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Practice Quiz
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1
According to "$320,000 Kindergarten Teachers," research suggests that kindergarten classroom quality:
A)has no effect on standardized test scores.
B)affects adult wage earnings.
C)has an effect on standardized-test scores well into high school.
D)is not affected by size of class.
2
As identified in "$320,000 Kindergarten Teachers," the difficulty that plagues most empirical studies is:
A)how to study educational practices without influencing them.
B)keeping up with changing methodologies.
C)how to separate causation from correlation.
D)finding educators willing to be observed.
3
As pointed out in "$320,000 Kindergarten Teachers," kindergarten test scores are not good at predicting later educational outcomes.
A)True
B)False
4
As observed in "Those Persistent Gaps," the predominant role in student achievement is played by:
A)parents.
B)school leaders.
C)student cohorts.
D)teachers.
5
Discussing issues regarding fear ad safety at school, the author of "Those Persistent Gaps" notes that:
A)gang activity has declined in most American schools.
B)white students report more participation in fights than Hispanic students.
C)in many schools, maintaining discipline is the largest problem that teachers face.
D)the gap between minority and white students' fear levels has widened considerably.
6
According to "Those Persistent Gaps," in 2005, the percentage of low-birth-weight babies was higher among whites than Hispanics.
A)True
B)False
7
As discussed in "The Achievement Gap: What Early Childhood Educators Need to Know," the report called A Nation at Risk contended that:
A)average achievement scores went up as more money was spent on schools.
B)achievement had decreased since Sputnik.
C)achievement cannot be assessed through standardized tests.
D)competition from alternative-education options lowers overall quality.
8
As stated in "The Achievement Gap: What Early Childhood Educators Need to Know," the state that topped all others in providing publicly funded preschool was:
A)Oklahoma.
B)Arkansas.
C)North Carolina.
D)Texas.
9
As reported in "The Achievement Gap: What Early Childhood Educators Need to Know," studies indicate that older teens have increased in average reading scores more than younger teens.
A)True
B)False
10
Overall conclusions about readiness reached in "The Messiness of Readiness," include that:
A)children are perpetually ready to learn.
B)children know when they are ready to learn.
C)children who are not ready should not be in school.
D)the idea of readiness can be quantified.
11
As stated in "The Messiness of Readiness," the definition of readiness:
A)is the same across all populations and domains.
B)refers to knowledge already acquired.
C)is usually tied to cognitive and social domains.
D)has nothing to do with adult expectations.
12
As suggested in "The Messiness of Readiness," children who have difficulty learning may not be welcomed in some classrooms.
A)True
B)False
13
As suggested in "Invest in Early Childhood Education," pre-kindergarten education in America should be:
A)a private, market-driven enterprise.
B)a right of all American children.
C)fully funded at the community level.
D)mandatory for all children.
14
As shown in "Invest in Early Childhood Education," current choices of early childhood education in America are:
A)plentiful and varied at all socio-economic levels.
B)scarce but uniformly excellent at all socio-economic levels.
C)generally of poor quality.
D)neither varied enough nor of uniform excellence for low- and middle-income families.
15
As explained in "Invest in Early Childhood Education," one of the federal government's first ventures into early childhood education began during the Great Depression.
A)True
B)False
16
As discussed in "Joy in School," the learning that gives pleasure:
A)is always motivated from within.
B)focuses on nurturing human beings.
C)presents no difficulties to the student.
D)does not involve assessment.
17
As pointed out in "Joy in School," problems in schools that render them joyless include:
A)too much student work displayed.
B)too much time spent outdoors.
C)not enough student choice.
D)not enough assessment.
18
As noted in "Joy in School," the author says that there is no joy for students unless they are having fun.
A)True
B)False
19
As reported in "Early Education, Later Success," Arthur Reynolds of the University of Minnesota contends that the effects of PK-3 units include:
A)overall cost savings for administration.
B)higher number of early placements in special education.
C)lower likelihood of student retention.
D)higher student achievement.
20
As noted in "Early Education, Later Success," attributes considered essential to learning that are developed in PK-3 units include all of the following except:
A)competition.
B)social traits.
C)self-regulation.
D)motivating traits.
21
As stated in "Early Education, Later Success," Ross Thompson of the University of Nebraska contends that lessons and play have a greater effect on learning than social interactions.
A)True
B)False
22
The author of "Don't Dismiss Early Education as Just Cute; It's Critical" claims that the benefits of preschool:
A)have never been objectively identified.
