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| 1 | |
The changing nature of middle age can be accounted for by the fact that: |
| | A) | average life expectancy has increased dramatically in the past 100 years. |
| | B) | people today are more active and productive at later ages. |
| | C) | medical discoveries have improved health in adulthood. |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 2 | |
Regarding physical changes in middle adulthood, which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | Midlife changes are mostly rapid. |
| | B) | Genetic factors are the sole predictors of which chronic diseases will appear and when. |
| | C) | Physical changes include changes in appearance such as wrinkles and age spots. |
| | D) | Being overweight is not a critical health problem in middle adulthood. |
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| 3 | |
Which of the following sleep changes are not experienced by individuals in middle adulthood? |
| | A) | fewer total number of hours spent in sleep than in early adulthood |
| | B) | more frequent wakeful periods |
| | C) | less time spent in stage 4 sleep |
| | D) | amount of time spent lying awake in bed as night increases |
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| 4 | |
During middle age, an individual's height is likely to __________, and their weight is likely to __________. |
| | A) | maintain; decrease |
| | B) | decrease; increase |
| | C) | decrease; maintain |
| | D) | increase; maintain |
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| 5 | |
Age-related loss of muscle mass and strength that occurs during middle adulthood is called: |
| | A) | accommodation. |
| | B) | climacteric. |
| | C) | sarcopenia. |
| | D) | chronic disintegration. |
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| 6 | |
Which of the following is the leading cause of death in middle adulthood? |
| | A) | accidents |
| | B) | cerebrovascular disease |
| | C) | cancer |
| | D) | heart disease |
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| 7 | |
__________ is the term used to describe the midlife transition in which fertility declines. |
| | A) | Menopause |
| | B) | Chronic disorder |
| | C) | Climacteric |
| | D) | Hardiness |
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| 8 | |
Regarding menopause, which of the following statements is true? |
| | A) | The side effects of menopause are relatively consistent for all women. |
| | B) | The average age at which women have their last period is 51. |
| | C) | The majority of women experience serious psychological problems related to menopause. |
| | D) | Hormone replacement therapy is recommended for all women in menopause. |
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| 9 | |
Which of the following is a physiological cause of erectile dysfunction? |
| | A) | hypertension |
| | B) | diabetes |
| | C) | elevated cholesterol |
| | D) | all of these |
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| 10 | |
Which researcher(s) argue(s) that crystallized intelligence increases in middle age, while fluid intelligence decreases? |
| | A) | John Horn |
| | B) | K. Warner Schaie |
| | C) | Nancy Denney |
| | D) | Meyer Friedman and Ray Rosenman |
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| 11 | |
The ability to reason abstractly is called ________ intelligence. |
| | A) | crystalized |
| | B) | componential |
| | C) | fluid |
| | D) | analytical |
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| 12 | |
__________ involves having an extensive, highly organized knowledge and understanding of a particular domain. |
| | A) | Crystallized intelligence |
| | B) | Fluid intelligence |
| | C) | Leisure |
| | D) | Expertise |
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| 13 | |
In middle age, individuals need __________ time to learn new information, and long-term memory becomes __________ reliable. |
| | A) | less; more |
| | B) | less; less |
| | C) | more; less |
| | D) | more; more |
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| 14 | |
Which of the following is not a challenge for the middle-aged worker in the 21st century? |
| | A) | declining work prospects in the service industries |
| | B) | globalization |
| | C) | decline in defined-benefit pensions |
| | D) | increases in computer technology |
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| 15 | |
Why do psychologists believe leisure takes on increased importance in middle adulthood? |
| | A) | Middle adults need to prepare psychologically for retirement. |
| | B) | Middle adulthood is a time to discover new interests and activities to fill newly available time after retirement. |
| | C) | Middle adulthood financial and career changes produce expanded opportunities for leisure. |
| | D) | All of these |
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| 16 | |
In the MacArthur Study of Midlife Development, what percentage of U.S. middle-age adults considered religion or spirituality a major part of their lives? |
| | A) | 30% |
| | B) | 50% |
| | C) | 70% |
| | D) | 90% |
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| 17 | |
Which of the following statements regarding religious experience is true? |
| | A) | There are significant increases in spirituality and religion during middle age. |
| | B) | Americans are becoming less committed to particular religious denominations. |
| | C) | Religion is associated with decreased physical health. |
| | D) | Males show a stronger interest in religion than females do. |
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| 18 | |
According to Victor Frankl, which of the following is not one of the three most distinct human qualities? |
| | A) | religion |
| | B) | spirituality |
| | C) | freedom |
| | D) | responsibility |
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