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Practice Quiz
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1
According to “The Day Nothing Much Changed,” the remarkable thing about trends in the world since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks (9/11) on the World Trade Center and the Pentagon is that:
A)the majority of the world is much safer from terrorism now.
B)the forces of globalization have decreased.
C)not much has changed at all with regard to politics, economics, and social trends.
D)U.S. foreign policy is far clearer and better defined.
2
As defined in “The Day Nothing Much Changed,” “unipolar disorder” refers to the:
A)imbalance of world power that puts the United States on top.
B)Cold War between Russia and the United States.
C)philosophies of Osama bin Laden that led to 9/11.
D)response of the United States to 9/11.
3
As noted in “The Day Nothing Much Changed,” the idea that 9/11 marked the beginning of a new chapter in history was simply a reflection of U.S. narcissism.
A)True
B)False
4
As claimed in “How Globalization Went Bad,” with globalization, the goal of the United States is to:
A)unite diverse nations around the world.
B)coordinate the entire globalized world.
C)share responsibility for the world market with other powerful nations.
D)end unilateral globalization strategies.
5
As defined in “How Globalization Went Bad,” the concept of “distributed government” refers to:
A)U.S. global power.
B)several great powers in the global system.
C)equal power among all nations.
D)the law of diminishing returns.
6
As asserted in “How Globalization Went Bad,” monopolies are rarely problematic as long as those in power are alert to problems and consequences.
A)True
B)False
7
As characterized in "Hegemony on the Cheap," "classical liberal assumptions," which have guided U.S. foreign policy from the early twentieth century to the present, posit that:
A)the United States should foster democracy and free trade across the globe.
B)it is the responsibility of a centralized government to provide social services for its citizens.
C)ensuring market stability will inevitably produce democratic conditions.
D)creation of a stable world peace depends on intervention by elite, enlightened world leaders.
8
A key failure in the Bush Administration's approach to the wars on Afghanistan and Iraq, as observed in "Hegemony on the Cheap," involves:
A)preemptive military intervention.
B)ill-conceived military strategy during the early phases of active conflict.
C)insufficient attention paid to building domestic support for these conflicts.
D)lack of resources devoted to post-war reconstruction.
9
In contrast to Richard Nixon, both Jimmy Carter and Ronald Reagan emphasized a reassertion of liberal foreign policy ideals in their presidencies, as noted in "Hegemony on the Cheap."
A)True
B)False
10
As reported in "The Eagle Has Crash Landed," the event that determined the geopolitical constraints of the second half of the twentieth century was the:
A)founding of the United Nations.
B)Yalta meeting of Roosevelt, Stalin, and Churchill.
C)development of nuclear weapons.
D)establishment of the state of Israel.
11
As pointed out in "The Eagle Has Crash Landed," hawks in the United States believe that:
A)the United States should act as an imperial power.
B)the United States cannot successfully invade Iraq.
C)nothing can slow the decline of the United States in international affairs.
D)Washington must have the support of Europe to act in the Middle East.
12
As stated in "The Eagle Has Crash Landed," Saddam Hussein would never have dared invade Kuwait had the Yalta agreements remained in place.
A)True
B)False
13
As claimed in “Grand Strategy for a Divided America,” looking at politics today, it can be said that at no other time since World War II has America seen such:
A)overwhelming cooperation between political parties.
B)disagreement between the American public and its leaders.
C)stark divisions between Democratic and Republican ideology.
D)public support for its current government’s platforms.
14
As asserted in “Grand Strategy for a Divided America,” the path to U.S. security is:
A)solvency.
B)partisanship.
C)national debate.
D)new leadership.
15
As noted in “Grand Strategy for a Divided America,” the historical norm for American politics is partisan wrangling.
A)True
B)False
16
As presented in “The Palmerstonian Moment,” a notable, and positive, absence from the agenda of the U.S. president succeeding George W. Bush will be:
A)globalization.
B)American unpopularity abroad.
C)a stretched-thin military.
D)great power conflict.
17
As claimed in “The Palmerstonian Moment,” the bad news for the incoming U.S. president is that:
A)there will be few predictable U.S. allies.
B)Europe’s capacity for military intervention is increasing.
C)Japan has become more globally inclined.
D)Germany and France have become increasingly anti-American.
18
As suggested in “The Palmerstonian Moment,” a specific international goal or arrangement will fail unless all powerful nations agree on it and sign on to cooperate.
