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Practice Quiz
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1
As reported in "History of Alcohol and Drinking Around the World," distillation was first practiced:
A)in ancient China.
B)during the rule of Napoleon Bonaparte.
C)during the Middle Ages.
D)by the ancient Greeks.
2
As noted in "History of Alcohol and Drinking Around the World," with the collapse of the Roman Empire, brewing and winemaking became the purview of:
A)local guilds.
B)royalty.
C)householders.
D)religious institutions.
3
According to "History of Alcohol and Drinking Around the World," Rome's Marc Antony was noted for his moderation in drinking.
A)True
B)False
4
As reported in "How Latin America is Reinventing the War on Drugs," the "fundamental shift" in the drug war in Latin America is reflected by Latin America's:
A)increasingly harsh crackdowns on coca production and distribution.
B)adoption of new drug policies that follow strict U.S. legal guidelines.
C)move toward autonomy and away from U.S. control with regard to drug laws.
D)refusal to cooperate with the United States in any way regarding its "war on drugs."
5
As presented in "How Latin America is Reinventing the War on Drugs," growing coca plants provides a livelihood to Bolivian farmers primarily because coca leaves are:
A)chewed by farmers and miners to stay awake.
B)used to make cocaine.
C)enlisted in religious ceremonies.
D)used for medicinal purposes.
6
As noted in "How Latin America is Reinventing the War on Drugs," Bolivian President Evo Morales is a former coca grower who is sympathetic to coca farmers.
A)True
B)False
7
As profiled in "Police Officers Find That Dissent on Drug Laws May Come With a Price," Border Patrol agent Bryan Gonzalez was fired for:
A)complaining about the dangers faced by Border Patrol agents.
B)using illegal drugs while on the job.
C)refusing to pursue drug smugglers.
D)expressing his support for the legalization of marijuana.
8
As presented in "Police Officers Find That Dissent on Drug Laws May Come With a Price," core characteristics of the Border Patrol include all of the following except:
A)autonomy.
B)dedication.
C)patriotism.
D)esprit de corps.
9
As noted in "Police Officers Find That Dissent on Drug Laws May Come With a Price," only police officers directly involved in drug enforcement can be fired for speaking out against U.S. drug laws.
A)True
B)False
10
Adderal, as reported in "Tackling Top Teen Problem–Prescription Drugs," is popular among teenagers because it:
A)is readily available.
B)enables users to stay awake and consume more alcohol.
C)has few side effects.
D)is not detectable with standard drug testing.
11
According to "Tackling Top Teen Problem–Prescription Drugs," the most abused prescription medications include all of the following except:
A)pain pills.
B)anti-anxiety pills.
C)attention deficit disorder pills.
D)anti-depressants.
12
The illegal use of prescription drugs, as pointed out in "Tackling Top Teen Problem–Prescription Drugs," may soon catch up with the illegal use of alcohol and marijuana by teenagers.
A)True
B)False
13
As presented in "When Booze Was Banned but Pot Was Not," the eighteenth amendment to the U.S. Constitution was the only amendment in history that:
A)was explicitly aimed at restricting people's freedom.
B)was never successfully altered or repealed.
C)had no special-interest backing.
D)took effect immediately upon ratification.
14
As argued in "When Booze Was Banned but Pot Was Not," the most important factor in setting the stage for the passage of Prohibition was:
A)paternalistic attitudes.
B)American ambivalence toward pleasure.
C)Puritan tee-totaling influences.
D)a highly motivated bloc of swing voters.
15
As claimed in "When Booze Was Banned but Pot Was Not," the legal situation during prohibition was similar to what might be called "decriminalization" today.
A)True
B)False
16
As presented in "Scientists Are High on Idea That Marijuana Reduces Memory Impairment," recent research suggests that some elements of marijuana may be beneficial for the aging brain by:
A)masking the aches and pains associated with aging.
B)pruning dying brain cells.
