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1. Cambridge Makes History, Chris Guy, The Baltimore Sun, July 10, 2008

This page-one personal and municipal profile by Chris Guy traces a model path for small Southern towns, where African Americans have endured and overcome exclusionary and violent practices, and have begun a new period of power sharing, respect, and balanced participation and governance.

2. Chicago and the Irish, Tom Deignan, Irish America, August/September, 2008

Deignan's profile of the Irish in Chicago, and the compilation of personal expressions of ethnic identity reveal the dual characteristics nature of affinities to places and culture that shapes the personality of the members of an ethnic group.

3. 'Bursting with Pride' in Little Italy, Kelly Brewington, The Baltimore Sun, November 11, 2006

Kelly Brewington's report on the election of Nancy Pelosi, and the reactions in her old Baltimore "Little Italy" neighborhood, reveals the reality of local loyalty within the Italian-American tradition.

4. Parishes in Transition: Holding on While Letting Go and Old Order Changing on South Bend's West Side, Jessica Trobaugh Temple and Erin Blasko, South Bend Tribune, May 8, 2003

These local accounts of Hispanic, Hungarian, and Polish communities reveal the transition experienced by ethnic Catholic parishes in an old industrial city of the Midwest.

5. In Manassas, the Medium Is the Issue, Nick Miroff, The Washington Post, July 2, 2008

Miroff reports on this expression of community in transition and conflict and exposes the local and particular aspects of immigration and assimilation that are frequently lost in general discussions of public policy.

6. In Brooklyn, an Evolving Ethnicity, Delizia Flaccavento, Ambassador, National Italian American Foundation, Summer 2006

This profile of the streets of Bensonhurst recounts the efforts taken by the Federation of Italian-American Organizations toward the recultivation of neighborhood-based ethnicity that flourished in this original ethnic enclave.

7. Mélange Cities, Blair A. Ruble, The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2006

Blair A. Ruble's essay on the expansion of ethnically pluralistic cities documents the significant transformation of the Washington Metropolitan area.

8. The Hotel Africa, G. Pascal Zachary, The Wilson Quarterly, Summer 2006

This account of the growing number of African immigrants and their ongoing relationship with their countries and regions of origin provides a window into new dimensions of American pluralism.

9. The Fixer, Adam Matthews, GOOD, September 2008

The authors of this revealing account of political mobilization headed by Ward Connerly provide a new vista on the critique of affirmative action and the processes of state-level referenda, which are designed to limit institutionalized approaches to assure diversity that manage pluralism primarily at highly selective institutions of higher education.

Section A

10. Racial Restrictions in the Law of Citizenship, Ian F. Haney López, White By Law: The Legal Construction of Race, New York University Press, 1996

This article traces the legal history of naturalization in the development of the definitions and legal norms that affected American citizenship.

11. Dred Scott v. Sandford, Supreme Court of the United States, 1856

This case is concerned with the claim by Dred Scott, a slave, who was taken by his master to live in a free state and then claimed to have lost his status as a slave. The Court ruled that the U.S. Constitution did not protect him, nor other African Americans, whether they were considered free or held as slaves.

12. Brown et al. v. Board of Education of Topeka et al., Supreme Court of the United States, 1954

In this case the Court overturned Plessy v. Ferguson and ended de jure segregation of public schools. The Court ruled that "separate but equal has no place in public education for separate education facilities are inherently unequal."

13. How the GOP Conquered the South, Michael Nelson, The Chronicle of Higher Education, October 21, 2005

Michael Nelson's review of the recent historical political scholarship on the transformation and rise of new political forces in the South includes personal and strategic switches that account for the rise of the Republican Party.

14. 'Bakke' Set a New Path to Diversity for Colleges, Peter Schmidt, The Chronicle of Higher Education, June 20, 2008

In the Bakke ruling, a splintered Court upheld a lower court order that addressed the question of special admission to medical school, which guaranteed the rights of certain ethnic minorities over the claim to rights of better qualified non-minority applicants.

15. Shaare Tefila Congregation v. Cobb and Saint Francis College v. Al-Khazraji, Supreme Court of the United States, 1987

The Supreme Court reviewed the legislative intent of Congress and discovered that the civil rights law of 1866 should be applied to discrimination based on race and ethnicity, and thus extend prohibitions against state and private discrimination based on ethno-religious distinctions.

Section B

16. Historical Discrimination in the Immigration Laws, The Tarnished Golden Door, September 1980

This article summarizes the history of immigration laws and their effects on immigrant groups: the Nativist movement of the 1830s, the Chinese Exclusion Acts of the 1880s, the quota system of the 1920s, and the McCarran-Walter Act of 1952.

17. The Diversity Visa Lottery—A Cycle of Unintended Consequences in United States Immigration Policy, Anna O. Law, Journal of American Ethnic History, Summer 2002

Anna Law's account of the immigration reforms dating from 1965 and the current public practice of awarding visas by country lottery reveals the curious logic and trajectory of cultural, economic, and democratic assumptions.

