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1
As explained in "The New Face of Development," relatively new to the equation of what constitutes international development are all of the following elements, except
A)political rights.
B)human security.
C)material conditions.
D)sustainable development.
2
As stated in "The New Face of Development," Western economists have always believed that the driver of development is
A)public investment.
B)private investment.
C)public-private partnership.
D)pay-as-you-go economics.
3
As observed in "The New Face of Development," in the past 25 years, China's development has lifted a quarter of a billion people out of poverty.
A)True
B)False
4
As claimed in "How Development Leads to Democracy," democracy is most likely to thrive
A)in Western countries.
B)under certain social and cultural conditions.
C)under U.S. occupation.
D)in newly emerging world powers.
5
As explained in "How Development Leads to Democracy," democracy is most likely to emerge as a result of
A)war.
B)colonization.
C)capitalism.
D)modernization.
6
As noted in "How Development Leads to Democracy," democratic institutions are relatively easy to establish almost anywhere at any time.
A)True
B)False
7
As noted in "The New Population Bomb: The Four Megatrends That Will Change the World," the United Nations Population Division now projects that by 2050, global population growth will
A)rapidly accelerate.
B)be in a "negative" pattern.
C)fulfill the 1968 prophecy of biologist Paul Ehrlich.
D)nearly halt.
8
As pointed out in "The New Population Bomb: The Four Megatrends That Will Change the World," Europeans became not only more numerous than they had been,but also considerably richer per capita than others worldwide, as a direct result of the
A)advancement of medicine in the 19th century.
B)Baby Boom.
C)reparations following World War II.
D)Industrial Revolution.
9
According to "The New Population Bomb: The Four Megatrends That Will Change the World," over the next four decades, most of the world's population will become urbanized, something that has never before been the case.
A)True
B)False
10
As described in "Best. Decade. Ever.", when compared to the world as a whole, global growth over the past decade has been faster in the
A)richest nations.
B)poorest nations.
C)BRIC nations.
D)United States.
11
As reported in "Best. Decade. Ever.", average worldwide incomes today are approximately
A)$10,600 a year.
B)$21,600 a year.
C)less than $1 a day.
D)less that $10 a day.
12
As noted to "Best. Decade. Ever.", the one battle that is being lost in the twenty-first century is the global war against infectious disease.
A)True
B)False
13
According to "And Justice for All: Enforcing Human Rights for the World's Poor," the new mandate of the human-rights movement in the twenty-first century must be
A)helping to construct effective justice systems in the developing world.
B)prosecution of large-scale war crimes.
C)decriminalizing human-rights abuses.
D)increasing sanctions against human-rights violators.
14
As reported in "And Justice for All: Enforcing Human Rights for the World's Poor," the most pervasive criminal presence for the global poor is frequently
A)vigilantes and violent criminals.
B)their own government.
C)their own police force.
D)neighbors, friends, and family.
15
As noted in "And Justice for All: Enforcing Human Rights for the World's Poor," the state of the public justice system in the developing world is made worse by an overabundance of lawyers.
A)True
B)False
16
As argued in "The Case Against the West," the West has become the most powerful force in the world for
A)solving problems.
B)creating change.
C)helping other nations prosper.
D)preventing change.
17
As detailed in "The Case Against the West," Western policies have been most harmful in
A)the United States.
B)the Middle East.
C)Asia.
D)South America.
18
As stated in "The Case Against the West," Asian progress should be seen as a desire to dominate the West.
A)True
B)False
19
As stated in "The Post-Washington Consensus: Development after the Crisis," the development model put on trial by the global financial crisis was the
A)Keynesian demand-management model.
B)capitalist model.
C)emerging-market model.
D)neoliberal model.
20
As defined in "The Post-Washington Consensus: Development after the Crisis," the assumption that developing countries benefit substantially from greater inflows of foreign capital is known as
A)the American version of capitalism.
B)social disruption.
C)the foreign-finance fetish.
D)global economic volatility.
21
As noted in "The Post-Washington Consensus: Development after the Crisis," the American version of capitalism is the dominant economic model in developing countries.
A)True
B)False
22
As claimed in "The Poor Man's Burden," the current global economic crisis represents
A)a temporary downturn in the world economy.
B)the end of capitalism as we know it.
C)the end of one of the greatest possibilities for prosperity ever for poor countries.
D)an opening for poor countries to move out of poverty.