A)True
B)False
19
The eventual decline of most empires, as maintained in "Strategic Fatigue," is usually the result of:
A)overthrow by a stronger power.
B)dissatisfaction on the part of the general public.
C)economic factors.
D)domestic policy mistakes.
20
A multipolar world, as explained in "Strategic Fatigue," multiplies the power of smaller states because it enables them to:
A)exist quietly in the shadow of one of the superpowers.
B)form temporary coalitions to counteract the actions of the superpowers.
C)experiment with their own government structures and policies.
D)fight local wars with the support of one or more of the superpowers.
21
In spite of its international power, as put forth in "Strategic Fatigue," the United States has so far avoided any suggestion that it has an empire.
A)True
B)False
22
As described in "Exploiting Rivalries: Putin's Foreign Policy," Russian President Vladimir Putin's strategy for increasing the strength and influence of Russia in international politics is to:
A)remain neutral in conflicts between other nations.
B)play the various sides in international conflicts against one another.
C)threaten other nations with Russia's military power.
D)withhold economic aid to other nations until they grant concessions to Russia.
23
As reported in "Exploiting Rivalries: Putin's Foreign Policy," in 2002 when the United States sought to remove Saddam Hussein from power, Moscow angered Saddam by:
A)backing the U.S. plan to oust him.
B)breaking off the agreements that had been reached between Iraq and Russia regarding Iraqi oil.
C)refusing to comply with the "oil for food" program.
D)seeking assurances from Washington that Russia's oil deals with Iraq would be honored after Saddam's removal.
24
As explained in "Exploiting Rivalries: Putin's Foreign Policy," in recent years, Russia has become more powerful in its international relationships, both feared as a threat and valued as a friend.
A)True
B)False
25
As presented in “Russia and the West: Mutually Assured Distrust,” one event that reflects the relationship between Vladimir Putin and the current U.S. administration is:
A)Russia’s acceptance as the site for the 2014 Winter Olympics.
B)George W. Bush’s invitation to Putin to meet in Kennebunkport, Maine.
C)Putin’s refusal to share intelligence about terrorist activity with the United States.
D)U.S. disinterest in setting up business operations in Russia.
26
As noted in “Russia and the West: Mutually Assured Distrust,” observers in the West viewed Russia as taking a step backward in democratization when Putin:
A)took over Russia’s major television networks.
B)charged Western oil companies with polluting the environment.
C)reenacted Boris Yeltsin’s governmental policies.
D)abolished direct elections for governors.
27
As discussed in “Russia and the West: Mutually Assured Distrust,” Estonia and Lithuania are still under Russian control and so must follow Putin’s policies, even if they do not agree with them.
A)True
B)False
28
According to “America’s Asia-Pacific Strategy Is Out of Kilter,” Chinese defense industries:
A)will never be equal to those of the United States.
B)are supplemented by arms-sales arrangements with Russia.
C)have not enhanced China’s capacity to interfere in American information networks.
D)have seen a steady qualitative decline.
29
On the question of de-nuclearization of the Korean peninsula, the author of “America’s Asia-Pacific Strategy Is Out of Kilter” notes that:
A)China has no vested interest in the question.
B)China favors the two-party talks insisted upon by Pyongyang.
C)such de-nuclearization is critical to Chinese security.
D)China has no negotiating leverage with Kim Jong Il.
30
As stated in “America’s Asia-Pacific Strategy Is Out of Kilter,” the Chinese view a strong U.S.-Japan alliance as a challenge to China’s core geopolitical interests.
A)True
B)False
31
According to “China’s Challenge to U.S. Hegemony,” the biggest reason for the decline of American hegemony is the:
A)collapse of the Soviet Union.
B)U.S. war in Iraq.
C)rise of China as a world power.
D)Sino-American war.
32
As defined in “China’s Challenge to U.S. Hegemony,” to the United States, a “peer competitor” is a nation that is:
A)involved in cooperative relationships with the United States.
B)powerful enough to threaten U.S. hegemony.
C)engaged in war with the United States.
D)accepts the United States as the most powerful nation in the world.
33
As asserted in “China’s Challenge to U.S. Hegemony,” the one thing that threatens to draw the United States into a war with China would be a challenge to American primacy.
A)True
B)False
34
As presented in “North Korea’s Nuclear Neurosis,” both sides of the North Korean nuclear debate agree that:
A)a deal should be made with North Korea.
