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Self-test questions
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1In a fixed exchange rate regime, monetary policy is completely independent of exchange rate policy.
A)True
B)False



2Neutrality of money implies that changes in nominal variables such as the money supply or nominal interest rates do not affect real variables such as growth.
A)True
B)False



3The Balassa–Samuelson effect can be stated as follows: Equilibrium real exchange rates of countries that enjoy lasting fast growth – because they are catching up from a lower level of development – follow an appreciating trend.
A)True
B)False



4Under a monetary union, the exchange rate is no longer established by domestic authorities.
A)True
B)False



5The impossible trinity principle helps to determine the optimal exchange rate regime to be adopted by a country.
A)True
B)False



6In the long run money is neutral. It has no lasting effect on __________ but does determine __________.
A)the nominal economy, the real rate of exchange.
B)the real economy, the rate of inflation and of appreciation/depreciation of the exchange rate.
C)monetary policy, the rate of inflation and of appreciation/depreciation of the exchange rate.
D)exchange rates, prices and wages.



7The impossible trinity principle states that the flowing three characteristics cannot be maintained simultaneously:
A)a fixed exchange rate, monetary independence and full capital mobility.
B)high productivity, free capital movement and monetary independence.
C)free trade, free capital movement and low inflation.
D)low interest rates, low unemployment and tight monetary policies.



8Under a fixed exchange rate, monetary policy is fully committed to ________. It is not available to ________.
A)controlling inflationary pressures; pursue fiscal targets
B)foreign exchange intervention; control interest rate targets
C)upholding exchange rates; pursue domestic targets
D)attain purchasing power parity; pursue domestic targets



9In the IS-LM framework, the LM schedule describes __________.
A)the equilibrium in the money market.
B)the equilibrium in the goods market.
C)the demand for labour holding prices constant.
D)trade-off between inflation and unemployment.



10In the IS-LM framework, the IS schedule describes ________.
A)the equilibrium in the money market for a given real money supply
B)the equilibrium in the goods market
C)the supply of labour holding constant the degree of competition
D)the Inflation-Savings trade-off



11Which of the following currencies are currently freely floating?
A)US dollar
B)Euro
C)British pound
D)All of the above



12The Purchasing Power Parity principle asserts that:
A)the rate of appreciation of a currency follows the rate of foreign inflation.
B)there is no visible link between volatile exchange rates and money growth and inflation.
C)over the long run the nominal exchange rate, prices and wages all adjust to each other so that external equilibrium is restored.
D)nominal exchange rates are volatile while prices are much more stable.



13The Purchasing Power Parity principle states that the nominal exchange rate should be constant in the long run.
A)True
B)False



14Crawling peg regimes are characterized by:
A)the fact that authorities choose a wide range within which the exchange rate is allowed to move vis-à-vis its chosen anchor.
B)the fact that authorities allow the central parity and the associated maximum and lower levels to slide regularly.
C)the fact that authorities intervene on the foreign exchange market to ‘lean against the wind’, i.e. counter any significant market pressure in either direction.
D)the fact that authorities fix a central parity vis-à-vis an anchor currency as well as a narrow band of fluctuation.



15Regional arrangements in exchange regimes are characterized by:
A)two corner currency arrangements.
B)inflationary monetary policy.
C)free labour mobility.
D)exchange rates that are pegged vis-à-vis each other and floating vis-à-vis all currencies outside of the region.



16When a country’s real exchange rate appreciates ____
A)the economy becomes more competitive
B)the current account will deteriorate
C)the country will export more
D)the country will import less



17When a country’s real exchange rate depreciates ____,
A)domestic goods become cheaper than foreign goods.
B)domestic competitiveness increases.
C)the country will export more and import less.
D)all of the above are correct.



18If an investor observes that the nominal interest rate is higher in Country A than in Country B, he should invest in Country A if ____
A)he expects Country A’s exchange rate to remain constant over time.
B)he expects Country A’s exchange rate to appreciate.
C)he expects Country A’s exchange rate to depreciate.
D)1 and 2 are both true.



19After 2005, Greece experienced an increase in the risk premia on its public debt since it was seen as increasingly risky.
A)True
B)False







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