B)are overstated.
C)are not available to many children.
D)are too expensive to offer in a recession economy.
23
As maintained in "Don't Dismiss Early Education as Just Cute; It's Critical," the reauthorization of the No Child Left Behind legislation:
A)is unlikely to happen.
B)must recognize the earliest years of education.
C)has little relevance for preschool children.
D)is a topic that ignores the need for real reform.
24
As given in "Don't Dismiss Early Education as Just Cute; It's Critical," the state of early education in the United States is not good.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "Are We Paving Paradise?", the evolution of kindergarten has moved from a focus on children to a focus on:
A)schools.
B)behavior.
C)proficiency.
D)outcomes.
26
As discussed in "Are We Paving Paradise?", Wendy Anderson's class is the only one in her school that:
A)does art work.
B)goes out for morning recess.
C)goes on field trips.
D)does not assess progress.
27
As pointed out in "Are We Paving Paradise?", research has shown that if students do not read at grade level by grade three, they will never catch up.
A)True
B)False
28
As reported in "The Power of Birth Order," the children most likely to be high achievers are:
A)only children.
B)the youngest.
C)the middle.
D)the first-born.
29
As described in "The Power of Birth Order," one characteristic of middle children is:
A)lack of flexibility.
B)quick to take responsibility.
C)less tethered to their families.
D)intense fear of failure.
30
As pointed out in "The Power of Birth Order," the birth order of twins has no effect on the way they relate to one another.
A)True
B)False
31
As related in "Teachers Connecting with Families — In the Best Interest of Children," the greatest benefit to children of a successful home-school partnership is:
A)greater teacher accountability.
B)parents more willing to deal with behavioral issues.
C)improved school security.
D)children more motivated to succeed.
32
As pointed out in "Teachers Connecting with Families — In the Best Interest of Children," parents hesitate to get involved in school most of all because they:
A)do not want to be judged for their children's problems.
B)distrust teachers.
C)are uncomfortable in institutional settings.
D)do not have time.
33
According to "Teachers Connecting with Families — In the Best Interest of Children," teachers should avoid making their own personalities and private lives part of their conversation with parents.
A)True
B)False
34
As reported in "The Impact of Teachers and Families on Young Children's Eating Behaviors," during mealtimes, caregivers should:
A)discourage talking about food.
B)eat and drink the same things the children do.
C)encourage quiet time while children eat.
D)avoid family-style dining in school settings.
35
As noted in "The Impact of Teachers and Families on Young Children's Eating Behaviors," research on restricting access to foods for young children found that restricting a desired snack food:
A)increased children's consumption of that food when it was offered with other foods.
B)had a long-term effect of reducing consumption of that food.
C)led to overconsumption of other foods.
D)had no long-term effect on consumption patterns.
36
As stated in "The Impact of Teachers and Families on Young Children's Eating Behaviors," research suggests that if a child does not accept a new food within the first five times it is offered, he or she never will.
A)True
B)False
37
As reported in "Class Matters In and Out of School," lowering class size has been found to correlate to all of the following except:
A)lower criminal conviction rates for black males.
B)reduced maximum sentence rates for black males.
C)lower fatherhood rate for black teenage males.
D)decreased graduation rates for black males.
38
In discussing the costs of lower class size, the author of "Class Matters In and Out of School" notes that:
A)lower class sizes save money over lifetimes.
B)no cost effectiveness studies have been done.
C)health outcomes are not part of the calculations of savings.
D)it is impossible to calculate cost effectiveness.
39
As pointed out in "Class Matters In and Out of School," research by Alan Krueger and Diane Whitmore found that the effect of small classes on college entrance exams includes a reduction in the gap between numbers of black and white students taking the tests.
A)True
B)False
40
As noted in "Creating a Welcoming Classroom for Homeless Students," homeless children are more likely than others to:
A)carry school transcripts with them.
B)complete their homework.
C)lack materials and supplies.
D)make friends quickly.
41
As explained in "Creating a Welcoming Classroom for Homeless Students," the definition of a homeless person includes all of the following except one who:
A)is in a joint-custody situation.
B)has no fixed residence.
C)does not have a regular night-time residence.
D)lives with other families.
42
As reported in "Creating a Welcoming Classroom for Homeless Students," funds for mandates required by the McKinney-Vento law are provided by the U.S. Department of Education.