C)calming those suffering from Alzheimer's disease so they will not put themselves in danger.
D)reducing brain inflammation that might contribute to memory loss.
17
As described in "Scientists Are High on Idea That Marijuana Reduces Memory Impairment," any new drug that is created based on the research findings of marijuana's effects on the aging brain would:
A)share the high-producing effects of marijuana's tetrahydrocannabinol (THC).
B)be illegal to produce.
C)mimic the properties of THC without the high-producing effects.
D)be combined with nicotine, alcohol, and caffeine to produce a new super-drug.
18
As stated in "Scientists Are High on Idea That Marijuana Reduces Memory Impairment," to be effective, the current crop of memory-related drugs that are being studied would have to be administered before memory loss becomes apparent.
A)True
B)False
19
According to the study reported in "Family History of Alcohol Abuse Associated with Problematic Drinking among College Students," the group of students most likely to abuse alcohol were:
A)males with a family history of alcohol abuse.
B)females with a family history of alcohol abuse.
C)males without a family history of alcohol abuse.
D)females without a family history of alcohol abuse.
20
As posited in "Family History of Alcohol Abuse Associated with Problematic Drinking among College Students," women with a family history of alcohol abuse were likely to have positive expectancies and yet judge the effects of drinking to be more negative than others, possibly an example of:
A)delusional thinking.
B)psychological transference.
C)cognitive dissonance.
D)schizophrenic patterning.
21
As explained in "Family History of Alcohol Abuse Associated with Problematic Drinking among College Students," in order to avoid legal issues, the study's participants were all at least 21 years of age.
A)True
B)False
22
According to "A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationships between Childhood Maltreatment and Patterns of Adolescent Substance Use among High-Risk Adolescents," nationally representative data show that exposure to childhood maltreatment is associated with a significant:
A)increase in substance abuse throughout a person's lifetime.
B)increase in the relative risk of using illicit substances in the past 30 days among adolescents.
C)decrease in substance abuse by both adolescents and adults.
D)decrease in the risk of using illicit substances throughout a person's lifetime.
23
As claimed in "A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationships between Childhood Maltreatment and Patterns of Adolescent Substance Use among High-Risk Adolescents," a consequence of current research available on substance use among maltreated adolescents is a lack of understanding of the:
A)developmental unfolding of the associations between adolescent maltreatment and substance abuse.
B)individual risk of developing substance use in adolescence for individuals maltreated in childhood.
C)damaging effects of childhood maltreatment on emotional and behavioral health.
D)short-term impact of childhood maltreatment on adolescent risk for substance abuse.
24
As noted in "A Longitudinal Examination of the Relationships between Childhood Maltreatment and Patterns of Adolescent Substance Use among High-Risk Adolescents," female adolescents in the reported study were more likely to increase their substance use over time than were male adolescents.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "Medical Marijuana and the Mind," renewed discussion about whether marijuana might be useful in treating psychiatric disorders was prompted by:
A)increased understanding of the side effects of many pharmaceuticals currently in use.
B)a pioneering study of marijuana's effects on psychiatric patients in Europe.
C)a new understanding of how marijuana affects the neurotransmitters in the brain.
D)the movement to legalize marijuana for medical use in the United States.
26
As given in "Medical Marijuana and the Mind," the chemical in marijuana primarily responsible for its effects on the central nervous system is:
A)THC, or delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol.
B)PCP, or phencyclidine.
C)LSD, or lysergic acid diethlamide.
D)DMT, or dimethyltryptamine.
27
As noted in "Medical Marijuana and the Mind," the American Medical Association has urged the government to reconsider its classification of marijuana as a Schedule 1 controlled substance so that researchers could more easily conduct clinical trials with it.
A)True
B)False
28
The externalizing psychopathology associated with alcohol and other drug addictions, as described in "The Genetics of Alcohol and Other Drug Dependence," include all of the following except:
A)antisocial personality disorder.
