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| 1 | |
The chapter introduction tells the story of clockmaker Chauncey Jerome to make the point that |
| | A) | clocks both made possible and symbolized the organized routines of an industrialized society. |
| | B) | Jerome's rise and fall was made possible by the opportunities offered in a national market economy that bound Americans together in complex and specialized ways. |
| | C) | the intricate but comprehensible mechanism of a clock was to become the favorite metaphor for an age that believed human reason could discern the workings of natural law and apply those discoveries to improving the material conditions of life. |
| | D) | Jerome exemplifies the exploited urban laborer who becomes a helpless victim of the forces of rapid and relentless industrialization. |
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| 2 | |
The story of John Burrows makes the point that |
| | A) | merchants in cities had a substantial advantage over merchants in more remote areas. |
| | B) | potato farming was a risky business in the early nineteenth century. |
| | C) | a market economy required efficient communications, as well as rapid methods of transporting goods. |
| | D) | a market economy could not function based on water transportation alone. |
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| 3 | |
The Erie Canal |
| | A) | was made financially feasible by the development of the steamboat. |
| | B) | connected the Hudson and Ohio rivers. |
| | C) | never repaid the original public investment, but stimulated migration and economic growth. |
| | D) | raised New York City to commercial dominance and stimulated canal construction by other cities and states. |
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| 4 | |
Taken as a body of legal doctrine, the rulings of the Marshall Court created a climate of business confidence by |
| | A) | enlarging federal power at the expense of the states. |
| | B) | expanding individual economic rights by limiting government's role in stimulating the economy. |
| | C) | protecting minority groups against the abuse of power by majorities. |
| | D) | protecting property and contract rights while limiting state interference in business affairs. |
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| 5 | |
Corporations were an advantageous form for an expanding economy for all of the following reasons EXCEPT that |
| | A) | contracts with state governments could be later altered by the state legislature. |
| | B) | they continued beyond the lives of the individuals who created them. |
| | C) | they provided a way to pool investors' resources to raise capital for large-scale projects. |
| | D) | None of these is correct, as all are reasons corporations were advantageous. |
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| 6 | |
Europeans especially noted what tendency in American life? |
| | A) | There was an emphasis on motion and speed that pervaded every aspect of life, even eating. |
| | B) | There was a tendency for native-born Americans to stay east of the Appalachians, while immigrants settled in the new western lands. |
| | C) | Americans tended to be rooted to a particular place, despite geographic mobility. |
| | D) | Americans tended to be religious and other-worldly, despite rapid economic growth. |
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| 7 | |
The factory system began in which industry? |
| | A) | textiles |
| | B) | shoemaking |
| | C) | firearms |
| | D) | iron production |
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| 8 | |
The model factory community at Lowell |
| | A) | emphasized profits over all else. |
| | B) | relied primarily on child labor. |
| | C) | employed the daughters of New England farm families. |
| | D) | housed their workers in family units. |
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| 9 | |
Factory workers had a difficult time adjusting to |
| | A) | the wages of factory work. |
| | B) | the disciplined work routine. |
| | C) | working alongside women. |
| | D) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 10 | |
The national market economy created a society that was more differentiated and specialized, which, in turn, led to |
| | A) | specialized labor unions that grew most rapidly in the depression of the late 1830s. |
| | B) | an increased pride in craftsmanship that became more important than just sheer productivity. |
| | C) | greater extremes of wealth, with those at the top controlling a greater share. |
| | D) | a class of newly rich, that mostly came from lower-class farm-family backgrounds. |
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| 11 | |
Sam Patch jumped off waterfalls |
| | A) | to advertise tourist attractions. |
| | B) | as a form of protest against declining respect for skilled labor. |
| | C) | in hopes of landing a job. |
| | D) | All these answers are correct. |
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| 12 | |
Economic specialization meant that women |
| | A) | made more of their families' clothes than ever before. |
| | B) | began buying manufactured cloth rather than making their own. |
| | C) | began doing more agricultural work to compensate for the loss of their traditional duties within the home. |
| | D) | began having more babies to compensate for the loss of their traditional duties within the home. |
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| 13 | |
That Americans accepted social mobility, materialism, and other values of a market economy can be seen in an emerging middle class |
| | A) | drawn largely from those engaged in the mechanical trades. |
| | B) | who built neighborhoods near their places of employment in the new urban business districts. |
| | C) | whose income and wealth quickly rose to the levels of the very wealthy. |
| | D) | whose members judged success and status in terms of consumption and possessions. |
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| 14 | |
The experience of Kingston, New York, reveals |
| | A) | how the existence of a transportation network could significantly alter the fortunes of a town. |
| | B) | the dangers of segregating residential areas along class lines. |
| | C) | the importance of farming in the market economy. |
| | D) | the transformations of the Second Great Awakening. |
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| 15 | |
The Panic of 1819 was so significant because |
| | A) | the nation had never before experienced economic hard times. |
| | B) | in reaction, land prices rose to speculative heights. |
| | C) | the increasing influence of the market economy meant it affected city and farm dwellers alike. |
| | D) | it prompted a frenzy of canal building. |
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