23
As defined in "The Poor Man's Burden," a "Revolution from Below" refers to
A)poor people benefiting from their government's economic growth.
B)developing countries ignoring the advice of Western economic experts.
C)a people's revolution against an oppressive government.
D)poor people taking the initiative to improve their own economic situation.
24
As presented in "The Poor Man's Burden," the "laggards" in the struggle for the Millennium Development Goals are rich countries such as the United States.
A)True
B)False
25
As identified in "A Tiger Despite the Chains: The State of Reform in India," among all countries in the world, India ranks number one in
A)literacy.
B)illiteracy.
C)poverty.
D)economic growth.
26
As related in "A Tiger Despite the Chains: The State of Reform in India," an information-technology-service company that began in India with an initial investment of $250 in 1981 and was worth $4 billion in 2008 is
A)Mukesh Ambani.
B)Infosys.
C)Bharat Forge.
D)the Hero Group.
27
As disclosed in "A Tiger Despite the Chains: The State of Reform in India," farmers in many Indian states pay exorbitant electric bills.
A)True
B)False
28
As presented in "Welcome to Minegolia," Mongolia's current "gold rush" is the result of international interest in the country's
A)gold and silver.
B)luxury shopping centers.
C)copper and coal.
D)tourism.
29
According to "Welcome to Minegolia," the driving force behind Mongolia's current economic boom is
A)China.
B)socialism.
C)historical curiosity.
D)the Renaissance Capital investment bank.
30
According to "Welcome to Minegolia," the fact that Mongolia's stock exchange is the world's smallest has hampered the country's economic growth, even in boom times.
A)True
B)False
31
As characterized in "The African Miracle," Africa is a land of opportunity for all of the following reasons except
A)a growing consumer class.
B)greater political stability.
C)a healthier business environment.
D)conversion to a services-based economies.
32
As presented in "The African Miracle," a major source of economic growth in the next decade will be
A)rural agricultural cooperatives.
B)the rise of the urban African consumer.
C)expansion of fishing fleets.
D)advanced-technology manufacturing.
33
As reported in "The African Miracle," Africa's GDP fell by only 20 percent during 2009's global recession.
A)True
B)False
34
As noted in "The New Mercantilism: China's Emerging Role in the Americas," China's Communist Party leadership has made a strategic bet that it can keep political control by
A)allowing and encouraging economic liberalization.
B)limiting economic growth.
C)halting job creation.
D)reducing exports.
35
According to "The New Mercantilism: China's Emerging Role in the Americas," the "mercantilist strategy" China has adopted is designed to
A)project power.
B)contribute to the development of the impoverished abroad.
C)keep China's ruling party in power.
D)build political alliances.
36
As stated in "The New Mercantilism: China's Emerging Role in the Americas," China is more interested in majority control of foreign enterprises than in taking significant minority stakes.
A)True
B)False
37
As noted in "Cotton the Huge Moral Issue", the reason for the current historically low price of cotton worldwide is
A)not related to any moral issue.
B)continued subsidies in the European Union and United States.
C)because of efficiency improvements on American and European farms.
D)increased competitiveness in farming.
38
As reported in "Cotton the Huge Moral Issue", the world's largest cotton producer is
A)Mexico.
B)Brazil.
C)the United States.
D)China.
39
As pointed out in "Cotton the Huge Moral Issue", the World Trade Organization has determined that the United States is legally required to eliminate all trade-distorting subsidies.
A)True
B)False
40
As stated in "Taking the Measure of Global Aid," for most of its existence, the main driving force of development aid was
A)social.
B)geopolitical.
C)economic.
D)cultural.
41
As expressed in "Taking the Measure of Global Aid," the authors suggest forgetting about ODA and instead moving toward the new concept of
A)nongovernmental organization.
B)global policy finance.
C)corporate tithing.
D)post-assistance domestic product.
42
As explained in "Taking the Measure of Global Aid," ODA figures include items such as grants offered to students from the developing world who study in a donor nation—provided they agree to return to their home countries to work.
A)True
B)False
43
As defined in "The New Colonialists," the term "new colonialists" refers to
A)occupying countries.
B)settlers who have moved onto contested pieces of land.
C)countries that govern other countries from afar.
D)charities, aid agencies, and other nongovernmental organizations in struggling countries.
44
As claimed in "The New Colonialists," a major problem with the new colonialists is that their presence
A)takes food, money, and other resources away from indigenous populations.
