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GENERAL BIBLIOGRAPHY

This is a select bibliography, emphasizing book-length studies and special issues. The emphasis falls on historical research, with secondary emphasis on film criticism or theoretical inquiry. Most of the works listed are comprehensible to the nonspecialist. Each chapter's online Notes and Queries and Further Reading sections supply additional bibliographical information about particular topics.

General Reference Works

Abel, Richard, ed. Encyclopedia of Early Cinema. New York: Routledge, 2005.
Atkins, Robert. Artspeak: A Guide to Contemporary Ideas, Movements, and Buzzwords. New York: Abbeville, 1989.
Cowie, Peter, ed. International Film Guide. London: Tantivy; later, Variety, Inc., 1964–present.
The Film Daily Yearbook of Motion Pictures (Initially Wid's Year Book). New York: Film Daily, 1918–1969.
The Film/Literature Index. Albany: Filmdex, 1973–present.
Gerlach, John, C., and Lana Gerlach. The Critical Index: A Bibliography of Articles on Film in English, 1946–1973, Arranged by Names and Topics. New York: Teachers College Press, 1974.
The International Index of Film Periodicals. Brussels: International Federation of Film Archives, 1972–present.
Katz, Ephriam. The Film Encyclopedia. New York: Crowell, 1979.
Konigsberg, Ira. The Complete Film Dictionary. New York: New American Library, 1987.
Labarrère, André Z. Atlas du cinéma. Paris: Livre de poche, 2002.
Lyon, Christopher. The International Dictionary of Films and Filmmakers. 4 vols. Chicago: St. James Press, 1984.
MacCann, Richard Dyer, and Edward S. Perry. The New Film Index: A Bibliography of Magazine Articles in English, 1930–1970. New York: Dutton, 1975.
The Motion Picture Almanac. New York: Quigley, 1933–present.
Passek, Jean-Loup, ed. Dictionnaire du cinéma. 2nd ed. Paris: Larousse, 1991.
Reimer, Robert C. and Carol J. Historical Dictionary of German Cinema. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2008.
Unterburger, Amy L. The St. James Women Filmmakers Encyclopedia. Farmington Hills, MI: Visible Ink, 1999.
Vincent, Carl. General Bibliography of Motion Pictures. Rome: Ateneo, 1953.
Workers of the Writers' Program of the Work Projects Administration in the City of New York. The Film Index: A Bibliography. Vol. 1: The Film as Art. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1941. Vol. 2: The Film as Industry. White Plains, NY: Kraus, 1985. Vol. 3: Film in Society. White Plains, NY: Kraus, 1985.

Historiography

Allen, Robert C., and Douglas Gomery. Film History: Theory and Practice. New York: Random House, 1985.
Benjamin, Richard Martin, ed. "Inside the Film Archive: Practice, Theory, Canon." Issue of Stanford Humanities Review 7, 2 (1999).
Bordwell, David. On the History of Film Style. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1997.
Cherchi Usai, Paolo. Silent Cinema: An Introduction. London: British Film Institute, 2000.
———, ed. "Film Preservation and Film Scholarship." Special issue of Film History 7, no. 3 (autumn 1995).
Herbert, Stephen, ed. "Film Museums." Issue of Film History 18, 3 (2006).
Houston, Penelope. Keepers of the Frame: The Film Archives. London: British Film Institute, 1994.
Lagny, Michèle. De l'histoire: Méthode historique et histoire du cinéma. Paris: Colin, 1992.
Nissen, Dan et al., eds. Preserve Then Show. Copenhagen: Danish Film Institute, 2002.
Pierce, David. "The Legion of the Condemned: Why American Silent Films Perished." Film History 9, no. 1 (1997): 3–22.
Sadoul, Georges. "Materiaux, méthodes et problèmes de l'histoire du cinéma." In his Histoire du cinéma mondial des origines à nos jours. 9th ed. Paris: Flammarion, 1972, pp. v-xxix.
Sklar, Robert, and Charles Musser, eds. Resisting Images: Essays on Cinema and History. Philadelphia: Temple University Press, 1990.
Smither, Roger and Catherine A. Surowiec, eds. This Film Is Dangerous: A Celebration of Nitrate Film. Brussels: FIAF, 2002.

World Cinema Surveys

Armes, Roy. Third World Filmmaking and the West. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1987.
Cousins, Mark. The Story of Film: A Worldwide History. New York: Thunder's Mouth, 2004.
Grieveson, Lee and Kramer, Peter, eds. The Silent Film Reader. London: Routledge, 2004.
Hjort, Mette and Duncan Petrie, eds. The Cinema of Small Nations. Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2007.
Kindem, Gorham, ed. The International Movie Industry. Southern Illinois University Press, 2000.
Luhr, William, ed. World Cinema since 1945. New York: Ungar, 1987.
Nowell-Smith, Geoffrey, ed. The Oxford History of World Cinema. New York: Oxford University Press, 1996.
Pratt, George, ed. Spellbound in Darkness: A History of the Silent Film. Rev. ed. Greenwich, CT: New York Graphic Society, 1973.
Sadoul, Georges. Histoire du cinéma mondial des origines à nos jours. 9th ed. Paris: Flammarion, 1972.
———. Histoire générale du cinéma. Vols. 1–4, 6. Paris: Denoël, 1946–1975.
Salt, Barry. Film Style and Technology: History and Analysis. 2d. ed. London: Starword, 2003.
Scheugl, Hans, and Ernst Schmidt, Jr. Eine Subgeschichte des Films Lexikon des Avantgarde-, Experimental- und Undergroundfilms. 2 vols. Frankfurt: Suhrkamp, 1974.

Regional and National Cinemas

Apart from the works listed here, an excellent set of national cinema histories has been published in the French series "Cinéma/pluriel" by the Pompidou Center under the general editorship of Jean-Loup Passek. Volumes are devoted to Armenia, Australia, Brazil, Canada, Soviet Central Asia, China, Cuba, Czech Republic/Slovakia, Denmark, the Republic of Georgia, Germany (1913–1933), Hungary, India, Italy (1905–1945), Korea, Mexico, Poland, Portugal, Russia and the USSR, Scandinavia, Turkey, and Yugoslavia.