B)bipolar disorder.
C)attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder.
D)conduct disorder.
29
According to "The Genetics of Alcohol and Other Drug Dependence," the extent to which the co-occurrence of disorders is influenced by genetic and/or environmental disorders is most effectively studied using:
A)twin pairs.
B)incarcerated individuals.
C)orphaned adolescents.
D)adults within stable married partnerships.
30
Heredity, as cited in "The Genetics of Alcohol and Other Drug Dependence," is thought to play a 50 to 60 percent role in the development of an alcohol or illicit substance use disorder.
A)True
B)False
31
As presented in "Understanding Recreational Ecstasy Use in the United States," findings from recent studies on the potential negative consequences of ecstasy use reveal that ecstasy users:
A)view the drug as harmful, but cannot stop using it.
B)view the drug as safe, with minimal health consequences.
C)identify the major risk of ecstasy use as that of addiction.
D)are unaware that the drug is illegal in the United States.
32
According to "Understanding Recreational Ecstasy Use in the United States," the major shift that took place in the Atlanta, Georgia, ecstasy scene during the years of the reported study was:
A)a decrease in use of the drug due to its inherent dangers.
B)an increase in arrests of active ecstasy users.
C)a change in frequency and duration of use among active ecstasy users.
D)an increase in the availability of the drug due to its expanded use at raves.
33
As reported in "Understanding Recreational Ecstasy Use in the United States," the majority of the ecstasy users participating in the cited study used the drug every day.
A)True
B)False
34
As presented in "Examination of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse among Youth," the problem with most research to date regarding over-the-counter (OTC) drug misuse is that it has not examined the:
A)relationship between OTC drug misuse and the abuse of other drugs.
B)association of OTC drug misuse with specific types of illicit drugs.
C)role of OTC drugs as "gateway" drugs.
D)negative consequences of OTC drug misuse.
35
As noted in "Examination of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse among Youth," current data shows that the highest-risk group for OTC drug misuse is:
A)the elderly.
B)African-American males.
C)white females.
D)any minority group.
36
As claimed in "Examination of Over-the-Counter Drug Misuse among Youth," because they are legal and easy to procure, OTC drugs are perceived as safe by many abusers.
A)True
B)False
37
As presented in "Self-Control, Opportunity, and Substance Use," researchers Gottfredson and Hirschi define self-control as a personality characteristic that regulates a person's ability to resist opportunities that provide:
A)long-term rewards.
B)delayed gratification.
C)immediate gratification.
D)criminal outlets.
38
As claimed in "Self-Control, Opportunity, and Substance Use," the study authors argue that, regardless of a person's level of self-control, whether or not that person will take advantage of an opportunity for crime is determined by that situation's potential for:
A)punishment.
B)monetary reward.
C)pleasurable consequences.
D)fun.
39
As noted in "Self-Control, Opportunity, and Substance Use," Gottfredson and Hirschi assert that crime is inherently pleasurable.
A)True
B)False
40
As presented in "Marijuana and Medical Marijuana," Montana was pushed to the front lines of the national medical marijuana debate when its:
A)legislature legalized the use of marijuana for medicinal purposes.
B)governor vetoed legislation to legalize marijuana for recreational use.
C)House of Representatives voted to repeal the state's medical marijuana law.
D)police in larger cities complained of increased gang drug wars due to the state's marijuana laws.
41
As noted in "Marijuana and Medical Marijuana," all states that currently approve marijuana for medical use require:
A)sellers to prove nonprofit status.
B)patients to have a physician's recommendation.
C)patients to have a terminal diagnosis.
D)federal approval of their laws.
42
As claimed in "Marijuana and Medical Marijuana," the federal government has already approved the decriminalization of marijuana for medical purposes for any state that desires to allow it.