B)deepens the dependency of dysfunctional states on outsiders.
C)is not wanted or welcomed by the country's citizens.
D)leads to the destruction of countries that were functioning quite well on their own.
45
As noted in "The New Colonialists," most of the aid sent to developing countries goes directly to the government to use and disperse as necessary.
A)True
B)False
46
As defined in "A Few Dollars at a Time: How to Tap Consumers for Development," a new kind of aid that could fundamentally change the relationship between the rich and the poor throughout the world, a few dollars at a time, is part of a movement called
A)subtle philanthropy.
B)infectious assistance.
C)global giving.
D)innovative financing.
47
As pointed out in "A Few Dollars at a Time: How to Tap Consumers for Development," awareness about the epidemics that rage throughout the developing world occasionally crests in the international media when there is an outbreak, as there was in the 1990s involving
A)the Ebola virus.
B)dengue fever.
C)malaria.
D)HIV/AIDS.
48
As stated in "A Few Dollars at a Time: How to Tap Consumers for Development," the good news is that HIV/AIDS, malaria, and tuberculosis are completely controllable diseases, and successful treatments are available for all three.
A)True
B)False
49
According to "The Fertile Continent," nearly 1 billion people worldwide go hungry due to
A)deficiencies in the world's food-distribution system.
B)inadequate food production.
C)population growth.
D)soil erosion.
50
As reported in "The Fertile Continent," agricultural production in Africa has the potential to advance quickly by
A)utilizing existing distribution networks.
B)increasing dependence on food aid.
C)leading the way in agricultural innovation.
D)using existing seed, fertilizer, and irrigation technology.
51
As noted in "The Fertile Continent," in most African countries, the private sector is best prepared to lead agricultural development.
A)True
B)False
52
As noted in "The Micromagic of Microcredit," the 2006 Nobel Peace Prize was awarded to the "godfather of microcredit," economist
A)Muhammad Yunus.
B)John Maynard Keynes.
C)Aneel Karnani.
D)Alan Greenspan.
53
As reported in "The Micromagic of Microcredit," a goal set upon establishing the Grameen Bank in Bangladesh was that half of the borrowers would be women, an objective that today can be critiqued by the fact that, of all the bank's borrowers, women make up
A)12 percent.
B)50 percent.
C)64 percent.
D)95 percent.
54
As related in "The Micromagic of Microcredit," most microcredit banks charge annual interest rates of 50 to 100 percent, which is a higher rate than demanded by local moneylenders.
A)True
B)False
55
As quoted in "Many Borrowers of Microloans Now Find the Price Is Too High," Muhammad Yunus, the economist who pioneered the practice of microlending, has said that it is impossible to see the situation of poor people if we try to see it only through the glasses of
A)the past.
B)profit-making.
C)well-meaning liberals.
D)poverty.
56
As pointed out in "Many Borrowers of Microloans Now Find the Price Is Too High," Microplace, which until recently was promoting LAPO to individual investors, is part of
A)Planet Rating.
B)mftransparency.org.
C)CARE.
D)eBay.
57
As stated in "Many Borrowers of Microloans Now Find the Price Is Too High," it costs more to handle 10 loans of $100 than one loan of $1,000.
A)True
B)False
58
As described in "Corruption Reduction," curbing corruption is more important today because the United States has shifted its strategy in Iraq to one of
A)counterinsurgency.
B)traditional military posturing.
C)developing illegitimate native-partner governments.
D)bribery.
59
As defined in "Corruption Reduction," "societal engineering" refers to
A)societal change that comes about as the result of natural growth and development.
B)government corruption that results in negative shifts in society and culture.
C)deliberate, manmade societal change.
D)humanitarian aid to poor countries.
60
As noted in "Corruption Reduction," significant societal change is more successful when the change agent is a distant foreign power with idealistic assumptions.
A)True
B)False
61
According to "Where Life is Cheap and Talk is Loose," fractured or failing states should be considered
A)mythical lands conjured up by misleading Western jargon.
B)the main security challenge of our time.
C)states that fail to live up to Western ideals of democracy.
D)harmless countries with ineffective governments.
62
As reported in "Where Life is Cheap and Talk is Loose," the first country in history to self-identify as a potential "failed state" was
A)Mexico.
B)Kyrgyzstan.
C)Guinea.
D)Calabria.
63
As noted in "Where Life is Cheap and Talk is Loose," "failed state" is a term that applies only to the developing world.
