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| 1 | |
Erin is participating in a game show in which she must decide which of two equally valuable prizes she would like to receive for winning the game. She has to make her decision within ten seconds, or she will receive a less desirable gift chosen by the show's producers. To make this decision, Erin should rely on |
| | A) | heuristics. |
| | B) | algorithms. |
| | C) | syllogisms. |
| | D) | base rates. |
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| 2 | |
Why does the availability heuristic not guarantee that a correct decision will be made? |
| | A) | It does not process information about rare events. |
| | B) | It ignores probabilistic information that could lead to accuracy. |
| | C) | It is based on selective recall of information in memory. |
| | D) | It triggers internal rather than external attributions. |
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| 3 | |
Heuristics will be most useful for which of the following people? |
| | A) | Katrina, who must choose the correct answer on a multiple-choice exam. |
| | B) | Neil, who has several days to make a decision about which company to join. |
| | C) | Naomi, who must infer a general rule from a set of propositions. |
| | D) | Olin, who wants to make the easiest decision about which job to take. |
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| 4 | |
In this interactivity, you were asked to recall the estimate of the number of men and women based on their level of celebrity. The typical results from such a task show that |
| | A) | as the number of non-famous people on the list increases, people overestimate the number of famous people. |
| | B) | as the number of famous people on the list increases, people overestimate the number of non-famous people. |
| | C) | the ratio of famous to non-famous people influences subject's estimates on this task. |
| | D) | the ratio of famous to non-famous people has little influence on subject's estimates on this task. |
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| 5 | |
The letter 'k' appears more often in the third position of words ('rake') than in the first position ('king'). However, many people easily recall words that begin with the letter 'k', and they overestimate the frequency of such words. Their estimate has been affected by the |
| | A) | availability heuristic. |
| | B) | linguistic heuristic. |
| | C) | base rate algorithm. |
| | D) | means-end algorithm. |
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