B)North Korea is using nuclear development as a bid for respect.
C)an attempt should be made to overthrow North Korean leadership.
D)North Korean nuclear development does not pose any particular threat.
35
According to “North Korea’s Nuclear Neurosis,” the North Korean leaders’ concept of national identity was likely to have solidified as a result of the:
A)country’s dealings with George W. Bush.
B)Nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty.
C)country’s failure to procure adequate nuclear weapons.
D)Korean War.
36
As claimed in “North Korea’s Nuclear Neurosis,” clear nuclear-weapons ambitions have historically been much less common than assumed.
A)True
B)False
37
As claimed in “Requiem for the Monroe Doctrine,” a recent trend for Latin America and the Caribbean has been to:
A)deepen ties with the United States and reject alliances with other foreign powers.
B)call the Monroe Doctrine into play in their interactions with the United States.
C)reject leaders who do not support and agree with the United States.
D)seek greater independence from the United States and strengthen ties with other foreign nations.
38
As presented in “Requiem for the Monroe Doctrine,” the Monroe Doctrine was a foreign policy created by President James Monroe that asserted the United States’ right to:
A)oppose foreign powers in the Western Hemisphere.
B)establish economic and political agreements with Latin America.
C)control the governments of Latin America.
D)remain free of any obligation to foreign nations.
39
As noted in “Requiem for the Monroe Doctrine,” since its inception, the Monroe Doctrine has neither required nor undergone any reinterpretation by U.S. leaders.
A)True
B)False
40
As claimed in “Mirror-Imaging the Mullahs,” the truth of Islam, not so easily understood by Westerners, is that the devout version embraced by Islamic states:
A)heals and creates harmony between nations.
B)intrudes upon and distorts dealings between nations.
C)reflects a mirror image of the Christianity practiced in Western nations.
D)is rapidly disappearing.
41
As asserted in “Mirror-Imaging the Mullahs,” the greatest impediment to rational American policy directed toward Islamic nations is a Western tendency to:
A)dismiss or ignore Islam as a world religion.
B)attempt to convert Muslims to Christianity.
C)accept Islam as an integral part of political negotiations.
D)recast Islam into a version of Christianity.
42
As stated in “Mirror-Imaging the Mullahs,” well-educated Middle Eastern Muslims do not let their religion determine their political behavior.
A)True
B)False
43
According to “U.S. Africa Command: A New Strategic Paradigm?,” the plan for the new Africa Command (AFRICOM) is to assist African partners in:
A)fighting and winning wars.
B)protecting their borders.
C)stabilizing Africa’s environment.
D)transforming Africa into a great world power.
44
As presented in “U.S. Africa Command: A New Strategic Paradigm?,” the strategy in use during the creation of AFRICOM that was not seen during the creation of other unified commands involves the:
A)formation of a partnership with the affected nations.
B)use of military force to create the command.
C)input of foreign officials outside of Africa.
D)splitting of Africa into different sectors managed by separate commands.
45
As claimed in “U.S. Africa Command: A New Strategic Paradigm?,” the primary goal in the creation of AFRICOM is the establishment of a U.S. leadership role on the continent.
A)True
B)False
46
As reported in “Foggy Bloggom,” the major difference between the blogging community and the foreign policy community (FPC) is that the FPC is:
A)ultra-liberal in its political views.
B)not concerned about credentials.
C)moderate and modulated.
D)big on self-promotion.
47
As noted in “Foggy Bloggom,” the one thing that bloggers and the FPC can agree upon is their:
A)contempt for the neocons.
B)views on foreign policy.
C)political ideology.
D)scorn for intellectuals.
48
As claimed in “Foggy Bloggom,” bloggers are not concerned about being seen as respectable agents of news and commentary.
A)True
B)False
49
As reported in “The War We Deserve,” the current—and incorrect—narrative about America and the Iraq War is that the:
A)American people are to blame.
B)country has been hijacked by a small group of neoconservatives.
C)United States is winning the war on terror.
D)current situation cannot be remedied.
50
As claimed in “The War We Deserve,” since the 9/11 terrorist attacks, Americans have been committed to a political philosophy that demands:
A)sacrifice from the American people.
B)retribution for American losses.
C)ongoing war to protect American interests.
D)much from the government, but little from the people.
51
As defined in “The War We Deserve,” neoliberals are conservative Republicans who favor big government and liberal ideas.
