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Chapter Outline
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  1. Introduction
  2. Anatomical Review
    1. Bony Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    2. Bony Structures and Surface Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    3. Bony Structures and Surface Anatomy of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    4. Muscles of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
  3. Movement and Manual Muscle Testing of the Region
    1. Movements of the Region
    2. Passive Range of Motion
    3. Manual Muscle Testing
  4. Dermatomes for the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
  5. Trigger-Point Referral Patterns for Muscles of the Region
    1. Tibialis Anterior
    2. Peroneus Longus and Brevis
    3. Gastrocnemius
    4. Soleus
    5. Tibialis Posterior
    6. Extensor Digitorum Longus
    7. Extensor Hallucis Longus
    8. Flexor Digitorum Longus
    9. Flexor Hallucis Longus
    10. Extensor Digitorum Brevis and Abductor Hallucis
  6. Specifi c Conditions
    1. Lower Leg: Medial Tibial Stress
    2. Ankle: Achilles Tendonitis
    3. Tarsal Tunnel Syndrome
    4. Foot: Plantar Fasciitis
  7. Summary
  8. Review Questions
  9. Critical-Thinking Questions
  10. Quick Reference Tables
    1. Bony Structures of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    2. Soft Tissue Structures of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    3. Muscles of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    4. Trigger Points of the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot
    5. Orthopedic Tests for the Lower Leg, Ankle, and Foot





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