Glencoe Biology

Chapter 8: Cellular Energy

Standardized Test Practice

1.
The breakdown of molecules by cells to produce energy is called ____.
A)catalyzing
B)photosynthesis
C)cellular respiration
D)heterotrophism
2.
The study of energy flow and transformation is called ____.
A)heat dynamics
B)ecology
C)metabology
D)thermodynamics
3.
What part of the cycle shown here is an anabolic pathway?
A)cellular respiration
B)photosynthesis
C)breakdown of water
D)breakdown of carbon dioxide
4.
What law accounts for the decrease of energy at each trophic level?
A)second law of thermodynamics
B)first law of thermodynamics
C)law of biomass decrease
D)heterotrophic law
5.
How do anabolic pathways differ from catabolic pathways?
A)Anabolic pathways release energy by breaking down molecules.
B)Catabolic pathways use energy from anabolic pathways.
C)Anabolic pathways use energy to build molecules.
D)Anabolic pathways destroy energy.
6.
What is occurring in this process?

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A)ATP formation resulting in lost energy
B)ATP breakdown resulting in energy
C)Formation of an anabolic pathway
D)photosynthetic reaction
7.
Light-dependent reactions occur within chloroplast structures called ____.
A)pigment cells
B)vacuoles
C)mitochondria
D)thylakoids
8.
Chemiosmosis produces what substance?
A)citric acid
B)ATP
C)chlorophyll
D)solar energy
9.
What occurs in the first phase of photosynthesis?
A)light is converted to chemical energy
B)glucose is made
C)glucose joins with other molecules
D)glucose is converted to light
10.
What occurs in the first step of the cycle shown here?

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A)sunlight is absorbed
B)rubisco converts inorganic carbon dioxide
C)light is converted to chemical energy
D)carbon dioxide joins with other molecules
11.
Electrons are harvested from carbon compounds to make ATP during ____.
A)ATP cycling
B)cellular respiration
C)photosynthesis
D)glucose conversion
12.
What important function of cellular respiration occurs in the process shown?

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A)glycolysis
B)aerobic respiration
C)electron transport
D)citric acid production
13.
Which of these is not an essential feature of electron transport?
A)glucose breakdown
B)ATP production
C)citric acid cycle
D)conversion of ADP
14.
What important similarity do these two kinds of fermentation have?

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A)both are aerobic
B)both are anaerobic
C)both produce lactic acid
D)neither utilizes electron donation
15.
What substance is broken down during the Krebs cycle?
A)pyruvate
B)lactic acid
C)fermented alcohol
D)chlorophyll
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