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1 | |
_______ is a standard developed by ANSI for fiber-optic networks. |
|
| | A) | SONET |
| | B) | SDH |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
|
2 | |
_______ is a standard developed by ITU-T. |
|
| | A) | SONET |
| | B) | SDH |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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3 | |
SONET has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________. |
|
| | A) | STSs |
| | B) | STMs |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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4 | |
SDH has defined a hierarchy of signals called ________. |
|
| | A) | STSs |
| | B) | STMs |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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5 | |
An ______ signal is the optical modulation of an STS-n (or STM-n) signal. |
|
| | A) | OC-n |
| | B) | TDM-n |
| | C) | FDM-n |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
6 | |
.SONET defines _______ layers. |
|
| | A) | two |
| | B) | three |
| | C) | four |
| | D) | five |
|
7 | |
SONET is a _______ TDM system. |
|
| | A) | asynchronous |
| | B) | synchronous |
| | C) | statistical |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
8 | |
A SONET system can use _________. |
|
| | A) | STS multiplexers |
| | B) | regenerators |
| | C) | add/drop multiplexers |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
9 | |
SONET sends ________ frames per second |
|
| | A) | 1000 |
| | B) | 2000 |
| | C) | 4000 |
| | D) | 8000 |
|
10 | |
In SONET each frame lasts _______ microseconds. |
|
| | A) | 20 |
| | B) | 64 |
| | C) | 128 |
| | D) | none of the above |
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11 | |
An STS-1 frame is made of ________ rows |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 9 |
| | C) | 90 |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
12 | |
An STS-1 frame is made ______columns |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 9 |
| | C) | 90 |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
13 | |
An STS-3 frame is made of ______ rows. |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 9 |
| | C) | 27 |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
14 | |
An STS-3 frame is made of ________ columns. |
|
| | A) | 9 |
| | B) | 90 |
| | C) | 270 |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
15 | |
SONET network topologies can be __________. |
|
| | A) | linear |
| | B) | ring |
| | C) | mesh |
| | D) | all of the above |
|
16 | |
A linear SONET network can be __________. |
|
| | A) | point-to-point |
| | B) | multipoint |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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17 | |
A ring SONET network can be _________. |
|
| | A) | unidirectional |
| | B) | bidirectional. |
| | C) | either (a) or (b) |
| | D) | neither (a) nor (b) |
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18 | |
To make SONET backward-compatible with the current hierarchy, its frame design includes a system of. |
|
| | A) | OCs |
| | B) | STMs |
| | C) | STSs |
| | D) | VTs |
|
19 | |
A ________ is a repeater. |
|
| | A) | regenerator |
| | B) | ADM |
| | C) | STS multiplexer/demultiplexer |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
20 | |
__________ allow insertion and extraction of signals. |
|
| | A) | regenerators |
| | B) | ADMs |
| | C) | STS multiplexer/demultiplexers |
| | D) | none of the above |
|
21 | |
A _______ is the optical link connecting two neighbor devices. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | none of the above |
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22 | |
A ______ is the portion of the network between two multiplexers. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | none of the above |
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23 | |
A ______is the end-to-end portion of the network between two STS multiplexers. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | none of the above |
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24 | |
The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal from its optical source to its optical destination. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | photonic |
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25 | |
The ____ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical line. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | photonic |
|
26 | |
The ______ layer is responsible for the movement of a signal across a physical section. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | photonic |
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27 | |
The _______ layer corresponds to the physical layer of the OSI model. |
|
| | A) | section |
| | B) | line |
| | C) | path |
| | D) | photonic |
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28 | |
An STS multiplexer is a ______ device. |
|
| | A) | one-layer |
| | B) | two-layer |
| | C) | three-layer |
| | D) | four-layer |
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29 | |
An add/drop multiplexer is a ______ device. |
|
| | A) | one-layer |
| | B) | two-layer |
| | C) | three-layer |
| | D) | four-layer |
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30 | |
A regenerator is a ________ device. |
|
| | A) | one-layer |
| | B) | two-layer |
| | C) | three-layer |
| | D) | four-layer |
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31 | |
In SONET, for each frame, the bytes are transmitted __________. |
|
| | A) | from left to the right, top to bottom |
| | B) | from right to the left, bottom to top |
| | C) | from left to the right, bottom to top |
| | D) | from right to the left, top to bottom |
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32 | |
In SONET, for each byte, the bits are transmitted ____________. |
|
| | A) | from least significant to the most significant |
| | B) | from most significant to the least significant |
| | C) | two at a time |
| | D) | three at a time |
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33 | |
Each ________in a SONET frame can carry a digitized voice channel. |
|
| | A) | bit |
| | B) | byte |
| | C) | frame |
| | D) | none of the above |
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34 | |
The section overhead consists of ______octets. |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 6 |
| | C) | 9 |
| | D) | 18 |
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35 | |
Line overhead consists of ________ bytes. |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 6 |
| | C) | 9 |
| | D) | 18 |
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36 | |
The path overhead consists of ______ bytes. |
|
| | A) | 1 |
| | B) | 6 |
| | C) | 9 |
| | D) | 18 |
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37 | |
In ________ APS, there are normally two lines: one working line and one protection line. Both lines are active all the time. |
|
| | A) | one-plus-one |
| | B) | one-to-one |
| | C) | one-to-many |
| | D) | none of the above |
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38 | |
In ______ APS, there is one working line and one protection line. The data are normally sent on the working line until it fails. |
|
| | A) | one-plus-one |
| | B) | one-to-one |
| | C) | one-to-many |
| | D) | none of the above |
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39 | |
In ________APS, there is only one protection line for many working lines. When a failure occurs in one of the working lines, the protection line takes control until the failed line is repaired. |
|
| | A) | one-plus-one |
| | B) | one-to-one |
| | C) | one-to-many |
| | D) | none of the above |