18. Ancestry 2000: Census 2000 Brief, Angela Brittingham and G. Patricia de la Cruz, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, June 2004

This report, with its tables and figures, presents troves of data regarding ethnic populations, the persistence of ancestral affinities, and self-identification and regional clustering of cultures in the United States.

19. Minority Population Tops 100 Million and More than 300 Counties Now "Majority-Minority", U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2006

This report, with its tables and figures, presents an invaluable set of data regarding counties that contain new ethnic populations, and describes the regional clustering of cultures in the United States.

20. Irish-American Heritage Month (March) and St. Patrick's Day (March 17) 2008, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, February 25, 2008

This report, with its tables of data about Irish Americans locates and quantifies the persistence and extent of Irish ethnicity and regional clustering in the United States.

21. A Profile of Today's Italian Americans: A Report Based on the Year 2000 Census Compiled by the Sons of Italy, The Order Sons of Italy in America, 2000

This report presents data regarding Italian Americans. It describes the municipal and state and regional status of the Italian American population in the United States.

22. Polonia in Numbers: How Many of Us Are out There?, Good News, The American Institute of Polish Culture/The Piast Institute, 2006/2007

This report about Polish Americans presents data gathered from the U.S. Census and self-identification of respondents. These tables reveal municipal and state clustering of Polish Americans in the United States.

23. Still Unmelted after All These Years, John David Kromkowski, Occasional Papers Series, NACLA June 20, 2008

This article systematically measures American ethnic diversity, quantifies and compares levels of ethnic variety at the state level, and presents graphic evidence of profound ethnic clustering.

24. Who Is a Native American?, Peter Ortiz, DiversityInc, December 2004/January 2005

Peter Ortiz's answer to this question surely includes the ethnic tradition, but also moves beyond such matters to the wider range of concerns related to Native Americans' participation in America.

25. American Indian and Alaska Native Heritage Month: November 2008, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, November 2007

This report on Native American populations provides a quantitative profiles of data regarding ethnic populations and thus a fuller understanding of the persistence of ancestral affinities and self-identification as well as the clustering of indigenous cultures in the United States.

26. Tribal Philanthropy Thrives, Daniel Gibson, Native Peoples: Arts and Lifeways, August 2008

Daniel Gibson's report on the social value of sharing, and profiles of Native American associations and their contributions and self-help efforts adds a new dimension to mainstream knowledge of Native Americans, beyond their activities in gaming.

27. Black History Month: February 2008, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, January 24, 2008

This report on African Americans with its tables and figures presents troves of data regarding this unique population including the social and economic profile of Black Americans as well as the regional clustering of this population in the United States.

28. Who Is an African American?, Yoji Cole, DiversityInc, February 2005

This summary of answers to this question begins with the issue of slavery and describes how it evolved into an ongoing political and social drama of exclusion, and its participatory contributions to American popular culture.

29. That's a Bare-Knuckles Kiss, Jill Rosen, The Baltimore Sun, June 6, 2008

Jill Rosen's account of "the Dap" extends the world of this gesture of ethnic style and inherent coolness to mainstream readers, expanding their cultural literacy and opening all to this gesture's evocation of dignity and pride.

30. African American Philanthropy, Ponchitta Pierce, Carnegie Reporter, Spring 2008

Ponchitta Pierce paints a portrait of a deep-rooted tradition of a group of prominent African Americans, their view of philanthropic giving, and its relationship to America.

31. For Black Politicians, a Rocky Road but a Steady Climb, Karen Yourish, The Washington Post, August 22, 2008

This article along with the historical chart reveals the particular pathway of African Americans toward citizenship, and exceptionally difficult journey toward representation and equal participation in the American polity.

32. Inventing Hispanics: A Diverse Minority Resists Being Labeled, Amitai Etzioni, Brookings Review, Winter 2002

This article discloses the ramifications of the Census Bureau into categories and definitions, as they relate to the classification of Hispanics as a homogenous group rather than as a variety of ethnic groups.

33. Hispanic Heritage Month and Cinco De Mayo, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2008

This U.S. census report presents troves of data regarding the largest ethnic populations in the United States. The persistence of national affinities related to countries of origin as well as the clustering of such identification into a Hispanic–Latino category is also discussed here.

34. Minority-Owned Firms More Likely to Export, Mona Placey, Hispanic Network Magazine, 2008

Mona Placey makes the case for language and culture in globalized markets, and the attendant advantages of second and third ethnic competencies in this arena.

35. To Be Asian in America, Angela Johnson Meadows, DiversityInc, April 2005

The profiles of persons from Asian ethnicities arrayed in this collage of interviews by Angela Johnson Meadows present an interesting and representative set of events and experiences.

