial patches, often associated with pregnancy.
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| cholangiography [ko-lån-je-3G-rå-fe] | X-ray of the bile ducts.
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| cholangitis [ko-lån-JI-t7s] {colangitis} | Inflammation of the bile ducts.
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| cholecystectomy [KO-le-s7s-T1K-to-me] | Removal of the gallbladder.
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| cholecystitis [KO-le-s7s-TI-t7s] {colecistitis} | Inflammation of the gallbladder.
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| cholecystography [ko-le-s7s-T3G-rå-fe] {colecistografía} | X-ray of the gallbladder.
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| choledocholithotomy [ko-L1D-o-ko-l7-TH3T-o-me] | Removal of stones from the common bile duct.
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| cholelithiasis [KO-le-l7-THI-å-s7s] | Gallstones in the gallbladder.
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| cholelithotomy [KO-le-l7-TH3T-o-me] | Removal of gallstones.
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| cholelithotripsy [ko-le-L2TH-o-tr7p-se] | Breaking up or crushing of stones in the body, especially gallstones.
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| cholesteatoma [ko-l6s-te-å-TO-må] | Fatty cyst within the middle ear.
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| cholesterol [ko-L1S-t6r-ol] {colesterol} | Fatty substance present in animal fats; cholesterol circulates in the bloodstream, sometimes causing arterial plaque to form.
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| chondromalacia [K3N-dro-må-LA-she-å] {condromalacia} | Softening of cartilage.
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| chorion [KO-re-8n] {corion} | Outermost membrane of the sac surrounding the fetus during gestation.
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| choroid [KO-r8yd] {coroides} | Thin posterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.
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| chronic bronchitis | Recurring or long-lasting bouts of bronchitis.
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| chronic obstructive pulmonary disease | Disease of the bronchial tubes or lungs with chronic obstruction.
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| chyme [kim] {quimo} | Semisolid mass of partially digested food and gastric juices that passes from the stomach to the small intestine.
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| cicatrix [S2K-å-tr7ks] {cicatriz} | Growth of fibrous tissue inside a wound that forms a scar; also, general term for scar.
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| cilia [S2L-e-å] | Hairlike extensions of a cell's surface that usually provide some protection by sweeping foreign particles away.
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| ciliary [S2L-e-år-e] body | Thick anterior membrane in the middle layer of the eye.
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| cineradiography [S2N-e-ra-de-3G-rå-fe] | Radiography of tissues or organs in motion.
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| circumcision [s6r-k9m-S2ZH-9n] {circuncisión} | Removal of the foreskin.
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| cirrhosis [s7r-RO-s7s] {cirrosis} | Liver disease, often caused by alcoholism.
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| clamps [klåmps] | Implement used to grasp a body part during surgery.
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| claudication [klåw-d7-KA-sh9n] {claudicación} | Limping caused by inadequate blood supply during activity; usually subsides during rest.
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| clavicle [KL0V-7-kl] {clavicula} | Curved bone of the shoulder that joins to the scapula; collar bone.
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| climacteric [kli-M0K-ter-7k] {climaterio} | Period of hormonal changes just prior to menopause.
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| clitoris [KL2T-o-r7s] {clítoris} | Primary organ of female sexual stimulation, located at the top of the labia minora.
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| closed | Performed without an incision.
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| closed fracture | Fracture with no open skin wound.
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| coagulant [ko-0G-yu-l6nt] | Clotting agent.
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| coagulation [ko-åg-yu-LA-sh9n] {coagulación} | Changing of a liquid, especially blood, into a semi-solid.
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| coarctation [ko-årk-TA-sh9n] of the aorta | Abnormal narrowing of the aorta.
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| cobalt [KO-båwlt] | Radioactive substance used in radiation therapy.
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| coccyx [K3K-s7ks] {cóccix} | Small bone consisting of four fused vertebrae at the end of the spinal column; tailbone.
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| cochlea [K3K-le-å] {caracol} | Snail-shaped structure in the inner ear that contains the organ of Corti.
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| coitus [KO-i-t9s] {coito} | Sexual intercourse.
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| cold sore | Eruption around the mouth or lips; herpes simplex virus Type 1.
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| colectomy [ko-L1K-to-me] {colectomía} | Removal of the colon.
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| colic [K3L-7k] {cólico} | Gastrointestinal distress, especially of infants.
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| colitis [ko-LI-t7s] {colitis} | Inflammation of the colon.
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| collagen [K3L-lå-j6n] {colágeno} | Major protein substance that is tough and flexible and that forms connective tissue in the body.
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| Colles' [kolz] fracture | Fracture of the lower end of the radius.
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| colon [KO-l8n] {colon} | Major portion of the large intestine.
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| colonoscopy [ko-l8n-3S-ko-pe] {colonoscopia} | Examination of the colon using an endoscope.