A)True
B)False
43
According to "'Bath Salt' Poisonings Rise as Legislative Ban Tied Up," a major concern with regard to the current legislation in Congress that would ban "bath salts" is that:
A)the Drug Enforcement Agency's (DEA) year-long ban on these substances is running out while legislation is stalled in the Senate.
B)if bath salts and other legal substances are banned, users will turn to stronger illegal substances, such as marijuana and cocaine.
C)the legislation does not go far enough with regard to prohibitions on these substances.
D)most of the substances Congress seeks to ban are safe and provide recreational outlets for young people.
44
As explained in "'Bath Salt' Poisonings Rise as Legislative Ban Tied Up," in testing and studying bath salts and similar concoctions, the FDA hopes to:
A)prove them safe for human consumption.
B)include them under the Controlled Substances Act.
C)label them with warnings to consumers.
D)regulate and tax their sale.
45
As noted in "'Bath Salt' Poisonings Rise as Legislative Ban Tied Up," drug screens for illegal substances do not detect bath salts or similar substances in the body.
A)True
B)False
46
According to "Inhalant Abuse," the main common characteristic of substances categorized as "inhalants" is that they are:
A)more toxic when inhaled than when ingested through other methods.
B)float freely in the air and are difficult to avoid.
C)illegal, with stiff penalties for possession.
D)rarely taken by any route other than inhalation.
47
As outlined in "Inhalant Abuse," nitrites are considered a special class of inhalants because they:
A)act directly on the central nervous system (CNS).
B)are not generally inhaled, but are ingested in some other form.
C)act primarily to dilate blood vessels and relax the muscles.
D)are used primarily to alter mood.
48
As noted in "Inhalant Abuse," a 2011 survey found that females and Hispanics had the highest rates of inhalant use.
A)True
B)False
49
As claimed in "'Spice' and 'K2' Herbal Highs," cannabis is the most:
A)addictive substance in the world.
B)dangerous substance in the world.
C)commonly used illicit substance in the world.
D)safe illicit substance in the world.
50
As defined in "'Spice' and 'K2' Herbal Highs," "cannabis abstinence syndrome" refers to the:
A)effects of cannabis on first-time users.
B)withdrawal symptoms associated with cessation of cannabis use.
C)substitution of synthetic cannabinoids (SCs) for cannabis.
D)symptoms associated with prolonged SC use.
51
As stated in "'Spice' and 'K2' Herbal Highs," SCs are more potent and effective agonists of the brain's cannabinoid receptors than the primary agonist in marijuana.
A)True
B)False
52
As presented in "Monitoring the Future: National Results on Adolescent Drug Use, Overview of Key Findings 2011," "cohort effects" refers to the:
A)peaks and valleys related to drug-usage rates across years and grades.
B)changing laws that affect the drug-usage rates over time.
C)effects of drug education on adolescent drug use.
D)influence of older adolescents' drug use on younger adolescents in the same school.
53
As suggested in "Monitoring the Future: National Results on Adolescent Drug Use, Overview of Key Findings 2011," because of the way young people perceive the benefits and dangers of drugs, education and prevention efforts must:
A)take place after a particular drug has been available for a while and adverse effects have been seen.
B)be generalized across all drug categories, warning of the dangers of doing any type of drug.
C)occur drug by drug, educating about the specific dangers and adverse effects of each particular drug that might be used.
D)focus only on drugs that are currently the most popular, to avoid exposing young people to drugs that they might not know about.
54
As noted in "Monitoring the Future: National Results on Adolescent Drug Use, Overview of Key Findings 2011," after a decline in use in the preceding decade, daily use of marijuana is now on the rise among high-school students.
A)True
B)False
55
According to "Transcending the Medical Frontiers: Exploring the Future of Psychedelic Drug Research," the key factor in the resurgence in research utilizing psychedelic drugs is:
A)new proof that the drugs are safe, with a low potential for abuse.
B)FDA openness to medically related research of the drugs.
C)support from a younger generation of users who are now becoming researchers.
