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| 1 | |
A volcanic dyke would be most likely to illustrate this geologic principle. |
| | A) | Principle of superposition |
| | B) | Principle of cross cutting relations |
| | C) | Principle of original horizontality |
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| 2 | |
What is the meaning of correlation as related to fossils? |
| | A) | Fossils can be used to match rock units in different areas |
| | B) | Fossils represent small periods of geologic time in different areas |
| | C) | Fossils correlate with only one rock unit in different areas |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is an example of numerical time? |
| | A) | The Silurian period occurred before the Devonian Period |
| | B) | The Silurian period began approximately 438 million years ago |
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| 4 | |
Which of the following is not a characteristic of the geologic timeline? |
| | A) | Major subdivisions are equally spaced through geologic time |
| | B) | Subdivisions are based on when certain species evolved |
| | C) | Subdivisions are based on when certain species became extinct |
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| 5 | |
If such an isotope existed, which one would be best to use for establishing the age of archeological site that is about 50,000 years old? |
| | A) | One with a half-life of 2 million yrs |
| | B) | One with a half-life of 200,000 yrs |
| | C) | One with a half-life of 20,000 yrs |
| | D) | One with a half-life of 2,000 yrs |
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| 6 | |
This geologic time principle is usually associated with sedimentary rock units. |
| | A) | Principle of superposition |
| | B) | Principle of cross cutting relations |
| | C) | Principle of original horizontality |
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| 7 | |
Who interpreted the Grand Canyon to be a result of long-lived geologic processes? |
| | A) | Tavwoats Indians |
| | B) | John Wesley Powell |
| | C) | Tom Vail |
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| 8 | |
Who first notice that fossil shark teeth found in rocks were similar to modern-day shark teeth? |
| | A) | Ussher |
| | B) | Steno |
| | C) | Hutton |
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| 9 | |
What principle suggests that geologic processes that operate on Earth today are similar to those that operated in the past? |
| | A) | Catastrophic |
| | B) | Uniformitarian |
| | C) | Deep time |
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| 10 | |
What feature is found when there is a time gap in the geologic record? |
| | A) | Deformed rock unit |
| | B) | Unconformity in the rock unit |
| | C) | Inclusion rock unit |
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| 11 | |
How old is the Earth? |
| | A) | About 4,600 years old |
| | B) | About 4.6 million years old |
| | C) | About 4.6 billion years old |
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| 12 | |
What data were used to develop the first geologic time scales? |
| | A) | Analyses of radioactive elements |
| | B) | The fossil record |
| | C) | Uniformitarianism |
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| 13 | |
How many eons are in the geologic time scale? |
| | A) | 2 |
| | B) | 3 |
| | C) | 4 |
| | D) | 5 |
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| 14 | |
What is order of the Eons from oldest to youngest? |
| | A) | Phanerozoic, Archean, Cambrian |
| | B) | Cambrian, Archean, Phanerozoic |
| | C) | Archean, Phanerozoic, Cambrian |
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| 15 | |
What is used to sub-divide the Phanerozoic into 3 eras? |
| | A) | It is divided into equal intervals |
| | B) | It is divided by mass extinction events |
| | C) | It is divided based on numerical time calculations |
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| 16 | |
Besides a possible asteroid collision, what else contributed to "The Great Dying?" |
| | A) | Pangaea formed |
| | B) | Massive volcanic eruptions |
| | C) | Both a and b |
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| 17 | |
Atoms with different numbers of neutrons in their nucleus are |
| | A) | Ions |
| | B) | Isotopes |
| | C) | Electrons |
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| 18 | |
What happens to amount of daughter isotope over time? |
| | A) | It increases |
| | B) | It decreases |
| | C) | It stays the same |
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| 19 | |
Which type rocks are best suited for numerical time dating? |
| | A) | Igneous |
| | B) | Sedimentary |
| | C) | Metamorphic |
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| 20 | |
During which era did dinosaurs dominate the earth? |
| | A) | Cenozoic |
| | B) | Mesozoic |
| | C) | Paleozoic |
| | D) | Precambrian |
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| 21 | |
Geologic or deep time |
| | A) | was originally described using radioactive isotopes as a dating technique. |
| | B) | was originally described using relative age dating methods such as cross-cutting relationships. |
| | C) | was originally described using both relative and radiometric age dating techniques that were discovered at the same time. |
| | D) | was originally described based on who discovered the most rocks first. |
| | E) | was originally defined with the knowledge that the Earth is 4.6 billion years old. |
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| 22 | |
You find some limestone rock in southern Indiana and notice that it has fossil trilobites in it. Later you find the same fossil trilobites in a limestone in Colorado. From this you determine that the two rock types were deposited during the same time period using what concept or principle? |
| | A) | Principle of Uniformitarianism |
| | B) | Principle of Inclusions |
| | C) | Principle of Cross-cutting Relationships |
| | D) | Principle of Correlation using fossils |
| | E) | Principle of Unconformities |
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| 23 | |
Relative age-dating methods |
| | A) | allow Earth scientists to know that the Cretaceous-Tertiary Boundary occurred exactly 66 million years ago. |
| | B) | allow Earth Scientists to determine if a specific rock layer is older or younger than rocks above or below it. |
| | C) | allow Earth scientists to determine exactly when rock layers were deposited. |
| | D) | allow Earth Scientists to determine exactly how old the Earth actually is. |
| | E) | allow Earth Scientists to determine that rock deposited during the Cambrian period is 530 million years old. |
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