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| 1 | |
Which set of seafloor features would you find across the Atlantic from North America to Europe? |
| | A) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, oceanic ridge and oceanic trench |
| | B) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, and oceanic trench |
| | C) | Continental shelf, oceanic ridge and oceanic trench |
| | D) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, oceanic ridge |
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| 2 | |
What happens to the density of seawater as salinity increases? |
| | A) | It increases |
| | B) | It decreases |
| | C) | It says the same |
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| 3 | |
Where would you find the largest difference in shallow and deep ocean temperatures? |
| | A) | High latitudes |
| | B) | Middle latitudes |
| | C) | Low latitudes |
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| 4 | |
Why are there deep currents? |
| | A) | Because of thermal differences |
| | B) | Because of salinity differences |
| | C) | Because of thermal and salinity differences |
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| 5 | |
Which wave will have the highest wave height? |
| | A) | High velocity winds, short fetch |
| | B) | Low velocity winds, long fetch |
| | C) | High velocity winds, long fetch |
| | D) | Low velocity winds, short fetch |
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| 6 | |
What happens to waves as they approach shore? |
| | A) | Wavelength decreases, wave height decreases |
| | B) | Wavelength decreases, wave height increases |
| | C) | Wavelength increases, wave height decreases |
| | D) | Wavelength increases, wave height increases |
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| 7 | |
Which scenario would be favorable to beach development? |
| | A) | Positive sediment budget |
| | B) | Negative sediment budget |
| | C) | Neutral sediment budget |
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| 8 | |
How would salinity of the oceans vary if the oceans were twice as deep as present and held approximately twice as much water? |
| | A) | Salinity would be less than present |
| | B) | Salinity would be greater than present |
| | C) | Salinity would be the same as present |
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| 9 | |
Ice sheets covered much of the Northern Hemisphere one million years ago during part of the last ice age. How did this affect the depth of water in the oceans? |
| | A) | Oceans were shallower than today |
| | B) | Oceans were deeper than today |
| | C) | Oceans were the same depth as today |
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| 10 | |
How did the oceans form? |
| | A) | Water came mostly from comets |
| | B) | Water came mostly from out-gassing |
| | C) | Water came equally from comets and out-gassing |
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| 11 | |
Where does the salt in the oceans come from? |
| | A) | Runoff from the continents |
| | B) | Precipitation |
| | C) | Melting of ice at the Poles |
| | D) | Comets |
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| 12 | |
What is the average depth of the oceans? |
| | A) | 400 meters |
| | B) | 4,000 meters |
| | C) | 40,000 meters |
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| 13 | |
Which set of features would you find across the Atlantic from North America to Europe? |
| | A) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, oceanic ridge and oceanic trench |
| | B) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, and oceanic trench |
| | C) | Continental shelf, oceanic ridge and oceanic trench |
| | D) | Continental shelf, abyssal plain, oceanic ridge |
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| 14 | |
Which feature only extends to a few hundred meters depth? |
| | A) | Continental shelf |
| | B) | Continental rise |
| | C) | Abyssal plain |
| | D) | Oceanic ridges |
| | E) | Oceanic trenches |
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| 15 | |
Where are the flattest parts of the ocean? |
| | A) | Continental shelf |
| | B) | Continental rise |
| | C) | Abyssal plain |
| | D) | Oceanic ridges |
| | E) | Oceanic trenches |
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| 16 | |
Which feature has submarine canyons? |
| | A) | Continental shelf |
| | B) | Continental rise |
| | C) | Abyssal plain |
| | D) | Oceanic ridges |
| | E) | Oceanic trenches |
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| 17 | |
What factor is most responsible for changing salinity values found in high latitudes? |
| | A) | Evaporation |
| | B) | Fresh water input |
| | C) | Mixing action |
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| 18 | |
Where are ocean surface temperatures the highest? |
| | A) | High latitudes |
| | B) | Middle latitudes |
| | C) | Low latitudes |
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| 19 | |
How many density layers are typically found in ocean water? |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 4 |
| | D) | 5 |
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| 20 | |
What direction are ocean currents deflected in the northern hemisphere due to the Coriolis Effect? |
| | A) | Left |
| | B) | Right |
| | C) | North or south |
| | D) | East or west |
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| 21 | |
What causes gyres? |
| | A) | Earth's rotation |
| | B) | Winds |
| | C) | Thermohaline circulation |
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| 22 | |
About how much water in the oceans is moving in currents at any given time? |
| | A) | 10% |
| | B) | 20% |
| | C) | 30% |
| | D) | 40% |
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| 23 | |
Where are rotation centers of gyres located? |
| | A) | Arctic |
| | B) | Tropics |
| | C) | Equator |
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| 24 | |
How long does it take for a gyre to complete one loop? |
| | A) | About a day |
| | B) | About a week |
| | C) | About a month |
| | D) | About a year |
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| 25 | |
Which of the following is the boundary current located off the east coast of the U.S.? |
| | A) | Canary |
| | B) | Kuroshio |
| | C) | Gulf Stream |
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| 26 | |
Why does dense deep water upwell in oceans? |
| | A) | Because it is less dense than surrounding water |
| | B) | Because it is more dense than surrounding water |
| | C) | Because it is affected by surface currents and continents |
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| 27 | |
What causes tides? |
| | A) | Gravitational attraction of the Moon |
| | B) | Gravitational attraction of the Sun |
| | C) | Gravitational attraction of both the Moon and Sun |
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| 28 | |
Which is most dangerous to swimmers? |
| | A) | Long-shore current |
| | B) | Undertow |
| | C) | Rip-current |
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| 29 | |
What direction should one swim to get out of a rip current? |
| | A) | Parallel to shore |
| | B) | Toward shore |
| | C) | Away from shore |
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| 30 | |
What happens as a wave approaches a headland? |
| | A) | Wave refract away from headlands |
| | B) | Wave refract toward headlands |
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| 31 | |
How much erosion occurs along the Louisiana coast each year? |
| | A) | 2 meters |
| | B) | 20 meters |
| | C) | 200 meters |
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| 32 | |
Which shoreline protection feature is perpendicular to the shoreline? |
| | A) | Seawall |
| | B) | Groin |
| | C) | Breakwater |
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| 33 | |
Which of the following is not a factor capable of influencing coastlines? |
| | A) | plate tectonics |
| | B) | waves generated by severe storms like hurricanes |
| | C) | large currents |
| | D) | humans |
| | E) | all of the above are factors capable of influencing coastlines |
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| 34 | |
Which of the following is an accurate statement regarding large scale currents in the ocean? |
| | A) | they move a lot of sediments around in the deepest ocean environments |
| | B) | they are caused primarily by tides |
| | C) | they are randomly organized in terms of their shape and motion |
| | D) | they commonly influence the climate of the ocean and the surrounding land masses |
| | E) | they are commonly responsible for big waves |
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