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| 1 | |
What separates one drainage basin from another? |
| | A) | High ground |
| | B) | Low ground |
| | C) | A stream |
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| 2 | |
What is the relationship between stream gradient and average stream velocity? |
| | A) | Both stream gradient and velocity decrease down stream |
| | B) | Both stream gradient and velocity increase down stream |
| | C) | Stream gradient increases while stream velocity decreases down stream |
| | D) | Stream gradient decreases while stream velocity increase down stream |
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| 3 | |
What is the correct order for where you would find stream deposits starting at the headwaters and going toward the mouth? |
| | A) | Gravel, sand, silt |
| | B) | Sand, silt, gravel |
| | C) | Silt, sand, gravel |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following statements about the wetted perimeter is true? |
| | A) | The larger the wetted perimeter the faster the velocity |
| | B) | The larger the wetted perimeter the greater the discharge |
| | C) | The smaller the wetted perimeter the faster the velocity |
| | D) | The smaller the wetted perimeter the greater the discharge |
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| 5 | |
What happens to the wetted perimeter of a stream during a flood? |
| | A) | It increases |
| | B) | It decreases |
| | C) | It stays the same |
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| 6 | |
A rapidly growing city within a humid climate zone experiences a land use change from predominantly cropland to mostly urban/suburban. A likely natural response would be: |
| | A) | Increased infiltration – reduced flooding |
| | B) | Reduced infiltration – increased flooding |
| | C) | Increased infiltration – increased flooding |
| | D) | Reduced infiltration – reduced flooding |
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| 7 | |
What is the longest river on Earth? |
| | A) | Mississippi |
| | B) | Nile |
| | C) | Colorado |
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| 8 | |
Where is the majority of the Earth's water? |
| | A) | Oceans |
| | B) | Atmosphere |
| | C) | Land |
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| 9 | |
Where does most evaporation of moisture to the atmosphere occur? |
| | A) | From the oceans |
| | B) | From vegetation on the land surface |
| | C) | From freshwater streams and lakes |
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| 10 | |
What happens to most of the water falling as precipitation? |
| | A) | It flows to streams as surface run-off |
| | B) | It enters the groundwater system |
| | C) | It returns to the atmosphere by evaporation and transpiration |
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| 11 | |
What is ultimate base level for most streams? |
| | A) | A lake |
| | B) | An ocean |
| | C) | A reservoir |
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| 12 | |
Besides the average precipitation, what determines the size of a stream? |
| | A) | The water velocity |
| | B) | The magnitude of the gradient |
| | C) | The drainage basin size |
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| 13 | |
Which type of stream pattern is similar to the pattern formed by tree branches? |
| | A) | Radial |
| | B) | Trellis |
| | C) | Dendritic |
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| 14 | |
Where is stream gradient usually greatest? |
| | A) | Headwaters |
| | B) | Mouth |
| | C) | Between the headwaters and the mouth |
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| 15 | |
What type of load are you observing when you see a muddy stream? |
| | A) | Bed load |
| | B) | Suspended load |
| | C) | Dissolved load |
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| 16 | |
Where are streams most common and why? |
| | A) | Southeast US; steepest slopes |
| | B) | Southeast US; greatest rainfall |
| | C) | Southwest US; steepest slopes |
| | D) | Southwest US; greatest rainfall |
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| 17 | |
How is stream discharge determined? |
| | A) | Depth x velocity |
| | B) | Depth x width |
| | C) | Depth x width x velocity |
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| 18 | |
Which of the following is most closely related to stream "stage"? |
| | A) | Velocity |
| | B) | Discharge |
| | C) | Depth |
| | D) | Width |
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| 19 | |
What is the average period of time that elapses between flood events of similar size? |
| | A) | Flood stage |
| | B) | Recurrence interval |
| | C) | Discharge interval |
| | D) | One year |
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| 20 | |
What factor causes the majority of flooding most Midwestern rivers (e.g., Ohio River)? |
| | A) | Long term rainfall |
| | B) | Brief, heavy storms |
| | C) | Rapid snow melt |
| | D) | Structural failures of dams |
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| 21 | |
Daily stream discharge rates are displayed on these plots. |
| | A) | Hydrographs |
| | B) | Recurrence interval graphs |
| | C) | Stream velocity graphs |
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| 22 | |
A stream with a rectangular cross section has a width of 10 feet and an average depth of 3 feet. The velocity of the water flowing through this segment of the stream is 2 feet per second. What is the discharge of the stream? |
| | A) | 15 ft3/second |
| | B) | 1 2/3 ft3/second |
| | C) | 30 ft3/second |
| | D) | 3/5 ft3/second |
| | E) | 6 2/3 ft3/second |
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| 23 | |
Which of the following factors will not play a role in the way rivers flow? |
| | A) | the underlying geologic structure of faults and or folds |
| | B) | the speed with which the water is flowing |
| | C) | dams along a stream channel |
| | D) | the resistance to erosion of the materials that make up the channel |
| | E) | all of the above factors influence the way rivers flow |
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| 24 | |
A _________ forms due to ____________. |
| | A) | Point Bar; river flow slowing down on the inside of meander bends, depositing sediments |
| | B) | Cut Bank; river flow speeding up on the outside of meander bends eroding sediments |
| | C) | Levee; river flow velocity decreases, depositing sediments near the channel margins as water spreads out over a floodplain during a flood |
| | D) | Oxbow lake; as rivers cut off segments of their channel creating curvy looking lakes. |
| | E) | All of the above could complete the statement so that it is true. |
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| 25 | |
The most common type of drainage basin pattern is _____ and it is usually associated with ______. |
| | A) | radial; low gradient streams |
| | B) | rectangular; sedimentary rocks |
| | C) | marginal; igneous and metamorphic rocks |
| | D) | dendritic; horizontal sedimentary rocks or sediments |
| | E) | trenched; faulted terrain |
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