A)True
B)False
64
As expressed in "Afghanistan's Rocky Path to Peace," highlighting the evidence of a concerted effort to end the armed conflict in Afghanistan was a conference held on January 28, 2010, in
A)London.
B)Montreal.
C)Cairo.
D)Buenos Aires.
65
As mentioned in "Afghanistan's Rocky Path to Peace," in 2010, Afghan President Hamid Karzai announced that he would convene the traditional Afghan assembly known as
A)a sharia session.
B)a national peace jirga.
C)Mullah.
D)Islamicon.
66
As noted in "Afghanistan's Rocky Path to Peace," the war on the Pakistani side of the border, involving drone aircraft, has been stepped up, and both the Pakistani Taliban's top leader and his replacement have been picked off in these strikes.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "A Nation on the Brink," there is a fearsome possibility that Yemen will become the first country in modern history to
A)be completely abandoned.
B)beg for annexation.
C)disappear into the sea.
D)run out of water.
68
As reported in "A Nation on the Brink," the Saudis, suggesting that the Houthis' rebellion could turn into a proxy fight between regional powers, have made the accusation that the Houthis have been armed by
A)Iraq.
B)Iran.
C)the United States.
D)Israel.
69
As noted in "A Nation on the Brink," Yemen's unemployment is estimated at 35 percent, higher than what the United States faced during the Great Depression.
A)True
B)False
70
As described in "The Forever War: Inside India's Maoist Conflict," a proxy war is currently underway in India over
A)steel.
B)land.
C)water.
D)religion.
71
As reported in "The Forever War: Inside India's Maoist Conflict," the government has declared India's greatest internal threat to be
A)Maoist rebels.
B)a weak economy.
C)corrupt government officials.
D)private corporations.
72
As noted in "The Forever War: Inside India's Maoist Conflict," India's boom period has coincided with the economic rise of India's rural populations.
A)True
B)False
73
According to "Sudan on the Cusp," throughout Sudan's history, as well as today, the most powerful group in the country has been the
A)British.
B)Arab Muslims.
C)Ottomans.
D)non-Arab, non-Muslims.
74
As described in "Sudan on the Cusp," one underlying cause for the north-south Sudanese civil war was the
A)presence of the British in Sudan.
B)discrimination faced by the country's Muslim citizens.
C)peace agreement enacted in the country in 2005.
D)lack of a common vision and identity among Sudan's diverse groups.
75
As noted in "Sudan on the Cusp," the people of southern Sudan are the only Sudanese group that has experienced marginalization and discrimination in the country.
A)True
B)False
76
As asserted in "Africa's Forever Wars," most of today's African fighters are not rebels with a cause—they are
A)predators.
B)rebels in search of a cause.
C)a confused rabble.
D)a sophisticated military.
77
As pointed out in "Africa's Forever Wars," before he became his country's president in 1986, Yoweri Museveni was
A)Tanzania's director of tourism.
B)Angola's diamond-smuggling rebel leader.
C)Uganda's top guerrilla.
D)Somalia's foremost religious leader.
78
As reported in "Africa's Forever Wars," the International Rescue Committee has estimated that more than 5 million have died in Congo alone since 1998.
A)True
B)False
79
As described in "The Struggle for Mexico," the arguments for characterizing Mexico as a possible "failed state" are primarily due to
A)Mexico's unsuccessful public-health programs.
B)internal threats from criminal gangs and drug cartels.
C)rising birthrates and overpopulation.
D)a decrease in Mexico's middle class.
80
As reported in "The Struggle for Mexico," the Mexican government's decision to deploy military forces to the border city of Juarez has resulted in
A)an increase in violence in the city.
B)Juarez's claim of the lowest murder rate in the world.
C)the eradication of drug trafficking in the city.
D)the corruption of the local police force.
81
As noted in "The Struggle for Mexico," the Mexican state is even weaker and less successful than most foreign government realize.
A)True
B)False
82
As described in "Central America's Security Predicament," the overriding issue for most Central Americans is
A)democracy.
B)security.
C)border disputes.
D)rising energy costs.
83
As reported in "Central America's Security Predicament," Central Americans' tepid attitudes toward democracy are strongly affected by
A)high crime levels.
B)rising energy costs.
C)a distrust of the United States.
D)the region's status as an "afterthought" in global politics.
84
As noted in "Central America's Security Predicament," Costa Rica is the least advanced of its Central American neighbors in terms of institutional and social measures.