A)True
B)False
52
Apart from terrorism and the war in Iraq, as presented in "The Tipping Points," Americans are deeply concerned about all of the following foreign-policy issues except:
A)U.S. dependence on foreign energy supplies.
B)illegal immigration.
C)the loss of long-standing allies.
D)U.S. jobs moving overseas.
53
The erosion in confidence in the policy of spreading democracy abroad, as reported in "The Tipping Points," has been most significant among:
A)moderate Republicans.
B)Republicans who regularly attend religious services.
C)recently registered Democratic voters.
D)Democrats who consider themselves liberals.
54
Overall, as stated in "The Tipping Points," in the most recent survey from Public Agenda, the general public appears to be more confident about U.S. foreign policy compared to an earlier survey.
A)True
B)False
55
The first thing any president must do in order to lead effectively on economic issues, as put forth in "Trade Talk," is to:
A)assemble a team of advisors with varying viewpoints.
B)convince the public that trade is important.
C)reduce unemployment levels.
D)explain the international importance of economic policies.
56
For developing countries, as maintained in "Trade Talk," exposure to the global economy has all of the following social benefits except:
A)the spread of democracy.
B)increased rule of law.
C)greater educational opportunities.
D)reduced violence.
57
According to "Trade Talk," bilateral relations have improved with every country that has signed a free trade agreement with the United States.
A)True
B)False
58
In the opinion of the author of "The Return of the Imperial Presidency?" the Bush Administration:
A)has exercised extra-constitutional power.
B)lacks the support of Congress for the war on terrorism.
C)backed up Vice President Cheney's claim of executive privilege.
D)has destroyed the balance of powers.
59
As noted in "The Return of the Imperial Presidency?" the weakening of the committee prerogatives and powers of Congress:
A)came about through action by the judiciary.
B)was done by Congress itself.
C)resulted from widespread corruption in the 1970s.
D)resulted from the weakening of party leadership.
60
As reported in "The Return of the Imperial Presidency?" Alexander Hamilton argued that war strengthens the executive at the expense of legislative authority.
A)True
B)False
61
Since the end of the Cold War, as described in "The Truman Standard," comparisons between their current situations and the challenges faced by the Truman Administration have been made by the:
A)President.
B)Secretary of Defense.
C)Treasury Secretary.
D)Secretary of State.
62
Comparisons made by the Bush Administration to the Truman presidency, as pointed out in "The Truman Standard," often overlook the fact that the Truman Administration:
A)developed the tools to implement its policies over the long term.
B)carried out its plans through an economic depression.
C)did not have the full support of the Congress.
D)forged important international alliances.
63
Equating the Bush Administration with the Truman Administration, as maintained in "The Truman Standard," overall highlights more of the Bush Administration's strengths than its shortcomings.
A)True
B)False
64
According to “Extraordinary Rendition and the Wages of Hypocrisy,” extraordinary rendition as practiced by the United States is a form of:
A)gathering intelligence information.
B)protecting U.S. interests abroad.
C)“outsourcing” torture.
D)punishing guilty prisoners.
65
As claimed in “Extraordinary Rendition and the Wages of Hypocrisy,” under the current U.S. system of extraordinary rendition, torture is:
A)accepted as a collateral consequence of the system.
B)now allowed in the United States for suspected terrorists.
C)forbidden for any U.S. prisoner.
D)the primary goal of rendition.
66
As reported in “Extraordinary Rendition and the Wages of Hypocrisy,” the document signed by George W. Bush on September 17, 2001, allows the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) to kill, capture, or detain al-Qaeda members anywhere in the world.
A)True
B)False
67
As suggested in “The Homeland Security Hash,” one word that could be used to describe the Department of Homeland Security is:
A)efficient.
B)powerful.
C)dysfunctional.
D)simplistic.
68
According to “The Homeland Security Hash,” the fundamental problem with the Department of Homeland Security is that it:
A)lacks a unified mission.
B)is not large enough to carry out its mission.
C)does not have a stated purpose for existence.
D)has been given no budget.
69
As claimed in “The Homeland Security Hash,” since the formation of the Department of Homeland Security, the majority of presidentially declared disasters have been terrorism related.
A)True
B)False
70
As claimed in “Coming Soon: A Crisis in Civil-Military Relations,” the new U.S. president elected in 2008 will inherit a:
A)potential civil-military conflict.
B)well-constructed military plan of action.
C)military problem created by President Clinton.