A)True
B)False
43
As reported in "Making Long-Term Separation Easier for Children and Families," in dealing with families where a separation is occurring, teachers should:
A)avoid discussing the situation.
B)look solely to the remaining parent for decisions.
C)be aware of children's family circumstances.
D)lower expectations for children's behavior.
44
As noted in "Making Long-Term Separation Easier for Children and Families," families will function less effectively during a separation if they:
A)use active coping styles.
B)are optimistic.
C)rely heavily on others.
D)give meaning to the separation.
45
As stated in "Making Long-Term Separation Easier for Children and Families," the risk of child or spouse abuse is heightened after the return of a family member.
A)True
B)False
46
As discussed in "Keys to Quality Infant Care," McMullen and colleagues observed that:
A)positive social-emotional interactions are universal in infant rooms.
B)teachers who show deeply respectful caregiving see internalization of friendly interactions in children.
C)small children are incapable of empathy.
D)teacher behavior bears little connection to children's interactions.
47
As noted in "Keys to Quality Infant Care," give-and-take games teach babies:
A)good manners.
B)time passage.
C)how to grasp things.
D)how to take turns.
48
As stated in "Keys to Quality Infant Care," babies prefer low-pitched voices.
A)True
B)False
49
As explained in "Gaga for Gadgets," what makes a computer program, an app, or a television show educational is:
A)using it with supervision.
B)quality of visual presentation.
C)pace.
D)content.
50
As reported in "Gaga for Gadgets," the Kaiser Family Foundation research found that:
A)parents do not know how much time their children spend in front of a screen.
B)screen time has remained constant over the last decade.
C)screen time for children has increased.
D)screen time for children has decreased.
51
As noted in "Gaga for Gadgets," the majority of 8- to 18-year olds surveyed said their parents set limits on their video usage.
A)True
B)False
52
As reported in "The Wonder Years," factors that determine the quality of early childcare include all of the following except:
A)group size.
B)adult responsiveness.
C)home setting.
D)continuity.
53
As noted in "The Wonder Years," children who do not have a warm, responsive relationship with a caregiver are at higher risk of:
A)lack of emotions.
B)conformity to inadequate standards.
C)egotism.
D)cognitive and language delays.
54
As stated in "The Wonder Years," children represent a disproportionate percentage of the nation's poor.
A)True
B)False
55
In discussing physical activity, the author of "Class Division" reports that:
A)lack of it does girls no harm.
B)it is more prevalent in schools than it used to be.
C)lack of it does boys no harm.
D)lack of it does more harm to boys than girls.
56
As noted in "Class Division," Sam's problem in school was that:
A)he did not like books.
B)his teacher chose the wrong books.
C)he was teased because of his reading.
D)he could not decode the instructions the teacher put on the board.
57
As pointed out in "Class Division," there is hard evidence that suggests that boys are hard-wired very differently in their brains than girls.
A)True
B)False
58
As suggested in "Learning in an Inclusive Community," in inclusive classrooms, teachers avoid:
A)confronting bullying.
B)conversations about disabilities.
C)showing their emotions.
D)marginalizing students experiencing difficulty.
59
According to "Learning in an Inclusive Community," the only way to gain fluency in diversity is through:
A)learning new languages.
B)genuine relationships with different people.
C)developing empathy.
D)listening to others.
60
As stated in "Learning in an Inclusive Community," students remember everything about how they felt in a classroom.
A)True
B)False
61
As enumerated in "Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder," the number of recognized types of autism is:
A)five.
B)two.
C)three.
D)uncountable, since autism is considered as residing on an infinite spectrum.
62
As noted in "Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder," the strengths and weaknesses of children with autism:
A)are the same for all children with autism.
B)differ according to gender.
C)are different for each child with autism.
D)differ according to the family's socio-economic status.
63
According to "Young Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder," girls are five times more likely to exhibit symptoms of autism than their male counterparts.
A)True
B)False
64
According to "Individualizing Instruction in Preschool Classrooms," the key to support learning is to:
A)assume a need for maximum support.
B)assume a need for minimal support.
C)increase support incrementally.
D)determine what intensity of support would be most helpful.
65
As stated in "Individualizing Instruction in Preschool Classrooms," an event or activity is considered instructive if:
A)a child learns something from it.
B)information is exchanged.
C)it is done intentionally to support learning.
D)communication within it is structured.
