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1
As reported in "Elderly Americans," in comparing demographics of older female Americans of the last century to those of the present century, one finds that among today's elderly women there is a greater percentage who:
A)never married.
B)never divorced.
C)were never in the workforce.
D)had children.
2
As pointed out in "Elderly Americans," conditions that contributed to the aging of America during the first half of the twentieth century included:
A)rising fertility.
B)increases in international immigration.
C)improvements in adult health.
D)consistently healthy economy.
3
As noted in "Elderly Americans," women outnumber men at every age among the elderly.
A)True
B)False
4
As explained in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," about one percent of our cells are replaced every day, and:
A)aging is the decay that occurs when these cells are replaced.
B)when these cells grow incorrectly, cancers are formed.
C)this means your body is nearly replaced every three months.
D)with exercise and healthful living, one can slow this process significantly.
5
As mentioned in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," muscle cells live for approximately:
A)1 month.
B)10 days.
C)a few hours.
D)3 months.
6
As reported in "You Can Stop 'Normal' Aging," what we usually think of as "aging" is actually decay.
A)True
B)False
7
As reported in "Living Longer," building muscle helps with all of the following except:
A)increased metabolism
B)improving gastrointestinal efficiency substantially.
C)decreasing bone mass by up to 10 percent.
D)reducing blood pressure.
8
As noted in "Living Longer," recent research has produced an impressive body of research that shows that:
A)antioxidants may protect the body and brain against the ravages of aging.
B)more harm than good is characteristic of antioxidants.
C)dietary changes cannot slow aging.
D)women benefit from exercise far more than men.
9
As pointed out in "Living Longer," research has shown that one of the benefits of regular exercise is that it blunts the symptoms of depression.
A)True
B)False
10
According to "More Good Years," characteristics of life on Ikaria include:
A)early to bed and early to rise.
B)sexual abstinence after age 40.
C)a great deal of walking.
D)religious agnosticism.
11
As reported in "More Good Years," the typical Ikarian diet:
A)avoids red meat.
B)includes large quantities of fish.
C)avoids all forms of sugar.
D)includes plenty of fresh produce.
12
As pointed out in "More Good Years," drinking herbal teas is a lifelong daily ritual of the Ikarians.
A)True
B)False
13
According to "Will You Live to Be 100?" centenarians are:
A)baby boomers.
B)obese people.
C)people age 100 or more.
D)people who are sedentary.
14
As noted in "Will You Live to Be 100?" the incidence of colon cancer is decreased by:
A)flossing.
B)regular bowel movements.
C)increased coffee consumption.
D)sun tanning.
15
As suggested in "Will You Live to Be 100?" people who do not belong to cohesive families have increased levels of social and psychological stress.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "100-Year-Olds' Club," factors for the increase in centenarians include all of the following except:
A)genetics and lifestyle.
B)medical advances.
C)improved diets.
D)decreases in violent deaths among the young.
17
As stated in "100-Year-Olds' Club," the countries with the highest concentrations of centenarians are the United States and:
A)Norway.
B)Japan.
C)Greece.
D)Singapore.
18
As noted in "100-Year-Olds' Club," the continuing increase in American centenarians will decrease the need for nursing homes.
A)True
B)False
19
As reported in "The Secrets of Resilient People," all of the following are characteristics of resilient people except:
A)low tolerance for ambiguity.
B)optimism.
C)finding the silver lining.
D)playfulness.
20
As noted in "The Secrets of Resilient People," the turning point in Barbara Smith's grieving process was:
A)the birth of a grandchild.
B)joining an online support group.
C)finding a new job.
D)remarrying.
21
As pointed out in "The Secrets of Resilient People," there is a genetic component to resilience.
A)True
B)False
22
As reported in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," excess adiposity in older adults can be a risk factor for:
A)lung cancer.
B)mortality.
C)nearsightedness.
D)hypertension.