Africa

Reference Works

Les Cinémas d'Afrique: Dictionnaire. Paris: Karthala, 2000.
Russell, Sharon A. Guide to African Cinema. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1998.
Shiri, Keith, ed. Directory of African Film-Makers and Films. London: Flicks, 1992.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Bachy, Victor. Pour une histoire du cinéma africain. Brussels: OCIC, 1987.
Diawara, Manthia. African Cinema: Politics and Culture. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992.
FEPACI. Africa and the Centenary of Cinema. Paris: Présence Africain, 1995.
Givanni, June, ed. Symbolic Narratives/ African Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 2000.
Schmidt, Nancy J. Sub-Saharan African Films and Filmmakers. Bloomington: Indiana University African Studies Program, 1986.
Slattery, Margaret, ed. Modern Days, Ancient Nights: Thirty Years of African Filmmaking. New York: Film Society of Lincoln Center, 1993.
Ukadike, Nwachukwu Frank. Black African Cinema. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1994.

Figures and Personalities

Petty, Sheila, ed. A Call to Action: The Films of Ousmane Sembene. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1996.
Gadjigo, Samba et al. Ousmane Sembène: Dialogues with Critics and Writers. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press, 1993.
Signate, Ibrahima. Med Hondo: Un cinéaste rebelle. Paris: Présence Africaine, 1994.

Central and South America

Reference Works

Barnard, Timothy, and Peter Rist, eds. South American Cinema: A Critical Bibliography 1915–1994. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1998.
Plazola, Luis Trelles, South American Cinema: Dictionary of Film Makers. Rio Pideras: University of Puerto Rico, 1989.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Chanan, Michael. Chilean Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1974.
———. The Cuban Image. London: British Film Institute, 1985.
Dennison, Stephanie and Lisa Shaw. Popular Cinema in Brazil. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 2004.
Finkielman, Jorge. The Film Industry in Argentina: An Illustrated Cultural History. Jefferson, NC: Scarecrow, 2004.
Johnson, Randal. The Film Industry in Brazil: Culture and the State. Pittsburgh: University of Pittsburgh Press, 1987.
Johnson, Randal, and Robert Stam, eds. Brazilian Cinema. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1982.
King, John, Magical Reels: A History of Cinema in Latin America. London: Verso, 1990.
King, John, and Nissa Torrents, eds. The Garden of Forking Paths: Argentine Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1987.
Schnitman, Jorge A. Film Industries in Latin America: Dependency and Development. Norwood, NJ: Ablex, 1984.

Figures and Personalities

King, John, Sheila Whitaker, and Rosa Bosch, eds. An Argentine Passion: María Luisa Bemberg and Her Films. London: Verso, 2000.
Rocha, Glauber. Le Siècle du cinema. Paris: Magic Cinema, 2006.

East Asia and Pacific Region

Reference Works

Charles, John. The Hong Kong Filmography, 1977–1997. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2000.
Clements, Jonathan, and Helen McCarthy. The Anime Encyclopedia: A Guide to Japanese Animation Since 1917. Berkeley: Stone Bridge, 2001.
Galbraith IV, Stuart. The Toho Studios Story: A History and Complete Filmography. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2008.
Jacoby, Alexander. A Critical Handbook of Japanese Film Directors from the Silent Era to the Present Day. Berkeley, CA: Stone Bridge Press, 2008.
Jihua, Cheng, Li Shaobai, and Xing Zuwen. "Chinese Cinema: Catalogue of Films, 1905–1937." Griffithiana 54 (October 1995): 4–91.
Marion, Donald J. The Chinese Filmography: The 2444 Feature Films Produced by Studios in the People's Republic of China from 1949 through 1995. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1997.
Zhang, Yingjin, and Zhiwei Xiao, eds. Encyclopedia of Chinese Film. New York: Routledge, 1998.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Anderson, Joseph, and Donald Richie. The Japanese Film: Art and Industry. Expanded ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1982.
Bernardi, Joanne. Writing in Light: The Silent Scenario and the Japanese Pure Film Movement. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 2001.
Buehrer, Beverly Bare. Japanese Films: A Filmography and Commentary, 1921–1989. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1990.
Burch, Noël. To the Distant Observer: Form and Meaning in the Japanese Cinema. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1978.
Clark, Paul. Chinese Cinema: Culture and Politics since 1949. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1987.
Dennis, Jonathan, and Jan Beringa, eds. Film in Aotearoa New Zealand. Wellington, New Zealand: Victoria University Press, 1992.
Dermody, Susan, and Elizabeth Jacka. The Screening of Australia: Anatomy of a National Cinema. 2 vols. Sydney: Currency, 1988.
Eleftheriotis, Dimitris and Gary Needham, eds. Asian Cinemas: A Reader and Guide. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2006.
Fu, Poshek and David Desser, eds. The Cinema of Hong Kong: History, Arts, Identity. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000.
Hunt, Leon. Kung Fu Cult Masters. London: Wallflower, 2003.
Law Kar and Frank Bren. Hong Kong Cinema: A Cross-Cultural View. Lanham, MD: Scarecrow, 2004.
Lee Young-il, Choe Young-chol. The History of Korean Cinema. Trans. Richard Lynn Greever. Seoul: Jimoondang, 1988.
Grossman, Andrew, ed. Queer Asian Cinema: Shadows in the Shade. New York: Haworth, 2000.
Lent, John A., ed. The Asian Film Industry. London: Helm, 1990.
Lu, Sheldon Hsiao-Peng, ed. Transnational Chinese Cinemas: Identity, Nationhood, Gender. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 1997.
Lu, Sheldon H., and Emilie Yueh-yu Yeh, eds. Chinese-Language Film: Historiography, Poetics, Politics. Honolulu: University of Hawai'i Press, 2005.
McCarthy, Helen. Manga Manga Manga: A Celebration of Japanese Animation at the ICA Cinema. London: Institute for Contemporary Art, 1992.
Noletti, Arthur, and David Desser, eds. Reframing Japanese Cinema: Authorship, Genre, History. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992.
Nornes, Abé Mark. Japanese Documentary Film: The Meiji Era through Hiroshima. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press, 2003.
Rayns, Tony, ed. Eiga: 25 Years of Japanese Cinema. Edinburgh: Film Festival, 1984.
Rayns, Tony, and Scott Meek, eds. Electric Shadows: 45 Years of Chinese Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1980.
Reid, Nicholas. A Decade of New Zealand Film: Sleeping Dogs to Came a Hot Friday. Dunedin: John McIndoe, 1986.
Richie, Donald. A Hundred Years of Japanese Film. New York: Kodansha, 2001.
Schilling, Mark. The Yakuza Movie Book: A Guide to Japanese Gangster Films. Berkeley: Stone Bridge Press, 2003.
Shirley, Graham, and Brian Adams. Australian Cinema: The First Eighty Years. Sydney: Angus and Robertson, 1983.
Silver, Alain. The Samurai Film. South Brunswick, NJ: Barnes, 1977.
Standish, Isolde. A New History of Japanese Cinema: A History of Narrative Film. New York: Continuum, 2005.
Teo, Stephen. Hong Kong Cinema: The Extra Dimension. London: British Film Institute, 1997.
Uhde, Jan, and Yvonne Ng Uhde. Latent Images: Film in Singapore. Singapore: Oxford University Press, 2000.
Vick, Tom. Asian Cinema: A Field Guide. Washington DC: Smithsonian, 2007.
Zhang, Yingjin. Chinese National Cinema. New York: Routledge, 2004.