D)friendly and cooperative U.S. military.
71
As asserted in “Coming Soon: A Crisis in Civil-Military Relations,” military leaders are united in their:
A)opinions about the Iraq war.
B)desire for a Republican president.
C)satisfaction with today’s military.
D)contempt for today’s politicians.
72
As stated in “Coming Soon: A Crisis in Civil-Military Relations,” today’s elected officials think highly of the current U.S. military.
A)True
B)False
73
According to “The Right Stuff,” of the three reports prepared by the intelligence community, two that were completely ignored by the administration dealt with the:
A)dangers of the Iraqi weapons program.
B)reasons to go to war in Iraq.
C)challenges presented by a regime change in Iraq.
D)reasons not to go to war in Iraq.
74
As asserted in “The Right Stuff,” the Bush Administration’s decision to go to war in Iraq was based on the:
A)threat assessments provided by the intelligence community.
B)State Department’s comprehensive study.
C)rational process of war planning typically undertaken by government principals.
D)administration’s desire to enhance U.S. influence in the Middle East.
75
As claimed in “The Right Stuff,” the intelligence community’s primary goal in preparing self-initiated reports was to stop the administration from going to war in Iraq.
A)True
B)False
76
As claimed in “When Congress Stops Wars,” the decisive factor in determining whether lawmakers will oppose or acquiesce in presidential calls for war is:
A)how strong a case for war the president is able to make.
B)whether or not members of Congress agree with going to war.
C)the partisan composition of Congress at the time.
D)how aggressive or intimidating that particular president is able to be.
77
As noted in “When Congress Stops Wars,” the increase in Congressional oversight after the 2006 midterm elections was a result of the:
A)Democrats gaining control of Congress.
B)president acting without Congressional approval.
C)Republicans attempting to regain popularity with constituents.
D)administration making decisions in secrecy.
78
As stated in When Congress Stops Wars,” overall, Congress has very little power when it comes to dictating the conduct of war.
A)True
B)False
79
Historians chronicling foreign affairs, as explained in "Law, Liberty and War," tend to define their timelines on the basis of:
A)international economic issues.
B)presidential administrations.
C)military conflicts.
D)far-reaching treaties.
80
According to Anne-Marie Slaughter, as presented in "Law, Liberty and War," telling citizens that they live in wartime is good for increasing defense budgets as well as:
A)inspiring a sense of patriotism.
B)expanding presidential power.
C)distracting attention away from domestic problems.
D)consolidating legislative power.
81
As maintained by Jeremy Rabkin in "Law, Liberty and War," the current war has had far less impact on individual civil liberties in the United States than past conflicts.
A)True
B)False
82
As described in "Words vs. Deeds: President George W. Bush and Polling," President George W. Bush's administration:
A)makes all its decisions based on poll results.
B)has engaged in anti-polling rhetoric.
C)uses polls only for domestic issues.
D)depends on the same pollsters as the Clinton Administration.
83
A key role for polling in presidential policymaking has been assured in the administration of George W. Bush by his close relationship with:
A)Karl Rove.
B)Lee Atwater.
C)Robert Teeter.
D)Patrick Caddell.
84
As mentioned in "Words vs. Deeds: President George W. Bush and Polling," President George W. Bush is noted for his disdain of public opinion polls.
A)True
B)False
85
As claimed in “Neo-Conservatives, Liberal Hawks, and the War on Terror,” the Cold War necessarily affects how the War on Terror is waged because:
A)the Cold War provided many valuable lessons for the United States.
B)nothing much has changed in the U.S. military institutions since the Cold War.
C)Cold War tactics and techniques have never been seriously examined or critiqued.
D)Cold War tactics and techniques are the most effective in existence for fighting an enemy.
86
As noted in “Neo-Conservatives, Liberal Hawks, and the War on Terror,” the strategy that ultimately proved most effective during the Cold War was that of:
A)preventive war.
B)rollback.
C)preemptive war.
D)containment.
87
As presented in “Neo-Conservatives, Liberal Hawks, and the War on Terror,” the “incompetence dodge” refers to the Bush Administration’s excuses for its incompetence in handling the Iraq war.
A)True
B)False
88
The central problem with the Bush Administration's approach to national security, as explicated in "The Pros from Dover," concerns its:
A)processes for implementing National Security Council decisions.
B)lack of attention to detail.
C)conceptualization of the fight against terrorism as a war.