23
As maintained in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," a Korean study uncovered an association between BMI and:
A)gender.
B)decreased mobility.
C)chronic inflammatory state as evidenced by white blood cell counts.
D)chronic inflammatory state as evidenced by red blood cell counts.
24
As noted in "Overweight and Mortality among Baby Boomers," the defining cutoff BMI for obesity is 30.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "We Can Control How We Age," all of the following can contribute to aging well except:
A)not smoking.
B)avoiding obesity.
C)alcohol abstinence.
D)happy marriage.
26
As noted in "We Can Control How We Age," the Harvard study was a rarity in that it:
A)was limited to men.
B)was limited to women.
C)was funded by the government.
D)examined the well, not the sick.
27
As pointed out in "We Can Control How We Age," income accounts for a major part of better aging.
A)True
B)False
28
As noted in "Studies: Some Nursing Home Elderly Get Futile Care," the main goal of palliative care for the elderly is to:
A)reduce the expenses for elderly care.
B)relieve pain at the end of life.
C)attempt all conceivable cures.
D)shorten hospital stays.
29
As reported in "Studies: Some Nursing Home Elderly Get Futile Care," Medicare reimbursement for doctors who counsel patients on end-of-life issues:
A)encourages patients to commit suicide.
B)was opposed by the Obama Administration.
C)was a controversial part of the healthcare-reform debate.
D)incentivized euthanasia.
30
As stated in "Studies: Some Nursing Home Elderly Get Futile Care," the dialysis study received financial support from Amgen, a company that makes a drug for dialysis patients.
A)True
B)False
31
Many young and healthy adults, as explained in "Society Fears the Aging Process," avoid contact with elderly people because they fear:
A)the loss of independence associated with aging.
B)they will be obligated to spend increasing amounts of time with them.
C)they will have little in common with older people.
D)they might say something that will upset an older person.
32
As described in "Society Fears the Aging Process," when she first began visiting nursing homes, the author was most upset by the:
A)lack of visitors the residents received.
B)lack of concern the staff showed to the residents.
C)fear she might one day live in such a place.
D)sight of so many elderly people with little to say to each other.
33
In part because of the influence of present-focused advertising and television, as maintained in "Society Fears the Aging Process," the baby boomers can be considered an almost futureless generation.
A)True
B)False
34
As related in "The Law," the U.S. Supreme Court ruled against the age-discrimination claim of Jack Gross because:
A)his new job had a much higher salary than the old.
B)age was not the primary reason for his job change.
C)his old and new jobs were so different they could not be compared.
D)age had nothing to do with his job change.
35
As revealed in "Research: Oldest Americans Happiest," activities that contribute to happiness among the elderly include all of the following except:
A)volunteering.
B)attending religious services.
C)socializing with neighbors.
D)eating as much as they want.
36
People tend to think that age discrimination is not too bad, as maintained in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," because they can visualize it as an issue of:
A)politics.
B)economics.
C)civil rights.
D)interpersonal relations.
37
Age is so critical to employees, as put forth in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," that, in a recent study, it was considered more important in how workers are treated than all of the following attributes except:
A)education.
B)race.
C)sexual orientation.
D)religion.
38
Instances of age discrimination in the workplace, as noted in "The Under-Reported Impact of Age Discrimination and Its Threat to Business Vitality," are less common for African American and Hispanic workers than for white employees.
A)True
B)False
39
As reported in "Never Have a Heart Attack," compared to nonsmokers, people who smoke:
A)have no difference in their blood pressure.
B)have no difference in their good cholesterol.
C)tend to exercise more.
D)are more likely to die of heart disease.
40
In "Never Have a Heart Attack," the author's review of the risk factors for heart attack finds that:
A)they can generally not be changed by behavior.
B)they can be controlled with proper treatment.
C)most people have all the risk factors under control.
D)the risk factors do not respond to medication.