D)the desire to increase pleasure in response to the stresses of the modern world.
56
As claimed in "Transcending the Medical Frontiers: Exploring the Future of Psychedelic Drug Research," according to surveys done by the U.S. National Institute of Drug Abuse, the primary reason why people take lysergic acid diethylamide (LSD) is to:
A)control pain.
B)eliminate anxiety.
C)have fun.
D)enhance creativity.
57
As noted in "Transcending the Medical Frontiers: Exploring the Future of Psychedelic Drug Research," LSD has been used to successfully treat the symptoms of many psychiatric illnesses.
A)True
B)False
58
According to "Adolescent Painkiller Use May Increase Risk of Addiction, Heroin Use," as with any drug of abuse, adolescents may start misusing prescription opiates for all of the following reasons except:
A)peer pressure.
B)impulsivity.
C)a feeling of invulnerability.
D)risk-taking.
59
Opiates, as maintained in "Adolescent Painkiller Use May Increase Risk of Addiction, Heroin Use," promise what many young people are looking for today, which is:
A)an escape from life's problems.
B)a feeling of powerfulness.
C)a means of relaxation.
D)new ways to separate themselves from their parents.
60
In a recent study using mice, as described in "Adolescent Painkiller Use May Increase Risk of Addiction, Heroin Use," the adolescent mice self-administered larger amounts of oxycodone, and more frequently, than adult mice did.
A)True
B)False
61
As presented in "'Legal Highs' Prevalence Makes Ban Policy 'Ridiculous,'" experts say that the UK's efforts to ban synthetic psychoactive substances are irrational because these substances are:
A)not dangerous when used responsibly.
B)not popular in the UK.
C)being created faster than the government can ban them.
D)easy to trace and monitor.
62
According to "'Legal Highs' Prevalence Makes Ban Policy 'Ridiculous,'" many of the newest synthetic substances are cathinone derivatives, which can imitate the effects of:
A)alcohol.
B)marijuana.
C)barbiturates.
D)cocaine.
63
As noted in "'Legal Highs' Prevalence Makes Ban Policy 'Ridiculous,'" a positive aspect about the synthetic psychoactive substances appearing in the UK is that they are relatively consistent from batch to batch.
A)True
B)False
64
As reported in "Alcoholism Isn't What It Used To Be," the mean age of alcohol dependency onset is:
A)17.
B)22.
C)29.
D)31.
65
According to "Alcoholism Isn't What It Used To Be," most people who develop an alcohol dependence have a mild to moderate disorder, in which they primarily experience:
A)impaired control.
B)legal problems.
C)relationship problems.
D)job-related issues.
66
As noted in "Alcoholism Isn't What It Used To Be," even for people who have five or more drinks per day, the rate of developing alcohol dependence is low.
A)True
B)False
67
As portrayed in "Drugs 'R' Us," America's insatiable appetite for illicit substances has resulted in:
A)a move toward legalization of all drugs in the United States.
B)possible changes in Latin American drug policy that are not in alignment with U.S. policy.
C)the creation of new treatment options for various drug addictions.
D)the development of new U.S. strategies to deal with increasing drug use.
68
As claimed in "Drugs 'R' Us," the pressures on students to excel academically have resulted in:
A)an increase in high-school and college dropout rates.
B)parents pressuring children to slow down and relax.
C)the creation of harmless "good grade" pills to help students study.
D)student use of prescription stimulants to enhance academic performance.
69
As noted in "Drugs 'R' Us," the use of painkillers is common among athletes, who are expected to perform despite serious and painful injuries.
A)True
B)False
70
As profiled in "OxyContin Abuse Spreads from Appalachia across United States," OxyContin addict Sean Clusky used the drug with friends who:
A)were living in poverty.
B)had parents who were addicts.
C)came from wealthy, "good" families.
D)came from dysfunctional families.
71
As presented in "OxyContin Abuse Spreads from Appalachia across United States," Kentucky often ranks at or near the top in U.S. measures of:
A)drug arrest and prosecution.
