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1
Granite could provide a suitable site for disposal of high-level nuclear waste because it has
A)high permeability
B)a clastic texture
C)a crystalline texture
D)intergranular porosity
2
Most municipal solid waste is disposed
A)by ocean dumping
B)in sanitary landfills
C)by burning in incinerators
D)in dumps
3
The greatest environmental hazard presented by sanitary landfills is
A)air pollution
B)destruction of habitat
C)natural gas explosions
D)escape of leachate
4
Mine waste can be a source of what type of pollution?
A)organic matter
B)acid
C)nutrient
D)caustic
5
Solid waste that accumulates in reservoirs above dams comes largely from
A)coal-fired power plants
B)mining
C)soil erosion
D)pulp and paper production
6
The best location for a sanitary landfill is
A)above the water table
B)below the water table
C)in sandstone
D)in gravel
7
Monitoring wells around a sanitary landfill are used to determine
A)if the water table is declining
B)if leachate is escaping
C)if artesian conditions occur
D)if an aquifer is confined
8
How does the United States plan to dispose of its high-level nuclear waste?
A)use rockets to launch it into space
B)store it underground
C)allow it to melt into polar ice caps
D)allow it to sink into seafloor sediments
9
What is the problem with using sludge from sewage treatment as a fertilizer?
A)it smells worse than other fertilizers
B)it contains low amounts of nutrients
C)it contains high concentrations of heavy metals
D)all of the above
10
The majority of municipal sewage in the U.S.
A)receives no treatment
B)received only primary treatment
C)receives only primary and secondary treatment
D)receives more that primary and secondary treatment
11
Which is utilized for deep-well disposal of liquid wastes?
A)unconfined aquifer
B)confined aquifer
C)perched aquifer
D)all of the above
12
A secure landfill is used for disposal of
A)toxic liquid waste
B)low-level radioactive waste
C)solid waste
D)high-level radioactive waste
13
The rock at the proposed Yucca Mountain, Nevada high-level radioactive waste disposal site is
A)basalt
B)granite
C)rock salt
D)ash-flow tuff
14
One advantage of the Yucca Mountain site is that it would be in an area
A)with no major faults
B)with no recent volcanic activity
C)with few earthquakes
D)located hundreds of feet above the water table
15
How much of a radioisotope will remain after three of its half-lives have passed?
A)one half
B)one quarter
C)one eighth
D)one sixteenth
16
Plutonium-239 is a very hazardous radionuclide because it is
A)produced in considerable amounts in a nuclear reactor
B)has a half-life of 24,000 years
C)is poisonous, apart from its radioactivity
D)all of the above
17
Iodine-131 is a very hazardous radionuclide because it
A)is biologically concentrated in the human thyroid gland
B)has a half-life of 24,000 years
C)is poisonous, apart from its radioactivity
D)all of the above
18
The high-level nuclear waste repository of the U.S. must isolate waste so that fewer than 1,000 deaths are caused by the waste over how many years?
A)100
B)1,000
C)10,000
D)100,000
19
Over 90% of the radioactive waste in the U.S. is
A)spent nuclear fuel
B)high-level waste
C)by-products of waste reprocessing
D)low-level waste
20
How do most countries in the world deal with high-level radioactive wastes?
A)by temporary storage
B)by bedrock disposal
C)by seabed disposal
D)by ice sheet disposal
21
The U.S. government created Superfund to deal with
A)municipal solid waste disposal
B)high-level radioactive waste disposal
C)municipal sewage treatment
D)toxic-waste site cleanup
22
Love Canal was a disposal site for
A)toxic waste
B)sewage sludge
C)radioactive waste
D)solid waste
23
Sanitary landfills are used for disposal of
A)solid waste
B)radioactive waste
C)liquid waste
D)sewage
24
Incinerators are used for disposal of
A)solid waste
B)radioactive waste
C)liquid waste
D)sewage
25
Leachate is most often produced in a
A)secure landfill
B)septic system
C)sanitary landfill
D)all of the above







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