66
As pointed out in "Individualizing Instruction in Preschool Classrooms," children with disabilities may not exhibit the same kinds of behaviors as their typically developing peers.
A)True
B)False
67
As presented in "The Why Behind RTI," the underlying premise of Response to Intervention (RTI) is that schools should
A)focus on standardized testing for all students in an attempt to improve scores across the board.
B)funnel students into a special-education curriculum as soon as learning difficulties are detected.
C)wait until students fall far enough behind to qualify for special education before implementing any interventions.
D)provide targeted and systematic interventions to all students as soon as they demonstrate the need.
68
As argued in "The Why Behind RTI," following pacing guides for each course ensures that
A)teachers will teach all the required material before the state assessments.
B)students will learn all the required material before the state assessments.
C)each student will have an individualized learning experience.
D)students with special needs will not be left behind.
69
As noted in "The Why Behind RTI," it is estimated that up to 50 percent of the U.S. prison population consists of individuals who were once identified as students with special needs.
A)True
B)False
70
As noted in "Take Charge of Your Personal and Professional Development," the factor that fosters the academic, language, and social competencies of children in pre-K is:
A)a well-educated teacher.
B)pleasant environment.
C)support staff.
D)high-quality interaction between teachers and students.
71
As reported in "Take Charge of Your Personal and Professional Development," core values and specific features of early childhood include:
A)original and specific research.
B)no specialized knowledge.
C)research-to-practice applications.
D)unique standards of particular setting.
72
As pointed out in "Take Charge of Your Personal and Professional Development," research suggests that there are no substantive differences in the way in which college-educated and non-college-educated teachers relate to children.
A)True
B)False
73
As noted in "Helping Children Learn and Play Together," children with low acceptance by peers in the early years are more likely than others to:
A)graduate on time.
B)develop mental-health problems.
C)develop resilience.
D)concentrate on academics.
74
As reported in "Helping Children Learn and Play Together," Fox and colleagues' framework for social development:
A)pertains only to school environments.
B)is shaped like a cube.
C)focuses on promotion and prevention.
D)focuses heavily on intensive individualized interventions.
75
As pointed out in "Helping Children Learn and Play Together," shy children should be grouped together so they will be comfortable sharing opinions.
A)True
B)False
76
According to "Rough Play: One of the Most Challenging Behaviors," teacher and parents tend to prohibit rough play because:
A)it is dangerous.
B)violence cannot be tolerated.
C)they mistake it for real fighting.
D)it is loud.
77
As reported in "Rough Play: One of the Most Challenging Behaviors," characteristics of rough and tumble play include all of the following except that it is:
A)adaptive.
B)evolutionarily useful.
C)only beneficial for boys.
D)linked to normal brain development.
78
As pointed out in "Rough Play: One of the Most Challenging Behaviors," big-body play should never be tolerated indoors.
A)True
B)False
79
As defined in "Play and Social Interaction in Middle Childhood," play is:
A)not necessary for a child's social development.
B)usually done under the direction of an adult.
C)only useful to young children in their social development.
D)an activity that is voluntary and self-organized by children.
80
As explained in "Play and Social Interaction in Middle Childhood," pretense play is especially useful because:
A)children use their imaginations to foresee and practice aspects of daily living, making them less onerous in adulthood.
B)it is good for children to become pretentious adults.
C)this type of play helps to develop hand/eye coordination.
D)it involves technology-enhanced play materials.
81
As recounted in "Play and Social Interaction in Middle Childhood," middle-childhood play involves a great deal of humor.
A)True
B)False
82
According to "Is Tattling a Bad Word?", the strategy most often suggested to children bothered by bullies is to:
A)turn the other cheek.
B)ignore it.
C)tell an adult.
D)consider the source.
83
As reported in "Is Tattling a Bad Word?", young children who have a reputation of not being liked:
A)outgrow that label.
B)are often disliked because they tattle.
C)are at greater risk of school failure in later grades.
D)usually have other problems that make them hard to like.
84
As suggested in "Is Tattling a Bad Word?", if a teacher witnesses bullying, he or she should give the bully an opportunity to confess.
A)True
B)False
85
As mentioned in "Keeping Children Active: What You Can Do to Fight Childhood Obesity," children today get 25 percent of daily vegetable servings from:
A)asparagus.
B)ketchup.
C)potato chips and French fries.
D)corn chips.
86
As maintained in "Keeping Children Active: What You Can Do to Fight Childhood Obesity," schools are perhaps unwittingly contributing to the obesity crisis by:
A)foregoing recess and physical education classes for more academic instruction.