Figures and Personalities

Bock, Audie. Japanese Film Directors. New York: Kodansha, 1978.
Bordwell, David. Ozu and the Poetics of Cinema. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1988.
Danvers, Louis, and Charles Tatum, Jr. Nagisa Oshima. Paris: Cahiers du Cinéma, 1986.
König, Regula, and Marianne Lewinsky, eds. Keisuke Kinoshita. Locarno: Editions de Festival International du Film, 1986.
McDonald, Keiko. Mizoguchi. Boston: Twayne, 1984.
Morton, Lisa. The Cinema of Tsui Hark. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2001.
Noletti, Arthur. The Cinema of Gosho Heinosuke: Laughter through Tears. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 2005.
Quandt, James, ed. Kon Ichikawa. Toronto: Cinémathèque Ontario, 2001.
Richie, Donald. Ozu: His Life and Films. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1974.
Russell, Catherine. The Cinema of Naruse Mikio: Women and Japanese Modenity. Durham, NC: Duke University Press, 2008.
Sato, Tadao. Kenji Mizoguchi and the Art of Japanese Cinema. Trans. Brij Tankha. Oxford: Berg, 2008.

Europe and the United Kingdom

Reference Works

Balski, Grzegorz. Directory of Eastern European Film-Makers and Films, 1945–1991. London: Flicks, 1992.
Elsaesser, Thomas, and Michael Wedel, eds. The BFI Companion to German Cinema. London: British FilmI Institute, 1999.\
Gifford, Denis. The British Film Catalogue 1895–1985: A Reference Guide. Newton Abbott, England: David & Charles, 1986.
Koliodimos, Dimitris. The Greek Filmography, 1914 through 1996. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1999.
Stewart, John. Italian Film: A Who's Who. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1994.
Taylor, Richard, Nancy Wood, Julian Graffy, and Dina Iordanova. The BFI Companion to Eastern European and Russian Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 2000.
Vincendeau, Ginette, ed. Encyclopedia of European Cinema. New York: Facts on File, 1995.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Andrew, Dudley. Mists of Regret: Culture and Sensibility in Classic French Film. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1995.
Barr, Charles, ed. All Our Yesterdays: 40 Years of British Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1986.
Bertellini, Giorgio, ed. "Early Italian Cinema." Special issue of Film History 11, no. 3 (2000).
Billard, Pierre. L'Age classique du cinéma français: Du cinéma parlant à la Nouvelle Vague. Paris: Flammarion, 1995.
Bondanella, Peter. Italian Cinema from Neorealism to the Present. New York: Ungar, 1983.
Bonnell, René. Le Cinéma exploité. Paris: Seuil, 1978.
Chanan, Michael. The Dream That Kicks: The Prehistory and Early Years of Cinema in Britain. 2nd. ed. New York: Routledge, 1996.
Conway, Kelley. The Chanteuse in the City: The Realist Singer in French Film. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2004.
Cornwell, Regina. The Other Side: European Avant-Garde Cinema 1960–1980. New York: American Federation of the Arts, 1983.
Courtade, Françis. Les Malédictions du cinéma français: Une Histoire du cinéma français parlant (1928–1978). Paris: Moreau, 1978.
Cowie, Peter. Swedish Cinema. London: Tantivy, 1966.
Crisp, Colin. The Classic French Cinema, 1930–1960. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1993.
Curran, James, and Vincent Porter, eds. British Cinema History. London: Weidenfeld and Nicolson, 1983.
Davay, Paul. Cinéma de Belgique. Gembloux: Duculot, 1973.
Dickinson, Margaret, and Sarah Street. Cinema and State: The Film Industry and the British Government 1927–1984. London: British Film Institute, 1985.
D'Lugo, Marvin. Guide to the Cinema of Spain. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 1997.
Dyer, Richard, and Ginette Vincendeau, eds. Popular European Cinema. London: Routledge, 1992.
Egorova, Tatiana. Soviet Film Music: An Historical Survey. Trans. Tatiana A. Ganf and Natalia A.
Elsaesser, Thomas. European Cinema: Face to Face with Hollywood. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam Press, 2005.
--------. New German Cinema: A History. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1989.
———, ed. A Second Life: German Cinema's First Decades. Amsterdam: University of Amsterdam Press, 1996.
--------. Weimar Cinema and After: Germany's Historical Imaginary. London: Routledge, 2000.
Flitterman-Lewis, Sandy. To Desire Differently: Feminism and the French Cinema. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1990.
Frayling, Christopher. Spaghetti Westerns; Cowboys and Europeans from Karl May to Serigo Leone. London: Routledge, 1981.