D)methods of policymaking.
89
At the outset of its term in office, as maintained in "The Pros from Dover," the Bush Administration's national security priority involved:
A)resolving international ethnic- and religious-based conflicts.
B)combating international terrorism.
C)combating domestic terrorist threats.
D)refashioning U.S. relationships with traditional allies.
90
As detailed in "The Pros from Dover," President Bush received intelligence reports in the summer of 2001 warning of specific, imminent threats from Al Qaeda.
A)True
B)False
91
As posited in "America's Sticky Power," the fundamental rule guiding U.S. security policy since the early nineteenth century has been to:
A)project U.S. power abroad.
B)maintain the Western Hemisphere free of European or Asian influence.
C)create robust international institutions to maintain global peace.
D)prevent conflict between the major world powers through military deterrence.
92
According to "America's Sticky Power," one the main accomplishments U.S. foreign policy achieved in the twentieth century is the:
A)creation of international institutions to monitor and enforce human rights.
B)development of sound methods for reducing the proliferation of weapons of mass destruction.
C)advancement toward global economic integration and free trade.
D)reduction of poverty and gross disparities in wealth distribution internationally.
93
As posed in "America's Sticky Power," one of the key problems in making the U.S. economy a global "consumer of last resort" is that such a policy stimulates debilitating trade deficits.
A)True
B)False
94
The most immediate example of a country using its oil-production capabilities to act against U.S. interests and undermine its influence in a region, as described in "The New Axis of Oil," can be found in:
A)Venezuela.
B)China.
C)Nigeria.
D)Saudi Arabia.
95
At the center of the increasingly assertive axis of oil, as put forth in "The New Axis of Oil," are Russia and:
A)Iran.
B)India.
C)China.
D)Turkey.
96
It seems likely, as stated in "The New Axis of Oil," that the world has reached the peak point of global oil supplies.
A)True
B)False
97
As claimed in “The Coming Financial Pandemic,” the global economy has been unbalanced in recent years due to the:
A)coming recession in the United States.
B)influence of China in the global marketplace.
C)subprime mortgage crisis.
D)spending habits of Americans and America.
98
As presented in “The Coming Financial Pandemic,” the pattern of trade in Asia has changed, in that now:
A)China produces and manufactures all goods coming out of Asia.
B)Asian countries are producing components, which are then sent to China to assemble and export.
C)Asians are the world’s biggest consumers, and Asian countries are the biggest importers of goods.
D)what happens in the United States no longer affects Asian nations.
99
As noted in “The Coming Financial Pandemic,” if America falls into a recession and American consumers stop spending, global buyers will pick up the slack.
A)True
B)False
100
According to "Requiem for the Bush Doctrine," by the standards of preventive war, the war in Iraq:
A)is only partially justifiable.
B)must be categorized a military failure.
C)will have to be a long-term event.
D)was an example of overkill.
101
In discussing the current state of the U.S. military, the author of "Requiem for the Bush Doctrine" suggests that it:
A)must have an expanded and updated arsenal to be effective.
B)is ready to flood the most obscure areas of the Earth with troops at a moment's notice.
C)has gotten unmanageably large.
D)does not possess the depth required to implement a policy of preventive war on a sustained basis.
102
As stated in "Requiem for the Bush Doctrine," today the United States appears to be providing fewer public goods while at the same time the irritations associated with U.S. dominance seem to be growing.
A)True
B)False
103
As claimed in “Outsourcing War,” private military firms (PMFs) are used:
A)rarely, and only when a country does not have sufficient military forces.
B)only to oversee strategic wartime planning.
C)to provide both the goods and the services of war.
D)only by the United States.
104
As explained in “Outsourcing War,” the “gold-rush effect” created by the Iraq war has resulted in PMF employees who:
A)have struck out on their own as mercenaries-for-hire.
B)are not well screened and are poorly trained.
C)have deserted PMF firms to enlist in the U.S. military.
D)are far more skilled at war than government military personnel.
105
As noted in “Outsourcing War,” PMFs can work only for democratic governments engaged in legitimate military operations.
A)True
B)False
106
According to “Preemption Paradox,” the result of powerful nations’ reluctance to carry out preemptive strikes against nuclear proliferators has resulted in:
A)a halt in nuclear weapons development among smaller, weaker countries.
B)reasonable negotiations and agreements between countries with regard to nuclear weapons development.
C)a proliferation in nuclear weapons development among countries that could have been stopped.