41
As stated in "Never Have a Heart Attack," excess weight boosts risk of heart attack equally wherever on the body you put the weight on.
A)True
B)False
42
As reported in "Good News About Cancer," the form of cancer with the highest number of cases in 2008 was:
A)lung cancer.
B)breast cancer.
C)colon cancer.
D)prostate cancer.
43
According to "Good News About Cancer," a growing consensus holds that over-treatment is being used in cases of:
A)older women with breast cancer.
B)men with colon cancer.
C)older men with localized prostate cancer.
D)women with colon cancer.
44
As noted in "Good News About Cancer," lung cancer is the leading cancer killer in men, but not women.
A)True
B)False
45
As claimed in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," in the United States and Canada, elder abuse is growing as:
A)the aging population increases and services are cut.
B)cultural changes encourage negative views of the elderly.
C)the elderly population decreases and the youth population increases.
D)more elderly people are put into nursing homes and other institutions.
46
As reported in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," some experts predict that the "crime of the century" against the elderly will be:
A)physical abuse.
B)lack of resources and services.
C)financial exploitation.
D)lack of family ties.
47
As noted in "Trust and Betrayal in the Golden Years," elder abuse is virtually unheard of in cultures that hold positive views of aging and the elderly.
A)True
B)False
48
As presented in "Alzheimer's--The Case for Prevention," cost-effective, scientifically robust steps that could dramatically reduce the incidence of dementia include all of the following except:
A)use of generic drugs.
B)lifestyle changes.
C)improved nutrition.
D)better diet.
49
As claimed in "Alzheimer's--The Case for Prevention," the same dietary changes that reduce the risk of Alzheimer's would also strongly benefit:
A)liver health.
B)improved vision.
C)cardiovascular health.
D)kidney function.
50
As explained in "Alzheimer's--The Case for Prevention," Omega-3 oils are a prerequisite of healthy brain function and may help prevent Alzheimer's.
A)True
B)False
51
As shown in "Retire Right," the most popular ways for putting money aside for retirement among those in the survey included all of the following except
A)investing in raw land.
B)participating in a 401(k) or 403(b) plan at work.
C)having an IRA.
D)building up equity in their homes.
52
As asserted in "Retire Right," among the survey respondents, the most common age group in which to retire was:
A)55-59.
B)60-64.
C)65-69.
D)70+.
53
One regret among the retirees surveyed, as reported in "Retire Right," was that they did not have even more money to enjoy themselves.
A)True
B)False
54
As noted in "Do It Yourself Financial Freedom," annuities:
A)cannot be bought after age 65.
B)vary in cost depending on your state of health.
C)should only be bought in their tax-deferred form.
D)are too complicated in the deferred annuities form.
55
Recommendations regarding investments made in "Do It Yourself Financial Freedom" include:
A)stick with bonds.
B)buy only blue chips.
C)avoid individual stocks.
D)avoid mutual funds.
56
According to "Do It Yourself Financial Freedom," people need to start saving before retirement.
A)True
B)False
57
As shown in "Keep Pace with Older Workers," research on its own workforce led Borders Books to:
A)make a concerted effort to hire workers aged 50 and over.
B)make a concerted effort to hire workers under age 30.
C)offer more retirement benefits.
D)offer early-retirement incentives to its executive staff.
58
As mentioned in "Keep Pace with Older Workers," although more mature workers may not be as adept physically or mentally as younger workers, they generally make up for any shortcoming with:
A)a greater ability to adapt to change.
B)more reliable maintenance of their skills.
C)better problem-solving skills and experience to back them up.
D)better adaptation to computer training.
59
A report by the Urban Institute shows that there is no correlation between age and job performance, as noted in "Keep Pace with Older Workers."
A)True
B)False
60
As noted in "Color Me Confident," a recent study by the Center for Retirement Research showed the percentage of working-age households at risk of being unable to maintain their standard of living through retirement to be:
A)10 percent.
B)25 percent.