Frodon, Jean-Michel. L'Age moderne du cinéma français: De la Nouvelle Vague à nos jours. Paris: Flammarion, 1995.
German Experimental Films from the Beginnings to the 1970s. Munich: Goethe Institute, 1981.
Gili, Jean A. La Comédie italienne. Paris: Veyrier, 1983.
Hagener, Malte. Moving Forward, Looking Back: The European Avant-Garde and the Invention of Film Culture 1919-1939. Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2007.
Haltof, Marek. Polish National Cinema. New York: Berghan, 2002.
Hayward, Susan, and Ginette Vincendeau, eds. French Film: Texts and Contexts. London: Routledge, 1990.
Higginbotham, Virginia. Spanish Film under Franco. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1988.
Kenez, Peter. Cinema and Soviet Society: From the Revolution to the Death of Stalin. London/New York: I. B. Tauris, 2001.
Koszarski, Richard, ed. "William K. Everson and the British Cinema." Issue of Film History 15, 3 (2003).
Kreimeier, Klaus. The UFA Story: A History of Germany's Greatest Film Company. Trans. Robert and Rita Kimber. New York: Hill and Wang, 1996.
Lanzoni, Rémi Fournier. French Cinema from Its Beginnings to the Present. New York: Continuum, 2002.
Lawton, Anna, ed. The Red Screen: Politics, Society, Art in Soviet Cinema. New York: Routledge, 1992.
Leprohon, Pierre. The Italian Cinema. Trans. Roger Greaves and Oliver Stallybrass. New York: Praeger, 1972.
Leyda, Jay. Kino: A History of the Russian and Soviet Film. 3rd ed. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1983.
Liehm, Mira. Passion and Defiance: Film in Italy from 1942 to the Present. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1984.
Liehm, Mira, and Antonin J. Liehm. The Most Important Art: Soviet and Eastern European Film after 1945. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1977.
"Lightning Images: Société Eclair 1907–1920." Special issue of Griffithiana 47 (May 1993).
Low, Rachel. The History of the British Film. 6 vols. London: Allen & Unwin, 1948–1979.
Marcus, Millicent. Italian Film in the Light of Neorealism. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1986.
Michalek, Boleslaw, and Frank Turaj. The Modern Cinema of Poland. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1988.
Minden, Michael, and Holger Bachmann, eds. Fritz Lang's Metropolis: Cinematic Visions of Technology and Fear. Rochester: Camden House, 200.
Montebello, Fabrice. Le Cinéma en France depuis les années 1930. Paris: Colin, 2005.
Neergaard, Ebbe. The Story of Danish Film. Copenhagen: The Danish Institute, 1963.
Nemeskurty, István. A Short History of the Hungarian Cinema. Budapest: Corvina, 1980.
O'Pray, Michael, ed. The British Avant-Garde Film 1926 to 1995. London: Arts Council of England, 1996.
Park, James. British Cinema: The Lights That Failed. London: Batsford, 1990.
Prédal, René. Le Cinéma français depuis 1945. Paris: Nathan, 1991.
———. 50 ans de cinéma français. Paris: Nathan, 1996.
Rimberg, John David. The Motion Picture in the Soviet Union: 1918–1952. New York: Arno, 1973.
Roberts, Graham. Forward Soviet! History and Non-fiction Film in the USSR. London: Tauris, 1999.
Rockett, Kevin, Luke Gibbons, and John Hill. Cinema and Ireland. Syracuse: Syracuse University Press, 1988.
Sabria, Jean-Charles. Cinéma français: Les Années 50. Paris: Pompidou Center, 1987.
Press, 1989.
Silberman, Marc. German Cinema: Texts in Context. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995.
Slater, Thomas J. Handbook of Soviet and East European Films and Filmmakers. New York: Greenwood, 1992.
Sobansky, Oscar. Polish Feature Films: A Reference Guide 1945–1985. West Cornwall, CT: Locust Hill, 1987.
Street, Sarah. British National Cinema. London/New York: Routledge, 1997.
Swedish Avantgarde Film 1924–1990. New York: Anthology Film Archives, 1991.
Taylor, Richard, and Ian Christie, eds. The Film Factory: Russian and Soviet Cinema in Documents 1896–1939. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1988.
Temple, Michael and Witt, Michael, eds. The French Cinema Book. London: BFI, 2004.
Thompson, Kristin. "Early Alternatives to the Hollywood Mode of Production: Implications for Europe's Avant-gardes." Film History 5, no. 4 (December 1993): 386–404.
Vincendeau, Ginette. Stars and Stardom in French Cinema. London/New York: Continuum, 2000.
Williams, Alan. Republic of Images: A History of French Filmmaking. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1992.
Woll, Josephine. Real Images: Soviet Cinema and the Thaw. London: Tauris, 2000.
Widdis, Emma. Visions of a New Land: Soviet Film from the Revolution to the Second World War. New Haven: Yale University Press, 2003.