D)major nuclear battles among many different countries.
107
As profiled in “Preemption Paradox,” the first instance of nuclear preemption was the:
A)current U.S. war in Iraq.
B)World War II Allied attack on German-occupied Norway’s hydrogen-electrolysis plant.
C)Cold War between the United States and Russia.
D)Israeli attack on Iraq’s nuclear reactor complex.
108
As noted in “Preemption Paradox,” historically, the U.S. reluctance to launch preemptive strikes against threatening nations has involved America’s self-image.
A)True
B)False
109
As claimed in “New Challenges and Old Concepts,” when the American military was forced to re-learn counterinsurgency strategies in light of the terrorist attacks in the United States, it:
A)completely overhauled military techniques for this new, modern enemy.
B)successfully applied the techniques learned in the Vietnam conflict
C)resorted to old techniques used against classic insurgencies.
D)relied on the methods of other countries that were skilled in modern counterinsurgency.
110
As claimed in “New Challenges and Old Concepts,” contemporary insurgencies can be likened to the:
A)Vietnam syndrome.
B)Fidel Castro or Ho Chi Minh conquests.
C)El Salvador model.
D)competitive marketplace.
111
As asserted in “New Challenges and Old Concepts,” political grievances are the motivators that create and maintain today’s long-term insurgencies.
A)True
B)False
112
In describing the current nuclear posture of the United States, the author of "A Nuclear Posture for Today" notes that:
A)the rapidly shrinking size of the U.S. nuclear arsenal poses a national security risk.
B)it focuses primarily on countering the proliferation of nuclear weapons.
C)it does not reflect the shift in the nature of the nuclear threat.
D)too much account is taken of the impact it has on the nuclear policies of other countries.
113
As reported in "A Nuclear Posture for Today," nations that have ratified the Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty include all of the following except:
A)China.
B)Russia.
C)France.
D)the United States.
114
As stated in "A Nuclear Posture for Today," there has been a radical change in policy reflecting the necessary purposes of the U.S. nuclear arsenal.
A)True
B)False
115
It appears, as put forth in "When Could Iran Get the Bomb?" that Iran will not have enough highly enriched uranium to make a nuclear weapon for at least another:
A)7 months.
B)3 years.
C)10 years.
D)12 years.
116
The P-1 centrifuge that Iran is currently relying on, as asserted in "When Could Iran Get the Bomb?" is a design Iran developed from plans acquired illegally from:
A)Russia.
B)China.
C)Pakistan.
D)Libya.
117
The U.S. intelligence community, as reported in "When Could Iran Get the Bomb?" believes that Iran most likely has the fissile material for a nuclear weapon, if not an actual weapon itself.
A)True
B)False
118
As claimed in “The New Threats: Nuclear Amnesia, Nuclear Legitimacy,” the most urgent national security issue facing the United States today is:
A)rogue terrorists using unconventional weapons.
B)the possibility that a nuclear weapon might be used against America.
C)nations that would delegitimize nuclear weapons as unstable instruments of warfare.
D)chemical and biological weapons.
119
According to “The New Threats: Nuclear Amnesia, Nuclear Legitimacy,” the nuclear Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT) bans the:
A)proliferation and use of nuclear weapons by the five nuclear weapon states.
B)right of non-nuclear-weapon states to “peaceful use” of nuclear technology.
C)proliferation of nuclear weapons by the nuclear weapon states.
D)further development or modernization of nuclear weapons by the nuclear weapon states.
120
As noted in “The New Threats: Nuclear Amnesia, Nuclear Legitimacy,” the International Court of Justice (ICI) has approved the use of preventive or preemptive nuclear attack.
A)True
B)False
121
According to “Ban the Bomb. Really.,” all nuclear-abolition waves are driven by a feeling of:
A)absolute power.
B)hopelessness.
C)anticipatory dread.
D)righteousness.
122
As claimed in “Ban the Bomb. Really.,” the best way for the United States to allay the current fears of nuclear terrorism and the demise of the global nonproliferation system is to:
A)reaffirm nuclear abolition as the declaratory policy of the U.S. government.
B)abolish the global nonproliferation system and replace it with something less threatening.
C)increase the number and scope of U.S. preemptive strikes against noncompliant countries.
D)reject nuclear weaponry and return to the safer atomic weaponry of the past.
123
As stated in “Ban the Bomb. Really.,” today, only nuclear weapons pose an existential threat to the United States.