A)True
B)False
85
As described in "Global Aging and the Crisis of the 2020s," the 2020s are set to be a decade of rapid population aging and population decline for the
A)world's developing nations.
B)world's wealthy nations.
C)Muslim world.
D)entire world.
86
As reported in "Global Aging and the Crisis of the 2020s," the "bucket of capabilities" perspective states that population aging
A)affects the manpower and economic resources a nation can deploy.
B)increases the ability of developed countries to play a major geopolitical role.
C)undermines global security for developed countries.
D)strengthens developed countries.
87
As noted in "Global Aging and the Crisis of the 2020s," economies with graying workforces are more likely to be entrepreneurial.
A)True
B)False
88
As mentioned in "Crying for Freedom," Arch Puddington, a veteran American campaigner for civil and political rights around the world, is the research director for
A)Great Leap Forward.
B)Freedom House.
C)Google.
D)the State Fragility Index.
89
As cited in "Crying for Freedom," British reporter Humphrey Hawksley has written Democracy Kills, a book subtitled
A)Where's the Justice?
B)Why Fight for Freedom?
C)Whose Idea Was This Anyway?
D)What's So Good About the Vote?
90
As expressed in "Crying for Freedom," there are limits as to how much an Islamic republic and a communist state can have in common, but they seem to agree on what to avoid: Western-style freedom.
A)True
B)False
91
As described in "Understanding the Revolutions of 2011," the "new sultans" control their countries' military elites by
A)keeping them united.
B)keeping them divided.
C)appointing possible successors.
D)increasing communication between commands.
92
As explained in "Understanding the Revolutions of 2011," a sultanistic regime is characterized by a national leader who
A)expands his personal power at the expense of formal institutions.
B)was elected by popular vote in a fledgling democracy.
C)holds a specific political ideology.
D)shuns the trappings of personal power.
93
As noted in "Understanding the Revolutions of 2011," revolutions rarely triumph, because the proper conditions for their success rarely coincide.
A)True
B)False
94
As maintained in "Good Soldier, Bad Cop," the origins of authoritarian rule in Africa were in
A)French colonial rule in West Africa.
B)Britain's regime in South Africa.
C)the Mau-Mau rebellion in Kenya.
D)the overthrow of King Farouk in Egypt.
95
As maintained in "'Moderates' Redefined: How to Deal with Political Islam," religious-nationalist ideology is driving Islamic politics at the state level in most Muslim states, but particularly in
A)Nigeria.
B)India.
C)Indonesia.
D)the greater Middle East.
96
As identified in "'Moderates' Redefined: How to Deal with Political Islam," the Islamic ideology of "resistance" is known as
A)yufti.
B)muqawama.
C)sharia.
D)jihad.
97
As reported in "'Moderates' Redefined: How to Deal with Political Islam," the good news about Afghanistan is that the fire-fight is becoming less bloody and the Taliban are weakening.
A)True
B)False
98
Islamic parties, as reported in "The Islamists Are Not Coming," have won recent political victories in all of the following except
A)Turkey.
B)Palestine.
C)Cyprus.
D)Egypt.
99
According to "The Islamists Are Not Coming," the Egyptian jihadist Ayman al-Zawahiri compared the claim that one could be a Muslim democrat with the claim that one could be a
A)Jewish Muslim.
B)dog and a politician.
C)liberal dictator.
D)Christian jihadist.
100
Even when they do not win elections, as pointed out in "The Islamists Are Not Coming," Islamic parties are often liberalized by the electoral process.
A)True
B)False
101
The first strategic turn in Hamas, as described in "The Transformation of Hamas," occurred in 2005 when the organization
A)agreed to a cease-fire with Fatah.
B)decided to participate in legislative elections.
C)stopped providing funding to al-Qaeda.
D)requested recognition as a non-governmental organization from the United Nations.
102
Moderates in Hamas, as explained in "The Transformation of Hamas," justify their policy shift towards Israel with
A)their use of Islamic terms.
B)an explanation of their pragmatism.
C)claims of the greater good of humanity.
D)a claim that the Muslim faith is stronger than all others and should be generous.
103
Hamas, as noted in "The Transformation of Hamas," is willing to alienate its social base in order to address the concerns of Western powers.
A)True
B)False
104
As discussed in "In Sri Lanka, the Triumph of Vulgar Patriotism," in January 2010, Mahinda Rajapaksa was re-elected president of Sri Lanka when he defeated former army commander
A)Sarath Fonseka
B)King Dutugemunu.