B)serving fattening foods at lunchtime.
C)decreasing funding for classes like Home Economics that teach healthy eating.
D)encouraging unstructured rather than structured play time.
87
As presented in "Keeping Children Active: What You Can Do to Fight Childhood Obesity," a full one-third of children in America can be classified as obese.
A)True
B)False
88
As noted in "Enhancing Development and Learning through Teacher-Child Relationships," behaviors such as crying, cooing, and smiling by infants serve the purpose of:
A)expressing their needs and drawing adult attention.
B)practicing their emerging language skills.
C)engaging in imaginative play.
D)furthering their social and emotional development.
89
The quality of a teacher-child relationship, as addressed in "Enhancing Development and Learning through Teacher-Child Relationships," can be gauged:
A)when a child begins to walk.
B)around the time a child begins social smiling.
C)shortly after a child begins to crawl.
D)around three months of age.
90
As cited in "Enhancing Development and Learning through Teacher-Child Relationships," children who develop close relationships with teachers often have better relationships with other children.
A)True
B)False
91
As reported in "Promoting Emotional Competence in the Preschool Classroom," research about a child's state of emotional development indicates that its impact is:
A)limited to social settings.
B)limited to academic settings.
C)in all domains.
D)impossible to assess.
92
As identified in "Promoting Emotional Competence in the Preschool Classroom," characteristics in a kindergarten child that are needed for academic success include all of the following except:
A)curiosity.
B)persistence in learning situations.
C)eagerness to learn.
D)dependence on authority figures.
93
As stated in "Promoting Emotional Competence in the Preschool Classroom," teachers are routinely trained in the assessment and promotion of emotional competence.
A)True
B)False
94
As reported in "Helping Young Boys Be Successful Learners in Today's Early Childhood Classrooms," many programs have veered away from a play-centered curriculum because of:
A)a lack of understanding of research on the importance of play.
B)a quest to promote academic achievement.
C)concerns about safety and liability.
D)increasing percentage of children lacking social skills.
95
As identified in "Helping Young Boys Be Successful Learners in Today's Early Childhood Classrooms," the factor that James Comer maintains as contributing more to dysfunctional and underperforming schools than anything else is lack of:
A)adequate funding for staff and materials.
B)good quality teacher education and preparation.
C)effective home-school cooperation.
D)focus on child development.
96
As pointed out in "Helping Young Boys Be Successful Learners in Today's Early Childhood Classrooms," depriving boys of dramatic play time limits their literacy development.
A)True
B)False
97
As recounted in "Developmentally Appropriate Child Guidance," the purpose of discipline in the classroom should be:
A)to punish a child for bad behavior.
B)to mold children into good citizens.
C)as harsh as possible to prevent future bad behavior.
D)to help children learn to be cooperative and accept responsibility for their actions.
98
As related in "Developmentally Appropriate Child Guidance," using praise as a motivator is not as effective in a child's social development as:
A)recognition and encouragement.
B)corporal punishment.
C)imposing penalties for bad behavior, such as a "time-out" period.
D)shunning by his peers.
99
As noted in "Developmentally Appropriate Child Guidance," when a child is disciplined it is important to make clear that the child's behavior is bad, not the child him/herself.
A)True
B)False
100
According to "Kindergarten Dilemma: Hold Kids Back to Get Ahead?", the demographics of redshirting include that:
A)low-income families are more likely to redshirt children than high-income families.
B)girls are more likely to be redshirted than boys.
C)boys are more likely to be redshirted than girls.
D)minorities are more likely to be redshirted than whites.
101
As related in "Kindergarten Dilemma: Hold Kids Back to Get Ahead?", the study reported in the journal Economics of Education Review:
A)involved children from around the world.
B)found the oldest children in every class the most likely to go to college.
C)suggested serious economic benefits from redshirting.
D)found that age at kindergarten entry had no effect on wages later in life.
102
As observed in "Kindergarten Dilemma: Hold Kids Back to Get Ahead?", minority parents are more concerned than white parents about their children's readiness for kindergarten.
A)True
B)False
103
As reported in "Want to Get Your Kids into College? Let Them Play," one of the best predictors of school success is the ability to:
A)use time productively.
B)memorize lists.
C)be friendly.
D)control impulses.