C)45 percent.
D)80 percent.
61
As cited in "Color Me Confident," to avoid struggling in retirement, Americans need to:
A)take advantage of early-retirement incentive programs.
B)plan to work for more years and begin saving a greater percentage of income now.
C)lobby their Congressional representatives to make changes in Social Security law.
D)downsize their current standard of living.
62
Although most Americans fear their retirement benefits will not be sufficient to support them as outlined in "Color Me Confident," relatively few have taken significant steps to save more money.
A)True
B)False
63
As related in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," an individual's occupation is:
A)the sole means of identity.
B)easily given up for leisure pursuits.
C)perhaps the best single determinant of his or her status in the community.
D)not likely to be continued past middle age.
64
As set forth in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," changing activities and roles that accompany retirement:
A)need not lead to a loss of self-respect or of active involvement in the mainstream of life.
B)must utilize all facets of an older person's personality.
C)depends solely upon income.
D)determines a retiree's ultimate health and well-being.
65
As mentioned in "Work/Retirement Choices and Lifestyle Patterns of Older Americans," the relevance of work and leisure activities for an individual is rarely intertwined in his or her thinking.
A)True
B)False
66
The author of "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," supports:
A)enacting new procedures that would allow hospice and palliative caregivers to work together to benefit patients.
B)putting palliative care under the direction of hospices.
C)strictly separating hospice and palliative care.
D)making hospice care a subset of palliative care.
67
As explained in "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," U.S. hospice care initially placed great emphasis on care in:
A)private hospitals.
B)the home.
C)municipal hospitals.
D)stand-alone facilities.
68
As noted in "Development of Hospice and Palliative Care in the United States," U.S. palliative care began through an effort to transplant hospice care from the United Kingdom to the United States.
A)True
B)False
69
As pointed out in "The Grieving Process," the ultimate goal in conquering loneliness during grief is to build new independence or:
A)find a new and equally viable relationship.
B)avoid being alone with one's memories.
C)put the lost loved one out of mind.
D)find contentment entirely within oneself.
70
As identified in "The Grieving Process," states shared by Kubler-Ross's dying process and Kavanaugh's grieving process include:
A)relief.
B)bargaining.
C)denial.
D)guilt.
71
As reported in "The Grieving Process," many men find their grief through anger.
A)True
B)False
72
According to "End of Life Concerns and Care Preferences," the principal concern shared by elders and family caregivers in terminal-illness situations is:
A)taking too much medicine.
B)fear of pain.
C)running out of money.
D)losing sanity.
73
As noted in "End of Life Concerns and Care Preferences," all of the participants in the study:
A)lived in assisted-living facilities.
B)had no more than one chronic condition.
C)spoke English.
D)lived alone.
74
As reported in "End of Life Concerns and Care Preferences," the majority of the caregivers reported that caring for their elders had become a burden.
A)True
B)False
75
According to "The Myriad Strategies for Seeking Control in the Dying Process," the majority of the subjects in the study said that they:
A)only used selective primary control.
B)could no longer rely completely on themselves and had to ask for help.
C)used a primary control strategy in combination with another primary or compensatory secondary strategy.
D)made no effort to regain control.
76
As noted in "The Myriad Strategies for Seeking Control in the Dying Process," factors that have been reported by elders as important to experiencing a quality death include all of the following except:
A)feeling a sense of purpose.
B)being able to maintain dignity.
C)not feeling like a burden.
D)completing life's work.
77
As stated in "The Myriad Strategies for Seeking Control in the Dying Process," elders report that their illness is the main reason they do not have as much control over their bodies as they would like.
A)True
B)False
78
As reported in "The Great Escape," Arlene Johnson went into a nursing home because she:
A)lost her sight.
B)had no family.
C)had to recuperate from surgery.
D)was a crime victim.
79
As noted in "The Great Escape," the first thing Nathan Bowman-Johnston needed to do for Arlene Johnson was:
A)establish a checking account for her.