C)Idi Amin.
D)Nira Wickramasinghe.
105
As spelled out in "In Sri Lanka, the Triumph of Vulgar Patriotism," the Tamil Tigers were formed in 1972 as the New Tamil Tigers, and in 1976 they were renamed as the
A)Freedom Tigers of Kilinochchi.
B)Supreme Tamil Tigers.
C)Liberation Tigers of Tamil Eelam.
D)Tamil Fighting Tigers.
106
According to "In Sri Lanka, the Triumph of Vulgar Patriotism," when the Tamil Tigers and Sri Lankan government forces renewed their military conflict in 2006, Rajapaksa's "war to eliminate terrorism" earned considerable international condemnation.
A)True
B)False
107
As described in "Indonesia's Moment," the most important factor in Indonesia's recent global upswing has been the
A)installation of military rule.
B)inauguration of a radically decentralized democracy.
C)Asian financial crisis.
D)country's occupation of East Timor.
108
As reported in "Indonesia's Moment," the importance of Indonesia's national language is that it
A)allows citizens to communicate with anyone in the world.
B)recognizes English as a universal language.
C)prevents the problems associated with multiple tongues.
D)is the first language for the majority of the population.
109
As noted in "Indonesia's Moment," one of the most important qualities of Indonesia is that it is one of the few Muslim-majority democracies in the world.
A)True
B)False
110
As described in "Divergent Paths," many attribute Singapore's rapid rise to first-world status and economic prosperity to
A)its democratic form of government.
B)the authoritarian, one-party rule of the People's Action Party (PAP).
C)recent sociopolitical reform.
D)the ideologies and success of the Singapore Democratic Party.
111
As reported in "Divergent Paths," a key factor in the success of the PAP is
A)the lack of political opposition.
B)well-organized opposition parties.
C)reform outside government.
D)strong anti-Lee sentiment among youth.
112
As noted in "Divergent Paths," Singapore has many natural resources and a strong common cultural identity.
A)True
B)False
113
As described in "Uprising Threat," the announcement of anti-government protests by Angolan activists was partially organized via
A)My Space.
B)Facebook.
C)Twitter.
D)text messages.
114
As reported in "Uprising Threat," Angola is sub-Saharan Africa's third biggest economy mostly due to
A)oil.
B)agriculture
C)construction.
D)diamonds.
115
As noted in "Uprising Threat," Angola's government has excelled at diversifying commercial activity.
A)True
B)False
116
As reported in "Ivory Coast: Another Asterisk for Africa's Democratization," the recent presidential election in Ivory Coast sent a dangerous signal throughout Africa because the
A)election was rigged by the incumbent, who won handily.
B)challenger threatened citizens with violence if they did not vote for him.
C)winner had to resort to force to take office.
D)citizens ignored the election and did not vote.
117
According to "Ivory Coast: Another Asterisk for Africa's Democratization," in the aftermath of the Ivory Coast presidential election, the response of the Economic Community of West African States (ECOWAS) demonstrated that inter-African organizations are
A)unwilling to intercede in the political business of individual countries.
B)willing to enforce the fundamental tenets of democracy.
C)ignorant of the basic principles behind democratic elections.
D)supportive of the incumbent, regardless of who won the election.
118
As noted in "Ivory Coast: Another Asterisk for Africa's Democratization," most African leaders who have lost recent elections have given up office willingly.
A)True
B)False
119
As described in "A New Global Player," Brazil's ascent as a new global power coincides with the
A)increase of U.S. influence in Latin America.
B)decline of U.S. influence in Latin America.
C)decline of new centers of power in Asia.
D)the UN peacekeeping mission in Haiti.
120
As reported in "A New Global Player," Brazil's "material basis for consensus" agreement has produced a rapid expansion of
A)a domestic consumer class.
B)a civically empowered population.
C)deforestation.
D)nuclear proliferation.
121
As noted in "A New Global Player," Brazil's influence in climate change negotiations is strengthened by its claim to a majority of the Amazon rain forest.
A)True
B)False
122
The six-year economic boom in Latin America that preceded the current recession, as explained in "Perilous Times for Latin America," was driven largely by
A)local manufacturing.
B)agricultural exports.
C)outsourced service jobs.
D)China's need for natural resources.