104
As pointed out in "Want to Get Your Kids into College? Let Them Play," the beauty of a play-based curriculum is that:
A)young children benefit most from structure.
B)social isolation prompts meaningful content acquisition.
C)happy children cause fewer classroom-management issues.
D)young children observe and learn from others' emotions and experiences.
105
As stated in "Want to Get Your Kids into College? Let Them Play," there has not yet been any research showing an association between dramatic play and self-regulation.
A)True
B)False
106
As presented in Developmentally Appropriate Practice in the Age of Testing, a study found that most of the time in over 200 New York City and Los Angeles kindergartens was spent:
A)practicing artistic skills.
B)as free play time or recess.
C)practicing literacy and math skills.
D)practicing handwriting drills.
107
As related in Developmentally Appropriate Practice in the Age of Testing, a study of 1,500 children from 10 countries found that children's language skills were significantly improved if:
A)teachers allowed students to choose their activities rather than be given didactic lessons.
B)the main focus of literacy classes focused on grammar and spelling.
C)children were allowed to bring their own books to school.
D)their teachers held at least a Masters' degree in early childhood education.
108
As mentioned in Developmentally Appropriate Practice in the Age of Testing, young children acquire most of their learning through play.
A)True
B)False
109
As reported in "Acknowledging Learning Through Play in the Primary Grades," in the current educational environment:
A)there is an overabundance of teacher-directed activities.
B)teachers make more instructional decisions on an everyday basis than they used to.
C)there is a strong emphasis on developmentally appropriate play.
D)teachers have more professional autonomy than they used to.
110
As pointed out in "Acknowledging Learning Through Play in the Primary Grades," David Elkind observed that:
A)children are blissfully immune to stress.
B)adults must encourage students to meet standards.
C)society rushes children toward adulthood at the expense of childhood.
D)society should reward children for moving quickly to maturity.
111
As noted in "Acknowledging Learning Through Play in the Primary Grades," primary-grade children have advanced to playing games with rules.
A)True
B)False
112
As reported in "Repeating Views on Grade Retention," most students are retained in grade because of:
A)disciplinary actions.
B)socio-emotional or academic reasons.
C)absenteeism.
D)lack of resources for other remediation.
113
As pointed out in "Repeating Views on Grade Retention," the age-graded system of schools was introduced in the United States by:
A)George McGuffy.
B)Horace Mann.
C)John Dewey.
D)Maria Montessori.
114
As stated in "Repeating Views on Grade Retention," children who are retained in a grade have a higher incidence of drop-out.
A)True
B)False
115
According to "The Power of Documentation in the Early Childhood Classroom," effective documentation should:
A)include objective assessment of performance.
B)not involve subjective perceptions.
C)take a broad view of areas of study.
D)tell the story and purpose of an event.
116
As identified in "The Power of Documentation in the Early Childhood Classroom," among the accepted reasons for documentation are all of the following except:
A)comparing different students' progress.
B)showing accountability.
C)extending learning.
D)making learning visible.
117
As stated in "The Power of Documentation in the Early Childhood Classroom," the format for documentation should reflect the intended audience.
A)True
B)False
118
As reported in "When School Lunch Doesn't Make the Grade," in the current school environment, concerns about school lunches include that:
A)they do not contain sufficient calories to maintain energy levels.
B)most of the foods served are things children will not eat.
C)there is too much sodium in school food.
D)the quality of food has deteriorated in the last decade.
119
As pointed out in "When School Lunch Doesn't Make the Grade," the worst food in the school cafeteria is what is:
A)served through the National School Lunch Program.
B)brought from home.
C)served to students who pay full price.
D)sold a la carte.
120
As noted in "When School Lunch Doesn't Make the Grade," schools raise a large amount of revenue through the sale of junk food.
A)True
B)False
121
According to "Give Me a Break: The Argument for Recess," besides time on task, the reason cited by school districts for eliminating recess is:
A)lack of quality playground equipment.
B)opposition from parents.
C)opposition from teachers.
D)safety and behavior issues.
122
As noted in "Give Me a Break: The Argument for Recess," Jarrett contends that the benefit of recess is that it:
A)gets rid of excess endorphins.
B)provides cognitive disequilibration.
C)provides the brain with opportunities to create chemicals needed for long-term memory.
D)causes the brain to produce natural sedatives.
123
As pointed out in "Give Me a Break: The Argument for Recess," researchers have found that spending more time on task guarantees an increase in learning.