B)find her a place to live.
C)get her a legal form of identification.
D)find some additional income for her.
80
As stated in "The Great Escape," elderly people who qualify for Medicaid may not use these funds for nursing home care.
A)True
B)False
81
As noted in "Where to Live as We Age," a major benefit of friendlier and more comfortable living accommodations over traditional nursing homes is:
A)greater patient compliance with medical advice and directives.
B)substantial savings for government healthcare agencies since they do not cover such long-term care options.
C)easier access for patients to highly-skilled medical personnel.
D)less depression among residents and increased ability to perform activities of daily living.
82
As reported in "Where to Live as We Age," in an effort to encourage a homier atmosphere rather than a cold, institutional, and medical environment, the director of nursing at the Cohoes Green House has:
A)restricted the use of hospital-type carts for delivery of medication; a more informal tea cart is used to transport items to residents.
B)restricted the use of traditional sedating tranquilizers to calm residents, preferring to utilize more holistic and homeopathic approaches to create a serene residence.
C)eliminated the requirement that medical staff wear uniforms.
D)instituted a policy of treating residents as co-owners of the residential home and not as medical patients.
83
As mentioned in "Where to Live as We Age," nursing homes house almost 1.4 million senior citizens in the United States.
A)True
B)False
84
As reported in "Seniors and the City," architect and city planner Michael Hunt says communities should be designed so people can age in place because:
A)nobody wants to live in a retirement home.
B)there is no way to have enough age-specific housing to take care of the elderly.
C)the elderly are an asset.
D)the law requires it.
85
As noted in "Seniors and the City," the thing that attracted social worker Fredda Vladeck's attention to Penn South was the:
A)high mortality rate among males.
B)low crime rates.
C)strong social-support network.
D)disproportionately high numbers of residents coming to the emergency room.
86
As stated in "Seniors and the City," Rob Goldberg of the United Jewish Association contends that naturally occurring retirement communities cannot be sustainable without government help.
A)True
B)False
87
As reported in "Declaration of Independents," what separates Beacon Hill Village from other retirement communities is that it:
A)charges low fees.
B)provides services in homes.
C)has assured-quality-service providers.
D)accepts people under age 60.
88
As noted in "Declaration of Independents," among the free benefits offered by Beacon Hill Village are all of the following except:
A)weekly car service to the grocery.
B)exercise classes.
C)home maintenance.
D)lectures by notable Bostonians.
89
As pointed out in "Declaration of Independents," using Beacon Hill Villages' a la carte services is often cheaper than assisted living.
A)True
B)False
90
As disclosed in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," Japan's retirement burden is expected to have less of a negative economic impact in 2030 than that of other developed countries because:
A)it has the least-rapidly aging population in the developed world.
B)Japanese society never adopted the pension system of funding retirement and its citizens are quite successful in saving individually.
C)people tend to work later into life than do workers in other parts of the developed world.
D)the Japanese economy has not suffered the recessionary hits that have plagued the rest of the developed world.
91
As discussed in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," most government retirement plans are financed on a "pay-as-you-go" basis, meaning:
A)funds paid out to retirees are collected from taxes on current workers.
B)workers pay into individual retirement accounts through their working lives, in essence accumulating a government-run savings account.
C)taxes are collected from retirees' private pensions to pay for government benefits.
D)funds are paid out to retirees using a two-tier plan to calculate benefit amount.
92
As noted in "Dignified Retirement: Lessons from Abroad," for every worker in America there are approximately four retired persons.
A)True
B)False
93
According to "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform," original criticisms of Social Security were based on the claim that it was:
A)socialistic.
B)unsustainable.
C)too expensive.
D)unnecessary.
94
Regarding Social Security and politics, the author of "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform" notes that:
A)Big Labor has been seen by people as an enemy of Social Security.
B)Democrats argue that a larger trust fund would not help Social Security.