Figures and Personalities

Aranda, Francisco. Luis Buñuel: A Critical Biography. Trans. and ed., David Robinson. London: Secker and Warburg, 1975.
Arnaud, Phillippe, ed. Sacha Guitry, cinéaste. Crisnee, Belgium: Editions Yellow Now, 1993.
Aumont, Jacques, ed. Jean Epstein: Cinéaste, poète, philosophe. Paris: Cinémathèque française, 1998.
Bachy, Victor. Alice Guy-Blaché (1873–1968): La première femme cinéaste du monde. Perpignan: Institut Jean Vigo, 1993.
Bellour, Raymond, ed. Jean-Luc Godard: Son + Image. New York: Museum of Modern Art, 1992.
Bendazzi, Gianalbert, ed. Alexeieff: Itinerary of a Master. Paris: Dreamland, 2001.
Bertin, Celia. Jean Renoir: A Life in Pictures. Trans. Mireille Muellner and Leonard Muellner. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, 1991.
Bordwell, David. The Cinema of Eisenstein. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 1993.
———. The Films of Carl-Theodor Dreyer. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1981.
Brody, Richard. Everything Is Cinema: The Working Life of Jean-Luc Godard. New York: Metropolitan, 2008.
Brownlow, Kevin. David Lean. New York: St. Martin's, 1996.
Bulgakowa, Oksana. Sergei Eisenstein: A Biography. Trans. Anne Dwyer. Berlin: Potemkin Press, 2001.
Cazals, Patrick. Serguei Paradjanov. Paris: Cahiers du Cinéma, 1993.
De Baecque, Antoine, and Serge Toubiana. Truffaut: A Biography. Trans. Catherine Temerson. New York: Knopf, 1999.
Drum, Jean and Dale D. Drum. My Only Great Passion: The Life and Films of Carl Th. Dreyer. Lanham MO: Scarecrow, 2000.
Dunne, Nathan, ed. Tarkovsky. London: Black Dog, 2008.
Fraigneau, André. Cocteau on the Film: Conversations with Jean Cocteau. Trans. Vera Traill. New York: Dover, 1972.
Goodwin, James. Eisenstein, Cinema, and History. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1993.
Hardt, Ursula. From Caligari to California: Eric Pommer's Life in the International Film Wars. Providence/Oxford: Berghahn Books, 1996.
Insdorf, Annette. François Truffaut. New York: Morrow, 1979.
MacCabe, Colin. Godard: A Portrait of the Artist at Seventy. New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2004.
McMahaon, Alison. Alice Guy Blaché: Lost Visionary of the Cinema. New York: Continuum, 2002.
Prinzler, Hans Helmut, and Enno Patalas, eds. Lubitsch. Munich: C. J. Bucher, 1984.
Renoir, Jean. My Life and My Films. Trans. Norman Denny. New York; Atheneum, 1974.
Rentschler, Eric, ed. The Films of G. W. Pabst: An Extraterritorial Cinema. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1990.
Seton, Marie. Sergei M. Eisenstein. London: John Lane, The Bodley Head, 1952.
Tarkovsky, Andrey. Sculpting in Time: Reflections on the Cinema. Trans. Kitty Hunter-Blair. London: Faber, 1989.
Temple, Michael, James S. Williams, Michael Witt, eds. For Ever Godard. London: Black Dog, 2004.
Turovskaya, Maya. Tarkovsky: Cinema as Poetry. London: Faber, 1989.
Van Cauwenberge, Geneviève. "Chris Marker and French Documentary Filmmaking: 1962–1982." Ph.D. dissertation, New York University, 1992.
Vincendeau, Ginette. Jean-Pierre Melville: An American in Paris. London: British Film Institute, 2003.

Middle East

Reference Works

"Les Cinémas arabes et Grand Maghreb." CinémAction 43 (1987).

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Dabashi, Hamid. Close-Up: Iranian Cinema Past, Present and Future. London: Verso, 2001.
Haghighat, Mamad. Histoire du cinéma iranien. Paris: Bibliothèque public d'information, 1999.
Hibon, Danièle, ed. Cinémas d'Israël. Paris: Galerie Nationale du Jeu de Paume, 1992.
Issari, M. Ali. Cinema in Iran, 1900–1979. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1989.
Kéy, Hormuz. Le cinéma iranien: L'image d'un societé en bouillonnement. Paris: Karthala, 1999.
Sadr, Hamid Reza. Iranian Cinema: A Political History. London: I. B. Tauris, 2006.
Shafik, Viola. Arab Cinema: History and Cultural Identity. 2d ed. Cairo: American University, 2007.
Shohat, Ella. Israeli Cinema: East/West and the Politics of Representation. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1989.
Thoraval, Yves. Regards sur le cinema égyptien. Paris: L'Harmattan, 1988.
"Youssef Chahine, l'Alexandrin." CinémAction 33 (1985).

North America

Reference Works

The American Film Institute Catalogue. Available online for period 1883-1972 at http://afi.chadwyck.com.ezproxy.library.wisc.edu/home; may require library access.

Print volumes include:
Film Beginnings, 1883–1910. 2 vols. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1995.
Feature Films, 1911–1920. 2 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
Feature Films, 1921–1930. 2 vols. New York: Bowker, 1971.
Feature Films, 1931–1940. 3 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1993.
Feature Films, 1941–1950. 3 vols. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1999.
Feature Films, 1961-1970. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.