A)True
B)False
124
As reported in "5 Hallmarks of Good Homework," a homework assignment is not a good one if:
A)it does not teach the student something.
B)it involves a lot of writing.
C)the student completes it quickly.
D)the student must have parent help to complete it.
125
As noted in "5 Hallmarks of Good Homework," the quality of a homework assignment:
A)has nothing to do with its appearance.
B)is impacted by how inviting it looks.
C)is related to how much fun it is to do.
D)may be reduced by requiring students to make choices.
126
As pointed out in "5 Hallmarks of Good Homework," there should be no time limit on how long a homework assignment takes to complete.
A)True
B)False
127
According to "Preschool Curricula: Finding One That Fits," one of the main features of the direct instruction model of teaching is:
A)encouraging children to explore and develop on their own.
B)having a highly structured, teacher-centered approach.
C)including parents as "co-teachers" in the classroom.
D)setting very loose standards.
128
As discussed in "Preschool Curricula: Finding One That Fits," the teacher's role in the Montessori method is to:
A)carefully plan and determine which activities and subjects will be taught on a given day.
B)follow the children's lead and not impose ideas or beliefs on them.
C)facilitate learning by preparing an environment conducive to learning and observe the children and their development.
D)create a family-like environment since most of a child's early learning begins at home.
129
As noted in "Preschool Curricula: Finding One That Fits," the Reggio Emilia curricular approach is generally centered on the child with play as an essential component for learning and development.
A)True
B)False
130
As defined in "Beyond the Lorax?: The Greening of the American Curriculum," videophilia is the:
A)love of videos.
B)love of television.
C)new human preference for sedentary activities involving electronics.
D)urge to affiliate with other forms of life.
131
As mentioned in "Beyond the Lorax?: The Greening of the American Curriculum," one consequence of having a majority of the population living in urban areas is that:
A)more people are disconnected from the natural world.
B)property taxes in urban areas rise.
C)more natural spaces will be taken over by housing developments as cities grow.
D)the tax base in urban areas shrinks.
132
As noted in "Beyond the Lorax?: The Greening of the American Curriculum," biophilia is the urge to affiliate with other forms of life.
A)True
B)False
133
According to "Constructive Play: A Value-Added Strategy for Meeting Early Learning Standards," early learning standards:
A)have not yet been passed by a majority of states.
B)generally do not involve areas beyond language development.
C)are often not favored by advocates of play-based approaches to learning.
D)are not connected to outcomes assessment.
134
As reported in "Constructive Play: A Value-Added Strategy for Meeting Early Learning Standards," Bedrova and Leong contend that critical components of the type of mature play that promotes learning and development include:
A)real life situations.
B)rules.
C)negotiations.
D)spoken communications.
135
As stated in "Constructive Play: A Value-Added Strategy for Meeting Early Learning Standards," inquiry-based learning is seeking answers to our own questions.
A)True
B)False
136
According to "Calendar Time for Young Children: Good Intentions Gone Awry," teachers who use calendar-related events should be aware that:
A)calendars should be used to mark extended periods of time.
B)focus on the calendar is an appropriate way to introduce young children to time concepts.
C)it is difficult to individualize instruction during a large group activity such as calendar time.
D)the calendar routine is the most useful format for teaching sequencing.
137
As noted in "Calendar Time for Young Children: Good Intentions Gone Awry," temporal concepts that preschool children are capable of grasping include:
A)yesterday.
B)next week.
C)in several hours.
D)later.
138
As pointed out in "Calendar Time for Young Children: Good Intentions Gone Awry," the ability to judge relative time from a past event or until a future event is usually in place by age five or six.
A)True
B)False
139
Conclusions reached about physical activity and learning in "Why We Should Not Cut P.E." include all of the following except that:
A)boys benefit from physical education more than girls.
B)increasing the number of minutes students spend in physical education will not impede their academic achievement.
C)regular physical activity is associated with higher levels of academic performance.
D)physical activity is beneficial to general cognitive functioning.
140
As reported in "Why We Should Not Cut P.E.," reviewing the research on the relationship between physical education and academic performance finds that:
A)research has concentrated on the high-school level.
B)studies often lack ecological validity.
C)most studies have concentrated on students at risk for obesity.
D)the key variable in most of the studies has been the quality of the physical education.
141
As pointed out in "Why We Should Not Cut P.E.," physically fit youth are more likely to have better grades and test scores than inactive students.
A)True
B)False





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