C)polls show that voters trust Republicans more than Democrats on Social Security.
D)Democrats in the 2000 election realized that Social Security lockboxes were nonsense.
95
As pointed out in "Social Security's 70th Anniversary: Surviving 20 Years of Reform," partial privatization of Social Security would lead to larger retirement payments for most retirees.
A)True
B)False
96
As reported in "Beyond Wisdom: Business Dimensions of an Aging America," economic conclusions the author reaches from demographic trends include that:
A)there is likely to be a shortage of jobs for the next generation.
B)more spending will be concentrated in the hands of older and older consumers.
C)as the average age goes up, the rate of economic growth increases.
D)as families get smaller, they get poorer.
97
As noted in "Beyond Wisdom: Business Dimensions of an Aging America," the group with the lowest birth rate per woman is:
A)Hispanics.
B)Blacks.
C)Asian Americans.
D)Whites.
98
As pointed out in "Beyond Wisdom: Business Dimensions of an Aging America," the Pew Research Center study found that the older a person gets, the greater the gap between their actual age and the age they feel.
A)True
B)False
99
As noted in "The New Face of Health Care," aside from the expected healthcare benefits garnered from improving quality, gains are also found in:
A)patient satisfaction.
B)significantly shortened hospital stays.
C)significantly lowered healthcare costs.
D)increased salaries for healthcare workers.
100
As set forth in "The New Face of Health Care," one thing that patients may not access via electronic health records is:
A)physicians' notes.
B)financial records such as invoices.
C)immunization records.
D)routine test results such as cholesterol levels.
101
As pointed out in "The New Face of Health Care," Medicare patients who require a hospital stay have an 18 percent chance of requiring another hospital admission within 30 days of discharge.
A)True
B)False
102
As remarked in "Riding Into the Sunset," America is a very wealthy nation, and the expanded longevity of its citizens is:
A)a financial burden putting many strains on fiscal solvency.
B)reaching a critical mass unsupportable by the social service system.
C)not a financial burden but an enormous underdeveloped asset.
D)limited to only the wealthy.
103
As explained in "Riding Into the Sunset," the great inequity in modern life is:
A)economic insecurity that prevents people from exploring life's larger questions.
B)medical care not keeping up with modern science.
C)third world nations' lack of ability to keep up with modern times.
D)the fact that children want their elders to move away from their lives.
104
As given in "Riding Into the Sunset," during the past generation, tax-exempt 401 (k) and IRA accounts became the principal pension plan for working people, displacing the traditional company pension.
A)True
B)False
105
According to "7 Critical Maneuvers," people in the United States who do not have healthcare insurance:
A)outnumber those who do.
B)outnumber those with Medicare and Medicaid combined.
C)are decreasing in number.
D)are increasing in number.
106
As reported in "7 Critical Maneuvers," the largest portion of healthcare costs in the United States is funded by:
A)the Veterans Administration and other public programs.
B)Medicaid.
C)personal pockets.
D)employer and individual private insurance.
107
As stated in "7 Critical Maneuvers," the amount you must spend to emerge from the drug coverage doughnut hole increased between 2006 and 2010.
A)True
B)False
108
In the survey discussed in "As Good As It Gets," the only nation from among the following that ranked lower than the United States in providing for retirees was:
A)Japan.
B)Canada.
C)Germany.
D)Australia.
109
According to "As Good As It Gets," the United States rates worst among nations on:
A)college education.
B)per capita income.
C)home care.
D)total health costs.
110
As noted in "As Good As It Gets," a likely outcome of the revisions in the Swedish retirement system is that Swedes will have to work longer.
A)True
B)False
111
As claimed in "Population Aging, Entitlement Growth, and the Economy," factors changing the U.S. age structure include all of the following except:
A)increasing longevity.
B)surging AIDS deaths.
C)low fertility rates.
D)graying of the baby boomers.





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