123
The crux of Latin America's economic problems, as maintained in "Perilous Times for Latin America," is that their economies are
A)overly dependent on exports out of the region.
B)entirely interconnected.
C)notoriously under-taxed.
D)primarily driven by agriculture.
124
In general, as described in "Perilous Times for Latin America," Latin America and the Caribbean form a homogeneous group with identical problems and ideologies.
A)True
B)False
125
As reported in "Human Rights Last," as China's power and influence grows, the government finds itself weathering criticism for its
A)support of cruel regimes around the world.
B)economic neglect of developing countries.
C)position on domestic human rights.
D)cozy diplomatic relationship with the U.S. government.
126
As reported in "Human Rights Last," Chinese officials champion diplomacy based on
A)military leverage.
B)political leverage.
C)trade engagement.
D)economic sanctions.
127
As noted in "Human Rights Last," Chinese officials are generally supportive of economic sanctions as diplomatic strategy.
A)True
B)False
128
According to "Not Ready for Prime Time," the chief rationale for inviting the world's major emerging powers to join the world's ruling councils is that they
A)matter more today than they did at the time the ruling bodies were created.
B)represent the most populous nations on earth.
C)represent the councils' Eurocentric, Judeo-Christian worldview.
D)are essential for a retooled international order.
129
As reported in "Not Ready for Prime Time," the accession of Brazil, China, India and South Africa would undermine the principles and practices of the current world order because these countries
A)value universal values above national sovereignty.
B)are quick to criticize the internal policies of other countries.
C)do not support the notion that a strong international regime should promote human rights and democracy.
D)are not representative democracies.
130
As noted in "Not Ready for Prime Time," the current emerging powers may be political and diplomatic powerhouses, but they remain economic lightweights.
A)True
B)False
131
According to "Is a Green World a Safer World?", a new climate and energy bill passed by the House of Representatives contains provisions for erecting trade barriers to countries that
A)actively pursue nuclear energy.
B)refuse to accept U.S. exports of green technologies.
C)are unwilling to engage in resource-reduction measures and forms of recycling.
D)refuse to adopt measures to limit emissions.
132
The current renaissance in nuclear energy, as explained in "Is a Green World a Safer World?", is concentrated in
A)northern Europe.
B)China.
C)the developing world.
D)the United States.
133
Twenty years from now, as predicted in "Is a Green World a Safer World?" the world will still be getting at least three quarters of its energy from oil, coal, and natural gas.
A)True
B)False
134
According to "The Last Straw," one of the greatest potential new threats to Pakistan's stability could come from
A)expected large-scale earthquakes.
B)civil war in Kashmir.
C)the melting of the Himalaya glaciers.
D)the rise of terrorist groups in India.
135
So far, as described in "The Last Straw," there have been no attempts to place dams on the Indus River in Kashmir to increase Pakistan's water security because
A)India will not allow it.
B)Pakistan fears these dams could be used as weapons in case of war with India.
C)Pakistan lacks the funding and building skill to undertake such a project.
D)thousands of people, both Indian and Pakistani, would lose their homes.
136
The Indus Waters Treaty, as pointed out in "The Last Straw," has survived nearly 50 years and three wars between India and Pakistan.
A)True
B)False
137
In the spring of 2008, as put forth in "The World's Water Challenge," the international community failed to predict all of the following related to water scarcity except
A)a spike in food prices.
B)serious droughts affecting key regions of the world.
C)migration patterns related to famine.
D)a rise in energy prices.
138
More than half of the water suitable for human consumption, as described in "The World's Water Challenge," is used for
A)agriculture.
B)power generation.
C)industry.
D)domestic purposes.
139
Of the 1.8 million people who lose their lives due to unsafe water each year, as noted in "The World's Water Challenge," almost half of them are children.
A)True
B)False
140
According to "Water Warriors," Latin America has one of the lowest per capita allocations of water in the world for all of the following reasons, except
A)deep class inequities.
B)polluted surface waters.
C)a lack of water resources.
D)water privatization.
141
As disclosed in "Water Warriors," the multinational corporation Suez is trying to recoup $1.7 billion in "investment" and up to $33 million in unpaid water bills at the ICSID with the backing of
A)the French government.
B)Argentine nationals.
C)the World Bank.
D)the Inter-American Development Bank.
142
As pointed out in "Water Warriors," Rio de la Plata, a river known for 500 years as Mar Dulce ("Sweet Sea") is today famous for being so contaminated that its pollution can be seen from space.