B)prescription-pain-pill abuse.
C)heroin use.
D)drug-treatment success.
72
As noted in "OxyContin Abuse Spreads from Appalachia across United States," the recent increase in treatment admissions for prescription-pain-pill abuse across the country has been seen among every age group, ethnic group, income level, and region.
A)True
B)False
73
The patient who is the focus of "My Mother-in-Law's One High Day" was reluctant to use marijuana for all of the following reasons except that:
A)the cost was so high.
B)she thought she would become addicted.
C)she feared going insane from marijuana use.
D)she thought that the person who brought it to her would be arrested for drug trafficking.
74
At the time "My Mother-in-Law's One High Day" was written, medical marijuana was legal in:
A)8 states.
B)11 states.
C)16 states.
D)23 states.
75
The author of "My Mother-in-Law's One High Day" found that a brief session of marijuana use lightened her mother-in-law's mood, as well as alleviated her pain and nausea.
A)True
B)False
76
As portrayed in "Do the United States and Mexico Really Want the Drug War To Succeed?", the Mexican drug trade increased substantially and changed the way drug exporters did business as a result of the:
A)Prohibition laws in the United States.
B)cultivation of opium gum, known as adormidrea, by new Chinese immigrants to Mexico.
C)increase of marijuana and cocaine use in the United States in the 1960s.
D)end of Prohibition in the United States.
77
As argued in "Do the United States and Mexico Really Want the Drug War To Succeed?", the current Mexican drug organizations are most similar to:
A)private corporations.
B)back-alley street thugs.
C)gun-toting gangsters.
D)medieval trade unions.
78
As noted in "Do the United States and Mexico Really Want the Drug War To Succeed?", militarization of the drug war in Mexico has resulted in a diminishing flow of drugs to the United States.
A)True
B)False
79
According to "Engaging Communities to Prevent Underage Drinking," while community-based efforts to combat underage drinking might differ,a common feature of successful community strategies is reliance on:
A)government financial assistance.
B)local coalitions.
C)state and federal oversight.
D)strict legal sanctions.
80
As presented in "Engaging Communities to Prevent Underage Drinking," a defining feature of all community coalitions is their:
A)hierarchical structure.
B)identified goals.
C)anti-drinking activities and events.
D)focus on change through collaboration.
81
As claimed in "Engaging Communities to Prevent Underage Drinking," the most successful efforts targeting underage drinking focus on the most direct, or proximal, causes of alcohol use.
A)True
B)False
82
As reported in "Do No Harm," the largest U.S. foreign-assistance program in Latin America is directed to:
A)Chile.
B)Brazil.
C)Colombia.
D)Mexico.
83
As stated in "Do No Harm," the dominant producer of illegal heroin in the world is:
A)Thailand.
B)Macedonia.
C)Myanmar.
D)Afghanistan.
84
As noted in "Do No Harm," cocaine is largely produced in rich countries for consumption in poor countries.
A)True
B)False
85
As portrayed in "Convergence or Divergence? Recent Developments in Drug Policies in Canada and the United States," stringent U.S. drug laws adopted in the last three decades have led to:
A)a decline in illegal drug possession, use, and sale in the country.
B)more stringent drug laws in Canada as it sees U.S. successes.
C)increased incarceration and gross racial disparities in the U.S. justice system.
D)increased funding for treatment options for U.S. drug addicts.
86
As claimed in "Convergence or Divergence? Recent Developments in Drug Policies in Canada and the United States," the most recent war on drugs in the United States, one that has lasted into the current decade, began with:
A)the Harrison Narcotics Act, passed in 1914.
B)the Marijuana Tax Act, passed in 1937.
C)California's "Three Strikes and You're Out" law.
D)Reagan Administration policies in the 1980s.
