The following summarizes what a student should have learned from reading this chapter of A History of Western Art.

It is assumed that students can identify all works by title, artist (if known), culture (or nationality) and time period, medium, and style. It is also assumed that students will look up and be able to define the bolded key terms. In addition, further examples of what a student should be familiar with are listed below.

After reading Chapter 31, you should be able to do the following:

1. Discuss what is meant by “return to Realism.”
2. Describe examples of innovation and continuity in the works illustrated.
3. Compare Gilbert and George with Joseph Beuys.
4. Discuss features of Hanson’s Cowboy.
5. Compare the New York Guggenheim with the Whitney.
6. Discuss the museum as a context for art.
7. Compare installation art with performance art.
8. Describe Post-Modernism.
9. Explain the construction of the geodesic dome.
10. Compare the Louvre Pyramid with the Giza pyramids.
11. Compare Judy Chicago’s feminist iconography with the work of Frida Kahlo.
12. Discuss the issue of government funding and censorship.
13. Discuss the influence of photography and video on the art of the late twentieth century.