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| colostomy [ko-L3S-to-me] {colostomía} | Creation of an opening from the colon into the abdominal wall.
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| colposcopy [k8l-P3S-ko-pe] | Examination of the vagina with a colposcope.
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| coma [KO-må] {coma} | Abnormally deep sleep with little or no response to stimuli.
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| comedo (pl., comedos, comedones) [KOM-e-do, ko-ME-do (KOM-e-doz, ko-me-DO-n6z)] | Open hair follicle filled with bacteria and sebum; common in acne; blackhead.
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| comminuted [K3M-7-nu-t6d] fracture | Fracture with shattered bones.
|
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| compact bone | Hard bone with a tightly woven structure.
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| complementary medicine | A nonconventional medical practice used in combination with conventional medicine.
|
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| complete blood count (CBC) | Most common blood test for a number of factors.
|
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| complex fracture | Fracture with part of the bone displaced.
|
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| complicated fracture | Fracture involving extensive soft tissue injury.
|
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| compound fracture | Fracture with an open skin wound; open fracture.
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| compression fracture | Fracture of one or more vertebrae caused by compressing of the space between the vertebrae.
|
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|
|
| computerized (axial) tomography (CT or CAT) scan | Radiographic imaging that produces cross-sectional images.
|
|
|
|
| concussion [k8n-K4SH-9n] {concusión} | Brain injury due to trauma.
|
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|
|
| condom [K3N-d8m] {condón} | Contraceptive device consisting of a rubber or vinyl sheath placed over the penis or as a lining that covers the vaginal canal that blocks contact between the sperm and the female sex organs.
|
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|
| condom catheter [K0TH-6-t6r] | Disposable catheter for urinary sample collection or incontinence.
|
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|
| conduction system | Part of the heart containing specialized tissue that sends charges through heart fibers, causing the heart to contract and relax at regular intervals.
|
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|
| conductivity [k8n-d9k-T2V-7-te] {conductividad} | Ability to transmit a signal.
|
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| condyle [K3N-dil] | Rounded surface at the end of a bone.
|
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| condyloma [k8n-d7-LO-må] {condiloma} | Growth on the external genitalia.
|
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|
| cones [konz] {conos} | Specialized receptor cells in the retina that perceive color and bright light.
|
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|
| congenital [k8n-J1N-7-tål] heart disease | Heart disease (usually a type of malformation) that exists at birth.
|
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|
| congestive [k8n-J1S-t7v] heart failure | Inability of the heart to pump enough blood out during the cardiac cycle; collection of fluid in the lungs results.
|
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|
|
| conization [ko-ni-ZA-sh9n] {conización} | Removal of a cone-shaped section of the cervix for examination.
|
|
|
|
| conjunctiva (pl., conjunctivae) [k8n-J4NK-t7-vå (k8n-J4NKt7-ve)] {conjuntiva} | Mucous membrane lining the eyelid.
|
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|
|
| conjunctivitis [k8n-j9nk-t7-VI-t7s] {conjuntivitis} | Inflammation of the conjunctiva of the eyelid.
|
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|
| connective [k8n-N1K-t7v] tissue | Fibrous substance that forms the body's supportive framework.
|
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|
|
| constipation [k8n-st7-PA-sh9n] {constipación} | Difficult or infrequent defecation.
|
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|
| constriction [k8n-STR2K-sh9n] {constricción} | Compression or narrowing caused by contraction, as of a vessel.
|
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| contact lenses | Corrective lenses worn on the surface of the eye.
|
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|
| contraception [k8n-trå-S1P-sh9n] {anticoncepción} | Method of controlling conception by blocking access or interrupting reproductive cycles; birth control.
|
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|
| contracture [k8n-TR0K-chur] | Extreme resistance to the stretching of a muscle.
|
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|
| contraindicated [k8n-trå-7n-d7-KA-t6d] | Inadvisable to use; said especially of a drug that might cause complications when used in combination with other drugs or when used on a patient with a particular set of symptoms.
|
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| convolutions [k8n-vo-LU-sh9nz] {circunvolución} | Folds in the cerebral cortex; gyri.
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| copulation [k8p-yu-LA-sh9n] {copulación} | Sexual intercourse.
|
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|
| cordotomy [k8r-D3T-o-me] {cordotomía} | Removing part of the spinal cord.
|
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| corium [KO-re-9m] {corium} | See dermis.
|
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| corn {callo} | Growth of hard skin, usually on the toes.
|
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| cornea [KOR-ne-å] {cornea} | Transparent anterior section of the eyeball that bends light in a process called refraction.
|
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| coronal [KOR-o-nål] plane | Imaginary line that divides the body into anterior and posterior positions.
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| coronary angioplasty | See angioplasty.
|