Read each question carefully and then select the best answer.

1		Which of the following is NOT one of the privileges protecting reporters when they publish their work?
			A)	fair report privilege
			B)	libel privilege
			C)	opinion privilege
			D)	fair comment and criticism
2		"Open courtrooms" means that:
			A)	criminal trials must remain open to the media except for rare instances when an overriding interest justifies closure.
			B)	criminal trials must remain closed to the media except for rare instances when an overriding interest justifies their being opened.
			C)	criminal trials must remain open to the media only for rare instances when an overriding interest justifies opening them.
			D)	criminal trials must remain closed to the media.
3		Open meetings laws are:
			A)	usually quite different from "sunshine laws."
			B)	in effect in very few jurisdictions.
			C)	usually very specific about what is required.
			D)	often vague about what constitutes a "meeting."
4		Open records laws are:
			A)	relatively rare and unenforceable.
			B)	in force for all federal agencies.
			C)	applicable only to officers of the court.
			D)	applicable in about half of the states.
5		For which of the following could a reporter be held in contempt of court?
			A)	refusing to tell a judge the source of controversial material used in a story
			B)	telling the news media the source of controversial material used in a story
			C)	telling a judge the source of controversial material used in a story
			D)	refusing to tell the news media the source of controversial material used in a story
6		A reporter could be accused of sedition for:
			A)	publishing material too critical of government leaders or policies.
			B)	failing to obey a lawful order.
			C)	failing to publish both sides of a story.
			D)	passing off words or ideas of others as his or her own.
7		Which of the following is true of libel?
			A)	Libel is publishing or broadcasting a false statement that maliciously or carelessly damages someone's reputation.
			B)	Libel is never defensible in modern journalistic practice.
			C)	You can't be convicted of libel if you believe what you print is true.
			D)	Libel laws treat "public" figures and ordinary folks the same.
8		Plagiarism is:
			A)	passing off words or ideas of others as your own.
			B)	never a problem at large, prestigious newspapers.
			C)	quoting other sources.
			D)	okay in the early stages of research.
9		Fabrication is:
			A)	passing off words or ideas of others as your own.
			B)	acceptable journalistic practice as long as most of the content in the story is true.
			C)	legal in many states, and illegal in others.
			D)	manufacturing or falsifying any facts, quotes, or events for a story.
10		Bias is:
			A)	slanting a story by manipulating facts to sway readers' opinions.
			B)	using words or ideas that some of your readers may find offensive.
			C)	acceptable as long as you state your opinion truthfully.
			D)	manufacturing or falsifying story information.
11		Which of the following statements is NOT a criterion for libel?
			A)	Statements must be false, based on information that is wrong or unverifiable.
			B)	Statements must be defamatory.
			C)	Statements do not necessarily have to be published.
			D)	Plaintiffs must be identifiable.
12		Who gets sued in cases of libel?
			A)	usually, the publication
			B)	usually, the writer
			C)	usually, a person being quoted
			D)	usually, the court system
13		Slander is:
			A)	defamation that is spoken rather than printed.
			B)	publishing a false statement that maliciously or carelessly damages someone's reputation.
			C)	not a serious offense, and it isn't punishable the way libel is.
			D)	a defense against a libel charge.
14		Which of the following does NOT involve intrusion?
			A)	trespass
			B)	secret surveillance
			C)	misrepresentation
			D)	appropriation
15		Publicizing personal details may cause emotional distress if the material is:
			A)	private, intimate or offensive.
			B)	intimate, offensive or public.
			C)	offensive, public or defensive.
			D)	public, defensive or private.
16		Copyright is:
			A)	government-approved protection for all forms of creative expression.
			B)	government-approved protection for some forms of creative expression.
			C)	media-approved protection for all forms of creative expression.
			D)	media-approved protection for some forms of creative expression.
17		Which of the following is NOT a trademark?
			A)	Coke
			B)	Jell-O
			C)	Photocopy
			D)	Kleenex
18		Which of the following is NOT part of the Code of Ethics of the Society of Professional Journalists?
			A)	Never act independently.
			B)	Seek truth and report it.
			C)	Minimize harm.
			D)	Be accountable.
19		Shield laws:
			A)	prevent reporters from being sued.
			B)	allow reporters to express their opinions.
			C)	call for all government meetings to be open to the media.
			D)	protect reporters by preserving the confidentiality of their sources.
20		Generally, which of the following is NOT one of the best defenses against libel?
			A)	truth
			B)	bias
			C)	consent
			D)	privilege