87
As noted in "Convergence or Divergence? Recent Developments in Drug Policies in Canada and the United States," the U.S. war on drugs has specifically targeted illegal trafficking, leading to significant arrests for drug traffickers when compared to those merely in possession of drugs.
A)True
B)False
88
As presented in "Legalize Drugs—all of Them!", the UN Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs in 1961 resulted in the:
A)legalization of drugs in most UN-member countries.
B)decriminalization of drugs in most UN-member countries.
C)prohibitionist policy that has dominated the world since then.
D)reduction of prison sentences for drug abusers in the United States.
89
As described in "Legalize Drugs—all of Them!", the groundbreaking law proposed by President Jose Mujica of Uruguay involves the:
A)state sale of marijuana to citizens, along with taxation of the product.
B)release of all prisoners convicted of drug crimes in the country.
C)partnership of Uruguay with current drug lords.
D)legal sale of cocaine and other hard drugs in Uruguayan pharmacies.
90
As claimed in "Legalize Drugs—all of Them!", U.S. President Nixon's "war on drugs" has, for the most part, been successful, with only a few notable exceptions.
A)True
B)False
91
As maintained in "Former ONDCP Senior Advisor on Marijuana and Harm Reduction," one of the most serious long-term effects for youth who smoke marijuana is:
A)reduced life expectancy.
B)more fatal auto-immune infections.
C)substantial weight gain.
D)poor educational outcomes.
92
As outlined in "Former ONDCP Senior Advisor on Marijuana and Harm Reduction," among the "harm reduction" approaches to drug use are all of the following except:
A)needle exchanges.
B)free college courses for those who stay "clean."
C)using Narcan to reverse overdoses.
D)allowing people to report overdoses without fear of criminal charges for drug possession.
93
Kevin Sabet, as presented in "Former ONDCP Senior Advisor on Marijuana and Harm Reduction," believes that people should be wary of what marijuana really does.
A)True
B)False
94
As claimed in "Portugal's Drug Policy Pays Off; U.S. Eyes Lessons," the "risky leap" that Portugal took in 2000 with regard to its country's drug law was to:
A)make all previously legal drugs illegal.
B)make all previously illegal drugs legal.
C)decriminalize the use of all drugs.
D)mandate prison terms for all drug offenders.
95
As stated in "Portugal's Drug Policy Pays Off; U.S. Eyes Lessons," the simple solution to Portugal's rampant drug problem was to:
A)provide treatment.
B)arrest offenders.
C)deport offenders.
D)adopt U.S. policies.
96
As noted in "Portugal's Drug Policy Pays Off; U.S. Eyes Lessons," as a result of Portugal's new drug policies, more people tried drugs, but fewer ended up addicted.
A)True
B)False
97
As presented in "Old Habits Die Hard for Ageing Addicts," drug addicts in the UK and other nations are living longer today due to:
A)new treatments that cure drug addiction.
B)harm-reduction programs that have allowed addicts to access necessary health care.
C)nursing homes and other care facilities that have been trained in dealing with older drug addicts.
D)the criminalization of drugs, which has allowed many addicts to get off drugs while in jail.
98
As discussed in "Old Habits Die Hard for Ageing Addicts," many older drug addicts do not seek out medical care because:
A)they are afraid they will be forced to quit using drugs.
B)the use of addictive substances makes other health problems impossible to treat.
C)most addicts have few medical complications from drug use.
D)they tend to be treated poorly by medical providers.
99
As noted in "Old Habits Die Hard for Ageing Addicts," because of their lifelong use of drugs, older addicts experience less pain than older people who do not use drugs.
A)True
B)False
100
As revealed in "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders," early research into the effects of alcohol came to an abrupt halt in 1919 because of:
A)medical research being diverted to the study of the devastating flu epidemic.
B)World War I.
C)the passage of the Volstead Act prohibiting the manufacture or sale of alcoholic beverages.
D)new discoveries in genetics causing scientists to rethink the framework of their investigations.
