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| 1 | |
The levels of nominal scale variables are simply _________. |
| | A) | rank-ordered items |
| | B) | numbers |
| | C) | different categories or groups |
| | D) | physical measures |
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| 2 | |
In many experiments, the independent variable is manipulated by forming two groups. Such independent variables are __________. |
| | A) | nominal |
| | B) | ordinal |
| | C) | interval |
| | D) | ratio |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following is a ratio-scale variable? |
| | A) | eye color |
| | B) | marital status |
| | C) | weight |
| | D) | both a and b |
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| 4 | |
A __________ of exam scores reveals how many students received a given score on the exam. |
| | A) | predictor graph |
| | B) | structural equation modeling |
| | C) | central tendency graph |
| | D) | frequency distribution |
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| 5 | |
A __________ uses a line to represent the frequency of each score in a distribution. |
| | A) | bar graph |
| | B) | scatterplot |
| | C) | frequency polygon |
| | D) | frequency distribution |
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| 6 | |
The _________ is the score that divides the group in half. |
| | A) | mean |
| | B) | median |
| | C) | mode |
| | D) | standard deviation |
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| 7 | |
When there are a few unusual or extreme scores, it is best to use the _______ or the ______ as an indicator of central tendency. |
| | A) | mean; median |
| | B) | median; mode |
| | C) | mean; mode |
| | D) | mean; sample size |
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| 8 | |
A Pearson r correlation coefficient describes the __________ and the _________ of a linear relationship between two interval scale or ratio scale variables. |
| | A) | level; strength |
| | B) | direction; variability |
| | C) | direction; strength |
| | D) | variability; significance |
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| 9 | |
In a study examining the relationship between participant's age and number of friends, a Pearson r = -.62 was computed. Which of the following best describes this finding? |
| | A) | As age increases, the number of friends increases. |
| | B) | As age increases, the number of friends decreases. |
| | C) | As age decreases, the number of friends decreases. |
| | D) | As age increases, the number of friends stays the same. |
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| 10 | |
A ___________ occurs when the individuals in a study are very homogenous. |
| | A) | restriction of range |
| | B) | curvilinear relationship |
| | C) | forced-linear relationship |
| | D) | negative relationship |
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| 11 | |
r2 is sometimes referred to as _________. |
| | A) | the transformed coefficient |
| | B) | the percentage of shared variance between two variables |
| | C) | "unexplained" variability |
| | D) | both b and c |
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| 12 | |
By using a regression equation, researchers can predict the ________ variable on the basis of a ________ variable. |
| | A) | constant; predictor |
| | B) | criterion; incremental |
| | C) | criterion; predictor |
| | D) | moderator; control |
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| 13 | |
The correlation between a combined set of predictor variables and a given criterion variable is called ______________ correlation. |
| | A) | multiple-outcome |
| | B) | Pearson Product-Moment |
| | C) | regression |
| | D) | multiple |
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| 14 | |
A technique called __________ correlation provides a way of statistically controlling third variables. |
| | A) | multiple |
| | B) | simple |
| | C) | partial |
| | D) | partitioned |
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| 15 | |
Which of the following is not one of the three basic ways of describing research results? |
| | A) | correlating individuals' scores on two variables |
| | B) | comparing group means |
| | C) | regressing scores to the average |
| | D) | comparing group percentages |
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| 16 | |
Frequency distributions provide all of the following information except: |
| | A) | whether there are any outliers in the distribution. |
| | B) | the correlation between scores. |
| | C) | the shape of the distribution of scores. |
| | D) | what scores are most common. |
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| 17 | |
Consider the following data: 9, 5, 3, 3, 7, 5, 5, 7, 1. Which of the following is true of this data set? |
| | A) | the mean is the same as the mode |
| | B) | the median is larger than the mode |
| | C) | the mode is smaller than the mean |
| | D) | the range is the same as the mean |
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| 18 | |
Correlations are visually displayed using a |
| | A) | histogram. |
| | B) | pie chart. |
| | C) | scatterplot. |
| | D) | bar graph. |
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| 19 | |
The correlation between variables A and B is .40. What is the percentage of shared variance between two variables? |
| | A) | .50 |
| | B) | .60 |
| | C) | .16 |
| | D) | .84 |
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| 20 | |
Which of the following is not measured on a -1.00 to +1.00 scale? |
| | A) | Person product-moment correlation coefficient |
| | B) | path coefficients |
| | C) | effect size |
| | D) | all of these are measured on a -1.00 to +1.00 scale. |
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