Brown, Gene. Movie Time: A Chronology of Hollywood and the Movie Industry from Its Beginnings to the Present. New York: Macmillan, 1995.
Cáslavsk, Karel. "American Comedy Series: Filmographies 1914–1930." Griffithiana 51/52 (October 1994): 9–169.
Finler, Joel W. The Hollywood Story. 3 ed. London: Wallflower, 2003.
Lauritzen, Einar, and Gunnar Lundquist. American Film-Index 1908–1915. Stockholm: Film-Index, 1976.
———. American Film-Index 1916–1920. Stockholm: Film-Index, 1984.
Rist, Peter Harry. Guide to the Cinema(s) of Canada. Westport, CT: Greenwood, 2001.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Aberdeen, J. A. Hollywood Renegades: The Society of Independent Motion Picture Producers. Los Angeles: Cobblestone Entertainment, 2000.
Altman, Rick. The American Film Musical. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1987.
Amidi, Amid. Cartoon Modern: Style and Design in Fifties Animation. San Francisco: Chronicle, 2006.
Anderson, John. Sundancing: Hanging Out and Listening In at America's Most Important Film Festival. New York: Spike, 2000.
Balio, Tino, ed. The American Film Industry. 2nd ed. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1985.
---------. Grand Design: Hollywood as a Modern Business Enterprise 1930-1939. New York: Scribners, 1993.
———. Hollywood in the Age of Television. Boston: Unwin Hyman, 1990.
Barbas, Samantha. Movie Crazy: Fans, Stars, and the Cult of Celebrity. New York: Palgrave, 2001.
Bergan, Ronald. The United Artists Story. New York: Crown, 1986.
Bernardi, Daniel, ed. The Birth of Whiteness: Race and the Emergence of U. S. Cinema. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 1996.
Bogle, Donald. Toms, Coons, Mulattoes, Mammies, & Bucks: An Interpretive History of Blacks in American Films. 4th ed. New York: Continuum, 2001.
Bordwell, David. The Way Hollywood Tells It: Story and Style in Modern Movies. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2006.
Bordwell, David, Janet Staiger, and Kristin Thompson. The Classical Hollywood Cinema: Film Style and Mode of Production to 1960. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
Bowser, Eileen. The Transformation of Cinema 1907-1915. Vol. 2 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 1990.
Brownlow, Kevin. The Parade's Gone By. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1976.
Cook, David A. Lost Illusions: American Cinema in the Shadow of Watergate and Vietnam 1970-1979. Vol. 9 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 2000.
Crafton, Donald. Before Mickey: The Animated Film 1898–1928. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 1982.
--------. The Talkies: American Cinema's Transition to Sound 1926-1931. Vol. 4 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 1997.
Cripps, Thomas. Making Movies Black: The Hollywood Message Movie from World War II to the Civil Rights Era. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
———. Slow Fade to Black: The Negro in American Film, 1990–1942. New York: Oxford University Press, 1977.
Decherney, Peter. Hollywood and the Culture Elite: How the Movies Became American. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.
Dick, Bernard F. City of Dreams: The Making and Remaking of Universal Pictures. Lexington: University Press of Kentucky, 1997.
Eames, John Douglas. The MGM Story. New York: Crown, 1976.
———. The Paramount Story. New York: Crown, 1985.
Feldman, Seth. Take Two: A Tribute to Film in Canada. Toronto: Irwin, 1984.
Feldman, Seth, and Joyce Nelson, eds. Canadian Film Reader. Toronto: Peter Mastin, 1977.
Garcia, Roger, ed. Out of the Shadows: Asians in American Cinema. Locarno: International Film Festival, 2001.
Gomery, Douglas. The Hollywood Studio System: A History. London: British Film Institute, 2008.
———. Shared Pleasures: A History of Movie Presentation in the United States. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992.
Hershfield, Juanne, and David R. Maciel. Mexico's Cinema: A Century of Films and Filmmakers. Wilmington, DE: Scholarly Resources, 1999.
Hirsch, Foster. Detours and Lost Highways: A Map of Neo-Noir. New York: Limelight, 1999.
Hirschorn, Clive. The Columbia Story. New York: Crown, 1990.
———. The Universal Story. New York: Crown, 1983.
———. The Warner Bros. Story. New York: Crown, 1979.
"The History of Black Film." Black Film Review 7, no. 4 (1993).
Hollis, Richard, and Brian Sibley. The Disney Studio Story. New York: Crown, 1988.
Jacobs, Lea. The Decline of Sentiment: American Film in the 1920s. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2008.
James, David E. Allegories of Cinema: American Film in the Sixties. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1989.
---------. The Most Typical Avant-Garde: History and Geography of Minor Cinemas in Los Angeles. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
Jancovich, Mark. Rational Fears: American Horror in the 1950s. Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1996.
Jarvie, Ian. Hollywood's Overseas Campaign: The North Atlantic Movie Trade, 1920–1950. Cambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992.
Jewell, Richard B., and Vernon Harbin. The RKO Story. New York: Arlington House, 1982.
Kalinak, Kay. Settling the Score: Music and the Classical Hollywood Film. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 1992.
King, Geoff. New Hollywood Cinema: An Introduction. New York: Columbia University Press, 2002.
Koszarski, Richard. An Evening's Entertainment: The Age of the Silent Feature Picture 1915-1928. Vol. 3 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 1990.
Leff, Leonard J., and Jerold L. Simmons. The Dame in the Kimono: Hollywood Censorship and the Production Code from the 1920s to the 1960s. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1990.
Lev, Peter. The Fifties: Transforming the Screen 1950-1959. Vol. 7, History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 2000.
Lever, Yves. Histoire générale du cinéma au Québec. Montreal: Boréal, 1988.
Litman, Barry R. The Motion Picture Mega-Industry. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1998.
Maltby, Richard. Hollywood Cinema. 2d ed. Oxford: Blackwell, 2003.
Maltby, Richard, Melvyn Stokes, and Robert C. Allen, eds. Going to the Movies: Hollywood and the Social Experience of Cinema. Exeter: University of Exeter Press, 2007.
Maltin, Leonard. Of Mice and Magic: A History of American Animated Cartoons. New York: New American Library, 1980.
Merritt, Greg. Celluloid Mavericks: A History of American Independent Film. New York: Thunder's Mouth Press, 2000.
Mora, Carl J. Mexican Cinema: Reflections of a Society 1896–1988. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1989.
Musser, Charles. The Emergence of Cinema: The American Screen to 1907. Vol. 1 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 1990.
Neale, Steve, and Murray Smith, eds. Contemporary Hollywood Cinema. New York: Routledge, 1998.
Pitts, Michael R. Poverty Row Studios, 1929-1940: An Illustrated History of 55 Independent Film Companies, with a Filmography for Each. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1997.
Prince, Stephen. A New Pot of Gold: Hollywood under the Electronic Rainbow, 1980–1989. Vol. 10 in History of American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 2000.
Rampel, Ed. Progressive Hollywood: A People's Film History of the United States. New York: Disinformation, 2005.
Rose, Frank. The Agency: William Morris and the Hidden History of Show Business. New York: HarperCollins, 1995.
Ross, Steven J. Working-Class Hollywood: Silent Film and the Shaping of Class in America. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1998.
Schatz, Thomas. Boom and Bust: American Cinema in the 1940s. Vol. 6 in History of the American Cinema. New York: Scribners, 1997.
Segrave, Kerry. American Films Abroad: Hollywood's Domination of the World's Movie Screens. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1997.
Silver, Alain and Elizabeth Ward. Film Noir: An Encyclopedic Reference to the American Style. Woodstock, NY: Overlook, 1979.
Sitney, P. Adams. Visionary Film: The American Avant-Garde 1943–2000. 3rd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.
Sobchak, Vivian. Screening Space: The American Science Fiction Film. 2nd ed. New York: Ungar, 1987.
Solomon, Aubrey. Twentieth Century-Fox: A Corporate and Financial History. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1988.
Stempel, Tom. FrameWork: A History of Screenwriting in the American Film. New York: Continuum, 1988.
Thomas, Tony, and Aubrey Solomon. The Films of 20th Century-Fox. Secaucus, NJ: Citadel, 1979.
Ward, Richard Lewis. A History of the Hal Roach Studios. Carbondale: Southern Illinois University Press, 2005.
Thompson, Kristin. Exporting Entertainment: America in the World Film Market, 1907–1934. London: British Film Institute, 1985.
Wasson, Haidee. Museum Movies: The Museum of Modern Art and the Birth of Art Cinema. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2005.
Whittington, William. Sound Design and Science Fiction. Austin: University of Texas Press, 2007.