36. Lands of Opportunity, Gady A. Epstein and Stephanie Desmon, The Baltimore Sun, November 5, 2006

This article reveals complex human motives and desires, and perhaps surprising pathways from a booming economy in China to America.

37. Asian/Pacific American Heritage Month and Revenues for Asian-Owned Firms Up 24 Percent, U.S. Department of Commerce, Economics and Statistics Administration, U.S. Census Bureau, 2008

This U.S. Census report, presents a collection of data regarding Asian and Pacific ethnic populations, the persistence of ancestral affinities, and the formation of a composite form of self-identification, and regional clustering of Asian and Pacific Island cultures in the United States.

38. Miracle: American Polonia, Karol Wojtylstroka and the Election of Pope John Paul II, John Radzilowski, Polish American Studies, Spring 2006

John Radzilowski's account of the influence of the election of the first Polish Pope on the hearts of Polish-Americans provides a glimpse into the processes and elements that constitute worlds of meaning in ethnic group solidarity.

39. This Writer's Life: Gay Talese, Michael Luongo, Ambassador: The National Italian American Foundation, Winter/Spring 2007

This profile of Gay Talese offers the reader an opportunity to understand the influence of ethnicity on the shaping of worldview, sensibility, and sensitivity.

40. Forces That Shape Ethnic Opinion: What Ethnic Americans Really Think, James J. Zogby, The Zogby Culture Polls, May 2001

Chapter Five of this premier compendium of ethnic views tracks the influence of the demographic factors that shape ethnic identity and political ideology.

41. Neither Natural Allies Nor Irreconcilable Foes: Alliance Building Efforts between African Americans and Immigrants, Yusuf Sarfati and Cheryl McLaughlin, Kirwan Institute Update, Spring 2008

The authors review strategies for intergroup relations, and also pose a larger question about culture and the common good.

42. The Study of Jewish American History and Dutch American History in Several Settings, Hasia R. Diner and Suzanne M. Sinke, Polish American Studies, Spring 2008

Excerpts from this account of ethnic historical associations, devoted to the production of knowledge about ethnic groups in America, indicate the institutionalization of memory in American populations and traditions that are sources of meaning, affinity, and identity.

43. A More Perfect Union, Barack Obama, Transcript of Philadelphia Speech, March 18, 2008

This speech by Barack Obama, presented in the symbolically important city of Philadelphia, at a moment of intense passion provoked by video and live engagement of the Rev. Jeremiah Wright, seemed to be a defining moment for the campaign and perhaps for the discussion of race in America.

44. Pulling the Race Card from the Deck, Peter Schmidt, The Chronicle Review, February 29, 2008

Peter Schmidt's review of the Race Card: How Bluffing About Bias Makes Race Relations Worse and selected excerpts from this book invites the cultivation of a new strategy beyond victimization and denial.

45. Polonia and the Elections: Why We Matter?, Dominik Stecula, Bialy Orzel/White Eagle, July 2008

Dominik Stecula's data and argument are illustrative of an archetypical pattern of ethnic politics. The article, published in a bilingual ethnic newspaper with large circulation among core ethnic members, makes the case for the centrality as well as the inattention of mainstream campaigns to the concentration and saliency of the ethnic voter.

46. White Seniors Energize McCain Campaign, Paul West, The Baltimore Sun, August 8, 2008

Paul West's report of polling reveals a generational gap and racial divide as well as the increasingly clear implication that polling not only measures but also shapes voter preferences.

47. Is Obama the End of Black Politics?, Matt Bai, International Herald Tribune, August 6, 2008

Matt Bai's report traces the generational transition and reordering of politics among African Americans and gives an account of new African American office holders and their shaping of another narrative of political development.

48. Obama & Israel, Don Wycliff, Commonweal, May 23, 2008

Don Wycliff's reflection on Barack Obama' Philadelphia speech extends the thrust of Obama's human rights approach into the thicket of Israeli and Palestinian relations.

49. American Self-Interest and the Response to Genocide, Roger W. Smith, The Chronicle of Higher Education, July 30, 2004

Roger W. Smith's provocative review of eight new books present international phenomena such as ethnic cleansing, political violence, and systematic destruction of peoples and cultures, which present new challenges for peacekeepers.

50. Never Underestimate the Power of Ethnicity in Iraq, Amy Chua and Jed Rubenfeld, The Washington Post, January 4, 2004

This account on ethnicity in Iraq, written by Chua and Rubenfeld, explores essential issues about the foundations of social order in Iraq, and the realities addressed suggest implications that extend to the very core of our democratic assumptions.

51. Is Ethnic Conflict Inevitable?, Jerry Muller and Critics, Foreign Affairs, July/August 2008

These are responses to Jerry Muller's historical account of violent ethno-national conflicts, which argue for better institutions to resolve conflict, a fuller appreciation of the values and benefits of large scale regimes and markets, as well as a greater recognition that deep understanding of the power and passion of ethno-nationalism is also required for contemporary statecraft.

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