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Rains, Principles of Human Neuropsychology Book Cover
Principles of Human Neuropsychology
G. Dennis Rains, Kutztown University of Pennsylvania
Neural Mechanisms at the Molecular and Cellular Level

Chapter Outline

THE ADAPTIVE SIGNIFICANCE OF THE NERVOUS SYSTEM

THE CAPACITY FOR MODULATION: THE NEURON AND THE SYNAPSE

Discovery of the Neuron and the Synapse

General Components of the Neuron

Glia

Overview of Events at the Synapse

NEURAL ACTIVITY AT THE MOLECULAR AND CELLULAR LEVELS

Physical Forces Underlying Ion Movement

Membrane Resting Potential

Effects of Neurotransmitter Release on the Postsynaptic Membrane

Integration of Input at the Axon Hillock

The Action Potential

Saltatory Conduction

Neurotransmitter Release

Mechanisms for Clearing Neurotransmitter After Neuron Firing

Responses to Neurotransmitter-Receptor Binding

NEURONAL MECHANISMS OF LEARNING

Habituation and Sensitization in Aplysia: Examples of Presynaptic Modulation of Neuronal Activity

Classical Conditioning

Long-Term Potentiation

TWO EXCEPTIONS TO GENERAL RULES: RECEPTOR POTENTIALS AND ELECTRICAL TRANSMISSION

Receptor Potentials: Transmission Without Action Potentials

Electrical Transmission: Communication Between Neurons Without Chemical Synapses

SUMMARY









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