101
As given in "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders," one of the earliest observations of alcohol's effect on pregnancy and pregnancy outcomes, warning that "foolish, drunken, and harebrained women" often have children "like unto themselves," came from:
A)Aristotle.
B)Hippocrates.
C)Saint Theresa of Avila.
D)Joseph Lister.
102
According to "Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders," the ending of Prohibition in the United States resulted in a backlash against temperance leaders and their tenets; alcoholism was seen as a problem, but merely using alcohol was not considered a problem.
A)True
B)False
103
According to "Addiction Diagnoses May Rise Under Guideline Changes," the revisions to the definition of addiction in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (D.S.M.) will lead to:
A)better treatment for substance abusers.
B)limited treatment options for substance abusers.
C)increased health-insurance coverage for substance abusers.
D)millions more people being diagnosed as addicts.
104
As claimed in "Addiction Diagnoses May Rise Under Guideline Changes," an addiction being added to the D.S.M. for the first time under the new revisions is:
A)sex addiction.
B)alcohol addiction.
C)gambling addiction.
D)shopping addiction.
105
As noted in "Addiction Diagnoses May Rise Under Guideline Changes," the diagnosis of "behavioral addiction—not otherwise specified" will allow much-needed latitude for doctors in diagnosing addictions, helping more patients receive proper treatment.
A)True
B)False
106
As profiled in "An Addiction Vaccine, Tantalizingly Close," an addiction vaccine would work by:
A)creating nausea and other symptoms of illness after a drug has been ingested.
B)stopping cravings for a particular drug.
C)preventing an addict from enjoying the high produced by a particular drug.
D)producing a bad taste in an addict's mouth after a drug is ingested.
107
As presented in "An Addiction Vaccine, Tantalizingly Close," an addiction vaccine would be given to:
A)children, just like vaccines for measles, mumps, and polio, before an addiction has a chance to develop.
B)a pregnant mother in order to stop addictive tendencies in the womb.
C)adults who are at high risk for drug use and possible addiction.
D)drug users after they have succumbed to the addictive effects of a drug.
108
As claimed in "An Addiction Vaccine, Tantalizingly Close," even addicts who do not want to quit using their addictive substance of choice are likely to respond positively to a vaccine.
A)True
B)False
109
As presented in "Understanding Recovery Barriers," outcome studies with substance-using youth indicate that substance-use treatment is:
A)highly successful and remains so into adulthood.
B)ineffective for most youth who participate.
C)successful initially, with declining benefits over time.
D)ineffective initially, but has long-term positive effects.
110
According to "Understanding Recovery Barriers," the dominant relapse theme, or reason for relapse, for youth in the study presented was:
A)life stressors.
B)environmental issues.
C)emotional reasons.
D)cognitive factors.
111
As noted in "Understanding Recovery Barriers," for the purposes of the study presented, "relapse" was defined not just as reverting back to pretreatment patterns of drug use, but as using alcohol or drugs of any kind after treatment.
A)True
B)False
112
As presented in "High-Risk Offenders Participating in Court-Supervised Substance Abuse Treatment," California's Substance Abuse and Crime Prevention Act (Prop. 36) is intended to:
A)increase prison sentences for drug-possession offenses.
B)provide community-based services for violent criminal offenders.
C)legalize illicit drugs in order to eliminate incarceration costs for drug abusers.
D)offer drug offenders a choice between community-based treatment and incarceration.
113
According to "High-Risk Offenders Participating in Court-Supervised Substance Abuse Treatment," taxpayer savings under Prop. 36 are highest among offenders who:
A)complete drug treatment.
B)are sent to prison.
C)committed non-violent offenses.
D)had extensive drug histories prior to their most recent conviction.
114
As noted in "High-Risk Offenders Participating in Court-Supervised Substance Abuse Treatment" any drug offender arrested in California is eligible to receive treatment under Prop. 36.
A)True
B)False





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