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1 | |
In terms of what did G. E. Moore define goodness?
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| | A) | Pleasure.
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| | B) | Power.
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| | C) | Personal affection and aesthetic enjoyment.
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| | D) | Tricky! He claimed that it can't be defined.
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2 | |
What do moral judgments do, according to the emotivists?
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| | A) | Guide conduct.
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| | B) | Assert facts.
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| | C) | Express emotion and encourage others to feel the same way.
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| | D) | Create value.
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3 | |
What is not true of John Rawls's original position?
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| | A) | It leads to an entitlement view of justice.
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| | B) | It is a hypothetical, imaginary situation.
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| | C) | It involves dropping a veil of ignorance.
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| | D) | It assumes that people are rational and self-interested.
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4 | |
What is Rawls's position on the just distribution of income and wealth in a society?
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| | A) | It should be unequal unless a more equal distribution would benefit everyone.
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| | B) | It should be equal unless an unequal distribution would benefit everyone.
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| | C) | It should always be equal.
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| | D) | It should be based on effort, talent, and accomplishments.
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5 | |
Why does Robert Nozick believe that any state that goes beyond the minimal state is unjust?
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| | A) | Such a state fails to achieve communitarian consensus on the good.
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| | B) | Such a state necessarily involves redistributive taxation that violates persons' natural entitlement rights.
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| | C) | Such a state would not be agreed to by rational, self-interested individuals in a fair initial bargaining situation.
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| | D) | This is a trick question since Nozick is an anarchist libertarian who doesn't think that any state is just.
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6 | |
What is a thick moral argument, for Michael Walzer?
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| | A) | Moral argument that takes into account the actual, particular details of the association or culture involved.
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| | B) | Moral argument that focuses on abstract, universal questions of value, obligation, and justice.
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| | C) | Moral argument that is dense and hard to understand.
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| | D) | Systematic rather than piecemeal moral argument.
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7 | |
Which of the following is the political philosophy based on respect for established institutions and traditions?
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| | A) | conservatism
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| | B) | communism
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| | C) | facism
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| | D) | socialism
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8 | |
The attempt to understand the sources and criteria of moral value judgments is known as: |
| | A) | metaethics |
| | B) | normative ethics |
| | C) | deontological ethics |
| | D) | prima facie duties |
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9 | |
Which of the following is not one of the three main philosophical causes looked at when studying ecological crises?
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| | A) | anthropocentrism
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| | B) | democratic socialism
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| | C) | patriarchalism
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| | D) | authoritarian social structures
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10 | |
What is the name of the influential publication by John Rawls?
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| | A) | Killing and Starving to Death
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| | B) | Anarchy, State, and Utopia
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| | C) | A Theory of Justice
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| | D) | After Virtue
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2002 McGraw-Hill Higher Education