Figures and Personalities

Bacher, Lutz. Max Ophuls in the Hollywood Studios. New Brunswick: Rutgers University Press, 1996.
Baxter, John. Mythmaker: The Life and Work of George Lucas. New York: Spike, 1999.
Beauchamp, Cari. Without Lying Down: Frances Marion and the Powerful Women of Early Hollywood. New York: Scribner's, 1997.
Brakhage, Stan. Film at Wit's End: Eight Avant-Garde Filmmakers. Kingston, NY: McPherson, 1989.
Carney, Ray, ed. Cassavetes on Cassavetes. London: Faber, 2001.
Cherchi Usai, Paolo, ed. The Griffith Project. 10 vols. London: British Film Institute, 1999-2006.
Custen, George F. Twentieth Century's Fox: Darryl F. Zanuck and the Culture of Hollywood. New York: BasicBooks, 1997.
Dombrowski, Lisa. The Films of Samuel Fuller: If You Die, I'll Kill You! Middletown, CT: Wesleyan University Press, 2008.
Dumont, Hervé. Frank Borzage: The Life and Films of a Hollywood Romantic. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2008.
Fujiwara, Chris. Jacques Tourneur: The Cinema of Nightfall. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 1998.
Gallagher, Tag. John Ford: The Man and His Films. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1986.
Durgnat, Raymond, and Scott Simmon. King Vidor, American. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1988.
Eyman, Scott. Ernst Lubitsch: Laughter in Paradise. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1993.
Koszarski, Richard. Von: The Life and Films of Erich von Stroheim. New York: Limelight, 2001.
Lewis, Randall. Emile de Antonio: Radical Filmmaker in Cold War America. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press, 2000.
Louvish, Simon. Cecil B. DeMille: A Life in Art. New York: St. Martin's, 2007.
McBride, Joseph. Searching for John Ford: A Life. New York: St. Martin's Press, 2001.
----------. Steven Spielberg: A Biography. New York: Simon and Schuster, 1997.
McCarthy, Todd. Howard Hawks: The Grey Fox of Hollywood. New York: Grove Press, 1997.
Naremore, James. On Kubrick. London: British Film Institute, 2007.
Rabinovitz, Lauren. Points of Resistance: Women, Power and Politics in the New York Avant-Garde Cinema, 1943–71. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 1991.
Robinson, David. Chaplin: His Life and Art. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1985.
Rotha, Paul. Robert J. Flaherty: A Biography. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, 1983.
Sikov, Ed. On Sunset Boulevard: The Life and Times of Billy Wilder. New York: Hyperion, 1998.
Spoto, Donald. The Art of Alfred Hitchcock. Garden City: Doubleday, 1979.
Waldman, Harry. Maurice Tourneur: The Life and Films. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2001.

Southeast Asia

Reference Works

Banerjee, Shampa, and Anil Srivastava. One Hundred Indian Feature Films: An Annotated Filmography. New York: Garland, 1988.
Narwekar, Sanjit, ed. Directory of Indian Film-Makers and Films. Westport CT: Greenwood, 1994.
Rajadhyaksha, Ashish, and Paul Willeman, eds. Encyclopedia of Indian Cinema. 2nd ed. Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn, 1999.

Surveys, Periods, and Trends

Barnouw, Erik, and S. Krishnaswamy. Indian Film. 2nd ed. New York: Oxford University Press, 1980.
Chabria, Suresh, ed. Light of Asia: Indian Silent Cinema 1912–1934. Pordenone: Le Giornate del Cinema Muto, and New Delhi: National Film Archive of India, 1994.
Chakravarty, Sumitra S. National Identity in Indian Popular Cinema, 1947–1987. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1993.
Dwyer, Rachel and Divia Patel. Cinema India: The Visual Culture of Hindi Film. New Brunswick, N. J.: Rutgers University Press, 2002.
Gazdar, Mushtaq. Pakistan Cinema 1947-1997. Karachi: Oxford University Press, 1997.
Gokulsing, K. Mott, and Wimal Dissayanke. Indian Popular Cinema: A Narrative of Cultural Change. Stoke-on-Trent: Haffordshire, 1998.
Hanan, David. Film in South East Asia: View from the Region. Manila: SEAPAVAA, 2001.
Juin, Rikhab Dass. The Economic Aspects of the Film Industry in India. Delhi: Atma Ram, 1960.
Kabir, Nasreen Munni. Bollywood: The Indian Cinema Story. London: Channel 4, 2001.
Ramachandran, T. M., ed. Seventy Years of Indian Cinema (1913–1983). Bombay: Cinema India, 1983.
Thoraval, Yves. The Cinemas of India (1896–2000). New Delhi: Macmillan, 2000.
Vasudev, Aruna, ed. Frames of Mind: Reflections on Indian Cinema. New Delhi: UBS, 1995.
Vasudev, Aruna, and Philippe Leuglet, eds. Indian Cinema Superbazaar. Delhi: Vikas, 1983.
Willemen, Paul, and Behroze Gardhy, eds. Indian Cinema. London: British Film Institute, 1982.