A)True
B)False
124
As cited in "Lifting the Veil: Understanding the Roots of Islamic Militancy," public opinion polls in the Islamic world indicate that Muslim hostility toward the United States is:
A)a myth, since most Muslims view the United States very favorably.
B)primarily the result of U.S. policies in the Arab world.
C)almost entirely a matter of cultural and religious differences.
D)the result of propaganda by Arab leaders eager to distract their subjects from their own excesses.
125
As explained in "Lifting the Veil: Understanding the Roots of Islamic Militancy," the issue that arouses the most hostility in the Middle East toward the United States is the:
A)1999 war in Kosovo.
B)2003 invasion of Iraq.
C)Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
D)1991 Gulf War.
126
As stated in "Lifting the Veil: Understanding the Roots of Islamic Militancy," the Bush Administration's war on terror has had very little effect on Muslim views of the United States.
A)True
B)False
127
According to "The Right Way: Seven Steps Toward a Last Chance in Iraq," the most important mission of counterinsurgency forces should be to:
A)increase the support of allies.
B)stabilize the economy of Iraq.
C)provide basic safety for the general population.
D)fight against the insurgent militias.
128
The Sunni militias that now dominate central and southern Iraq, as explained in "The Right Way: Seven Steps Toward a Last Chance in Iraq," are fighting for all of the following reasons except that they:
A)fear what the new Iraqi government will mean for them.
B)wish to establish a more secular government.
C)seek greater power and control over large portions of Iraq.
D)fear the violence of the Shiite militias.
129
It seems likely, as stated in "The Right Way: Seven Steps Toward a Last Chance in Iraq," that there remains only a six-month to year-long window for the Iraqi government and the United States to stabilize Iraq and curb the violence before the situation becomes uncontrollably chaotic.
A)True
B)False
130
The Bush Administration, as described in "Withdraw Now," has attempted to cover its failed strategy in Iraq by:
A)increasing its attacks on critics.
B)detaining more supposed terrorists.
C)decreasing its funding requests for reconstruction efforts.
D)redefining victory to ever-lower standards.
131
Even if the United States were to successfully train an Iraqi military and police force, as maintained in "Withdraw Now," the likely result would be:
A)a new military dictatorship governing the country.
B)continued targeting of these officers by the insurgents.
C)escalating corruption within the ranks.
D)desertion when faced with the difficulties of containing a civil war.
132
The Bush Administration's response to Rep. John Murtha's call for a pullout from Iraq, as noted in "Withdraw Now," was a speech and strategy document that indicated significant alterations in the course of the U.S. involvement in Iraq.
A)True
B)False
133
To counter insurgents, recommends John McCain, who believes that the United States should stay in Iraq, U.S. forces should
A)kill and capture.
B)sweep and leave.
C)clear and stay.
D)protect and secure.
134
McCain predicts that if the United States were to leave Iraq, the most likely result would be
A)an increase in oil prices worldwide.
B)a full-scale civil war.
C)emboldened terrorist organizations worldwide.
D)all of the above
135
McCain asserts that securing increasing parts of Iraq and preventing the emergence of new terrorist safe havens will require withdrawal of troops and money.
A)True
B)False
136
As claimed in “Bush’s Neo-Imperialist War,” George W. Bush’s current foreign policy could best be described as:
A)hyper-nationalist.
B)unilateralist.
C)militarist.
D)imperialist.
137
As asserted in “Bush’s Neo-Imperialist War,” the age of the empire ended with the:
A)independence of Portugal’s colonies in Africa.
B)collapse of the Soviet Union.
C)defeat of the United States in Vietnam.
D)U.S. invasion of Panama.
138
As presented in “Bush’s Neo-Imperialist War,” conflicts among imperialist powers eventually helped defeat imperialism.
A)True
B)False
139
According to “The Next Generation of Terror,” the most dangerous and fearsome terrorists today are:
A)members of al Qaeda.
B)radical Islamists.
C)Afghan Arabs.
D)home-grown wannabes.
140
As presented in “The Next Generation of Terror,” the new breed of terrorist connects, organizes, and plans through:
A)already-existing terrorist organizations.
B)the governments of rogue states.
C)the Internet.
D)university classes and clubs.
141
As claimed in “The Next Generation of Terror,” one of the major catalysts for the new generation of terrorists is outrage over the Iraq war.
A)True
B)False





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