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| 1 | |
The total amount of DNA in an organism, including all of its genes and other DNA, is its |
| | A) | heredity. |
| | B) | genetics. |
| | C) | genome. |
| | D) | genomics. |
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| 2 | |
A possible reason why humans have such a small number of genes as opposed to what was anticipated by scientists is that |
| | A) | humans don't need more than 25,000 genes to function. |
| | B) | the exons used to make a specific mRNA can be rearranged to form genes for new proteins. |
| | C) | the sample size used to sequence the human genome was not big enough, so the number of genes estimated could be low. |
| | D) | the estimate will increase as scientists find out what so-called "junk DNA" actually does. |
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| 3 | |
A protein that can cut DNA at specific DNA base sequences is called a |
| | A) | DNase. |
| | B) | DNA ligase. |
| | C) | restriction enzyme. |
| | D) | DNA polymerase. |
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| 4 | |
The four steps of a genetic engineering experiment are (in order) |
| | A) | cleaving DNA, cloning, producing recombinant DNA, and screening. |
| | B) | cleaving DNA, producing recombinant DNA, cloning, and screening. |
| | C) | producing recombinant DNA, cleaving DNA, screening, and cloning. |
| | D) | screening, producing recombinant DNA, cloning, and cleaving DNA. |
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| 5 | |
Using drugs produced by genetically engineered bacteria allows |
| | A) | the drug to be produced in far larger amounts than in the past. |
| | B) | humans to permanently correct the effects of a missing gene from their own systems. |
| | C) | humans to eliminate the chances of infection from blood transfusions. |
| | D) | All of these answers are correct. |
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| 6 | |
Some of the advantages to using genetically modified organisms in agriculture include |
| | A) | increased yield. |
| | B) | unchanged nutritive value. |
| | C) | the ease of transferring the gene to other organisms. |
| | D) | the possibility of anaphylaxis. |
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| 7 | |
Which of the following is not a concern about the use of genetically modified crops? |
| | A) | possible danger to humans after consumption |
| | B) | insecticide resistance developing in pest species |
| | C) | gene flow into natural relatives of GM crops |
| | D) | harm to the crop itself from mutations |
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| 8 | |
Genomic imprinting seems to involve |
| | A) | protein signals that block transcription of a gene from its DNA. |
| | B) | proteins that cause deformation of RNA polymerase. |
| | C) | methylation or demethylation of RNA polymerase. |
| | D) | methylation or demethylation of DNA. |
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| 9 | |
One of the main biological problems with replacing damaged tissue through the use of embryonic stems cells is |
| | A) | immunological rejection of the tissue by the patient. |
| | B) | that stem cells may not target appropriate tissue. |
| | C) | the time needed to grow sufficient amounts of tissue from stem cells. |
| | D) | that genetic mutation of chosen stem cells may cause future problems. |
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| 10 | |
In gene therapy, healthy genes are placed into cells with defective genes by using |
| | A) | bacteria. |
| | B) | micropipettes (needles). |
| | C) | viruses. |
| | D) | Currently, cells are not modified genetically. Instead, healthy tissue is grown and transplanted into the patient. |
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