Figures and Personalities

Dwyer, Rachel. Yash Chopra. London: British Film Institute, 2002.
Jain, Madhu. The Kapoors: The First Family of Indian Cinema. New Delhi: Penguin, 2005.
Kabir, Nasreen Munni. Guru Dutt: A Life in Cinema. New Delhi: Oxford University Press, 1996.


Genres, Movements, Technological Change, and Stylistic Trends

The Aurum Film Encyclopedia series, edited by Phil Hardy, has published reference volumes on horror, science fiction, and the Western. For studies of genres and trends specific to a nation or region, see the appropriate section above.
Altman, Rick. Film/Genre. London: British Film Institute, 1999.
--------. Silent Film Sound. New York: Columbia University Press, 2004.
Barsam, Richard M. Nonfiction Film: A Critical History. Rev. ed. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1992.
Beck, Jay and Tony Grajeda, eds. Lowering the Boom: Critical Studies in Film Sound. Urbana: University of Illinois Press, 2008.
Bendazzi, Giannalberto. Cartoons: One Hundred Years of Cinema Animation. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, 1995.
Brenez, Nicole, and Christian LeBrat, eds. Jeune, dure et pure! Une histoire du cinéma d'avant-garde et experimental en France. Paris: Cinémathèque française, 2001.
Brunet, Patrick J. Les Outils de l'image: Du cinématographe au caméscope. Montreal: Université de Montréal, 1992.
Coe, Brian. The History of Movie Photography. London: Ash and Grant, 1981.
Cook, Mervyn. A History of Film Music. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2008.
Crawford, Peter Ian, and David Turton, eds. Film as Ethnography. Manchester, England: Manchester University Press, 1992.
Dixon, Wheeler Winston, ed. Film Genre 2000. Albany: State University of New York Press, 2000.
Drummond, Philip, et al. Film as Film: Formal Experiment in Film, 1910–1975. London: Hayward Gallery, 1979.
Dyer, Richard. Now You See It: Studies on Lesbian and Gay Film. New York: Routledge, 1990.
Egunova. Australia: Harwood, 1997.
Enticknap, Leo. Moving Image Technology: From Zoetrope to Digital. London: Wallflower, 2005.
Gledhill, Christine, ed. Home Is Where the Heart Is: Studies in Melodrama and the Woman's Film. London: British Film Institute, 1987.
Green, Stanley. Encyclopedia of the Musical Film. New York: Oxford University Press, 1981.
Heider, Karl G. Ethnographic Film. Austin: University of Texas Press, 1976.
Hennebelle, Guy, and Raphael Bassan. Cinémas d'avant-garde: Expérimental et militant. CinémAction 10–11 (spring–summer 1980).
Jones, G. William. Black Cinema Treasures: Lost and Found. Denton: University of North Texas Press, 1991.
Kessler, Frank, and Nanna Verhoeff, eds. Networks of Entertainment: Early Film Distribution 1895-1915. Eastleigh, UK: John Libbey, 2007.
Kuhn, Annette, and Susannah Radstone, eds. Women in Film: An International Guide. New York: Fawcett Columbine, 1990.
Lamartine, Thérèse. Elles: Cinéastes ad lib 1895–1981. Paris: Remne-Ménage, 1985.
LeGrice, Malcolm. Experimental Cinema in the Digital Age. London: British Film Institute, 2001.
Lovell, Alan, and Jim Hillier. Studies in Documentary. New York: Viking, 1972.
Martin, Michael T. Cinemas of the Black Diaspora: Diversity, Dependence, and Oppositionality. Detroit: Wayne State University Press, 1995.
Meusy, Jean-Jacques, ed. Le CinémaScope entre art et industrie/ CinemaScope between Art and Industry. Paris: AFRHC, 2003.
Neale, Steve. Genre and Hollywood. New York: Routledge, 2000.
Noguez, Dominique. Éloge du cinéma expérimental: Définitions, jalons. Paris: Pompidou Center, 1979.
Pomerance, Murray, ed. Cinema and Modernity. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press, 2006.
Quart, Barbara Koenig. Women Directors: The Emergence of a New Cinema. New York: Praeger, 1988.
Rollwagen, Jack R., ed. Anthropological Filmmaking. Chur, Switzerland: Harwood, 1988.
Rubin, Martin. Thrillers. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1999.
Russett, Robert, and Cecile Starr. Experimental Animation: An Illustrated Anthology. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1976.
Russo, Vito. The Celluloid Closet: Homosexuality in the Movies. Rev. ed. New York: Harper & Row, 1981.
Salt, Barry. Moving into Pictures: More on Film History, Style, and Analysis. London: Starword, 2006.
Stauffacher, Frank, ed. Art in Cinema: A Symposium on the Avant-Garde Film together with Program Notes and References for Series One of Art in Cinema. San Francisco: San Francisco Museum of Art, 1947.
Tudor, Andrew. Monsters and Mad Scientists: A Cultural History of the Horror Movie. Oxford: Blackwell, 1989.
Waugh, Thomas, ed. "Show Us Life": Toward a History and Aesthetics of the Committed Documentary. Metuchen, NJ: Scarecrow, 1984.
Wees, William. Recycled Images: The Art and Politics of Found Footage Films. New York: Anthology Film Archives, 1993.
Weis, Elisabeth, and John Belton, eds. Film Sound: Theory and Practice. New York: Columbia University Press, 1985.
Weiss, Andrea. Vampires and Violets: Lesbians in the Cinema. London: Jonathan Cape, 1992.
West, David. Chasing Dragons: An Introduction to the Martial Arts Film. London: I. B. Tauris, 2006.







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