A)True
B)False
143
According to "The New Geopolitics of Food," the world's soaring food prices have contributed to
A)revolutions and upheaval in Africa and the Middle East.
B)a golden era of worldwide international cooperation.
C)a bountiful global grain economy.
D)the worldwide banning of "land grabs."
144
As reported in "The New Geopolitics of Food," the Middle East is the first geographic region whose population continues to grow as
A)water tables are rising.
B)water tables are falling.
C)grain production has peaked and begun to decline.
D)agricultural progress makes it easier to meet increased demand.
145
As noted in "The New Geopolitics of Food," soil erosion is a result of global warming.
A)True
B)False
146
Although women in Pakistan are frequently not allowed to leave their homes without their husband's permission, as explained in "Half the Sky," they are often permitted to attend meetings of microfinance organizations because the meetings
A)increase women's loyalty to their homes.
B)are attended only by women.
C)provide women with cash and investment ideas.
D)give the men status within their communities.
147
According to "The Women's Crusade," the country with the most people working in slavery today is
A)China.
B)Nigeria.
C)Mexico.
D)India.
148
Traditionally, as pointed out in "The Women's Crusade," human rights groups and others have seen the status of women as a worthy cause, but marginal compared to other issues.
A)True
B)False
149
As brought out in "Women in Developing Countries 300 Times More Likely to Die in Childbirth," reducing the death toll among mothers and their newborns requires medical intervention and
A)a change in culture among men.
B)international intervention in less-developed countries.
C)better education of girls and women.
D)access to birth-control services.
150
The rape of girls and women in situations of violent conflict, as described in "Girls in War, is often seen as
A)the result of general lawlessness.
B)a means of rewarding male soldiers.
C)the transgression of a few combatants.
D)a military strategy to terrorize the population.
151
Some girls are abducted into fighting forces, as pointed out in "Girls in War," where they are forced into the dual role of child soldier and
A)sex slave.
B)domestic slave.
C)hostage.
D)bargaining chip.
152
In recent years, as mentioned in "Girls in War," the number of children who are the victims of direct violence has declined somewhat.
A)True
B)False
153
UN Security Council Resolution 1325, as presented in "Remember the Women?", states that real conflict resolution, reconstruction, and lasting peace cannot be achieved in Afghanistan without
A)help and support from the international community.
B)the full participation of women every step of the way.
C)free and fair elections open to all adults.
D)greater religious and personal freedoms.
154
In Afghanistan today, as maintained in "Remember the Women?", mullahs and judges have retained the power to decide what rights women have, and these judgments are generally influenced by all of the following except
A)the bribes they receive.
B)their own poor education.
C)tribal customary laws.
D)a few law courses they may have taken in European universities.
155
In spite of all of the talk about women's rights in Afghanistan, as asserted in "Remember the Women?", in practice these new rights have been illusory.
A)True
B)False
156
Women are generally recognized as more vulnerable to climate change than men, as presented in "Women in the Shadow of Climate Change," because they
A)are proportionally more dependent on threatened natural resources.
B)tend to be more susceptible to diseases arising from unsafe water.
C)are often the last to receive necessary medical care in impoverished countries.
D)can be left behind when men migrate elsewhere in response to droughts and other adverse conditions.
157
During natural disasters, as reported in "Women in the Shadow of Climate Change," more women than men die as a result of all of the following except that they
A)cannot swim.
B)are not adequately warned.
C)stay behind to assist the elderly.
D)cannot leave the house alone.
158
During extreme weather such as droughts and floods, as noted in "Women in the Shadow of Climate Change," women often work less than in more temperate periods.
A)True
B)False
159
According to "The Global Glass Ceiling," entrenched gender discrimination is
A)a defining characteristic of life for the majority of the developing world.
B)the result of persistent gender gaps in access to education, health care, technology, and income.
C)not a significant problem in the Middle East, South Asia, and sub-Saharan Africa.
D)spread by multinational corporations' search for growth in the developing world.
160
As reported in "The Global Glass Ceiling," the majority of global population growth in coming decades will occur in countries where
A)companies embrace female empowerment.
B)tribal customs work for women's rights.
C)gender disparities are greatest.
D)gender disparities are nonexistent.
161
As noted in "The Global Glass Ceiling," the rise of female executives in Western companies is credited with raising the profile of women's rights globally.
A)True
B)False





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