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| 1 | |
What is the difference between earthquake magnitude and intensity? |
| | A) | Magnitude documents earthquake damage, intensity measures size |
| | B) | Magnitude measures earthquake size, intensity documents damage |
| | C) | There is little difference, they both relate to size and damage |
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| 2 | |
Where are the largest magnitude earthquakes most common? |
| | A) | At mid-ocean ridges |
| | B) | At transform boundaries |
| | C) | At subduction zones |
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| 3 | |
What foci pattern would occur for an oceanic plate subducting to the west beneath a continental plate? |
| | A) | Foci deepen to the north |
| | B) | Foci deepen to the south |
| | C) | Foci deepen to the east |
| | D) | Foci deepen to the west |
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| 4 | |
What foci pattern would occur for a mid-ocean ridge oriented north-south? |
| | A) | Shallow foci are oriented north-south along the ridge |
| | B) | Shallow foci are oriented east-west perpendicular to the ridge |
| | C) | Deep foci are oriented north-south along the ridge |
| | D) | Deep foci are oriented east-west perpendicular to the ridge |
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| 5 | |
Which location is most likely to experience a large earthquake? |
| | A) | Mid-ocean ridge |
| | B) | Subduction zone |
| | C) | Hot-spot |
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| 6 | |
What are the vibrations caused by earthquakes? |
| | A) | Faults |
| | B) | Orphan tsunamis |
| | C) | Seismic waves |
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| 7 | |
What is an earthquake? |
| | A) | A release of energy |
| | B) | A seismic wave |
| | C) | A fault |
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| 8 | |
This is the actual location of an earthquake including its depth. |
| | A) | Focus |
| | B) | Epicenter |
| | C) | Fault plane |
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| 9 | |
How far does a fault move during a large earthquake? |
| | A) | 1-5 centimeters |
| | B) | 1-5 meters |
| | C) | 1-5 kilometers |
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| 10 | |
This is the average length of time before stresses build large enough to cause an earthquake to occur in some location. |
| | A) | Recurrence interval |
| | B) | Fault interval |
| | C) | Epicenter interval |
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| 11 | |
This type of fault movement results in sideways movement. |
| | A) | Strike-slip |
| | B) | Dip-slip |
| | C) | Transverse |
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| 12 | |
These regions along a fault zone are considered most likely to be the sites of future earthquakes than other portions of that fault zone. |
| | A) | Epicenter |
| | B) | Focus |
| | C) | Seismic gap |
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| 13 | |
These seismic waves have the highest average velocity. |
| | A) | P waves |
| | B) | S waves |
| | C) | Surface waves |
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| 14 | |
What does earthquake intensity measure? |
| | A) | Energy released from earthquake |
| | B) | Amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram |
| | C) | Damage resulting from the earthquake |
| | D) | Displacement on faults |
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| 15 | |
What does Richter earthquake magnitude measure? |
| | A) | Energy released from earthquake |
| | B) | Amplitude of seismic waves on seismogram |
| | C) | Damage resulting from an earthquake |
| | D) | Displacement on faults |
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| 16 | |
Where is earthquake damage generally the greatest? |
| | A) | Alaska |
| | B) | California |
| | C) | In the Rockies |
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| 17 | |
What factors are most important in evaluating earthquake hazards? |
| | A) | Population density and number of faults |
| | B) | Earthquake size and depth |
| | C) | Distances from plate boundaries and shorelines |
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| 18 | |
These instruments measure deformation along a fault. |
| | A) | Seismometers and strain meters |
| | B) | Strainmeters and creepmeters |
| | C) | Creepmeters and seismometers |
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| 19 | |
Which of the following concerning earthquakes is not accurate? |
| | A) | land based earthquakes generally kill people by collapsing buildings or hillsides on people |
| | B) | the shaking associated with earthquakes is caused as energy stored along a fault is released and travels away as waves or vibrations |
| | C) | earthquakes are created in part because of elastic deformation and rebound |
| | D) | it is not yet possible to make accurate short-term predictions concerning earthquake location and magnitude |
| | E) | earthquake epicenters always occur along fault scarps or traces on the earth's surface. |
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| 20 | |
Which of the following is not related to seismographs? |
| | A) | It is a device that can record seismic waves traveling along and through the Earth |
| | B) | It creates a record that can be used to identify the magnitude of the earthquake |
| | C) | It is capable of recording P-waves S-waves, and surface waves |
| | D) | Using a single seismograph, it is possible to tell how far away the station is from the earthquake's epicenter |
| | E) | All of the above are true statements as they relate to seismographs |
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| 21 | |
You are sitting in a boat on a lake, fishing peacefully when you hear a low rumble, then experience a shudder that seems to pass through the boat. About 10 seconds later, you see trees on the shore begin to sway violently from side to side, but you don't feel anything in the boat. Which statement best describes what has happened? |
| | A) | There was an earthquake that created p-waves but no s-waves, which why you felt the boat shudder and the trees started to sway only after enough energy waves had passed to get them moving |
| | B) | There was an earthquake that created p- and s-waves, but they arrived at the same time so they could not be felt as separate events |
| | C) | There was an earthquake that generated p- and s-waves, but since p-waves travel through all states of matter and s-waves travel only through solids, you could only feel the P-waves on the boat, but not the s-waves that shook the trees |
| | D) | There was an earthquake that created only s-waves, which you experienced in the boat as a series of vibrations that eventually became large enough to shake the trees |
| | E) | None of the above statements accurately describes what happened. |
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| 22 | |
________ waves travel the fastest of energy waves produced by earthquakes and can travel through ______, whereas ____- waves are slower and can travel through ______. |
| | A) | P-waves; solids only: S-waves; solids, liquids, or gases. |
| | B) | S-waves; solids, liquids, and gases: P-waves; liquids only. |
| | C) | P-waves; solids, liquids or gases: S-waves; solids only. |
| | D) | S-waves; solids only: P-waves; solids, liquids, or gases. |
| | E) | none of the above choices concerning earthquake waves will make this statement true. |
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