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Practice Quiz
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1
As reviewed in "Why Cities Matter," books by Dominic Pacyga and William Cronon examine the city of:
A)New Orleans.
B)Los Angeles.
C)Chicago.
D)Atlanta.
2
As noted in "Why Cities Matter," every one of the 20 largest cities in the United States in 1900 was:
A)in one of the states that had been part of the original thirteen colonies.
B)under 1 million people in population.
C)on the site of a settlement originally made by Indians.
D)on a waterway.
3
The author of "Why Cities Matter" says that, in his opinion, Ayn Rand's fictionalized portrait of Frank Lloyd Wright as Howard Roark in The Fountainhead is notable for its accuracy in portraying an architect's life and concerns.
A)True
B)False
4
As presented in "The Metropolitan Moment," the American city intent on becoming the global hub of clean IT is:
A)San Francisco.
B)Seattle.
C)Portland.
D)New York.
5
As identified in "The Metropolitan Moment," the metropolitan area that is becoming a powerhouse of innovation and production by strengthening relationships between government, research institutions, and global companies is:
A)Munich.
B)San Francisco.
C)Seoul.
D)Minneapolis/St. Paul.
6
As stated in "The Metropolitan Moment," for the first time in history, cities and their metropolitan environs now house more than half of the world's population.
A)True
B)False
7
As indicated in "Then & Now: 1940-2010: How Has America Changed?", the overall U.S. population has shifted:
A)North and West.
B)South and East.
C)North Central and West.
D)South and West.
8
As shown in "Then & Now: 1940-2010: How Has America Changed?", since 1940, the gap between women's wages and men's has:
A)stayed about the same.
B)been shrinking.
C)been growing.
D)disappeared, and women's wages are now higher.
9
As maintained in "Then & Now: 1940-2010: How Has America Changed?", a far higher percentage of people had high school educations in 1940 than in 2010.
A)True
B)False
10
As identified in "Eds, Meds and Urban Revival," the largest employer in Birmingham, Alabama, is:
A)Honda.
B)the University of Alabama at Birmingham.
C)Birmingham Memorial Hospital.
D)U.S. Steel.
11
As suggested in "Eds, Meds and Urban Revival," what drives American urban economy now are the bell towers of academic institutions, replacing:
A)retail shopping.
B)financial giants such as banks and investment companies.
C)smokestacks.
D)tourism.
12
As put forth in "Eds, Meds and Urban Revival," one great advantage to cities of universities and medical centers is that they do not get bought out or relocate
A)True
B)False
13
As reported in "Can They Save Youngstown?", virtually any city in Ohio, Pennsylvania, and West Virginia is now struggling with the loss of assets and former status if the city formerly relied on:
A)clothing manufacturing.
B)oil production.
C)steel production.
D)agriculture.
14
As profiled in "Can They Save Youngstown?", Mayor Jay Williams of Youngstown ironically began working for the city after a career:
A)in urban planning.
B)in banking.
C)as a steelworker.
D)as a college professor.
15
As pointed out in "Can They Save Youngstown?", it is acknowledged across the board that when cities shrink, the neighborhoods that end up most expendable are typically low-income and often predominantly African American or Latino American communities.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "Predatory Lending: Redlining in Reverse," subprime lending:
A)is inherently predatory.
B)provides no benefit to high-risk borrowers.
C)involves higher cost loans for higher risk borrowers.
D)strips the equity of homeowners.
17
As identified in "Predatory Lending: Redlining in Reverse," the first state to ban predatory lending was:
A)North Carolina.
B)California.
C)New York.
D)Texas.
18
As observed in "Predatory Lending: Redlining in Reverse," African Americans are less likely to finance their home mortgages with subprime loans than are whites.
A)True
B)False
19
As detailed in "Out of Cash," at the height of the state's redevelopment agency activity, tax-increment-financing revenue in California cities came from:
A)a general use fund that captured property tax dollars as the property tax rose.
B)diverting funds away from schools, which the state was nevertheless obligated to fund in full.
C)a portion of property tax increases, which was then reinvested for further growth in areas designated for redevelopment.
D)funding for local economic and real estate development in California cities.
20
As identified in "Out of Cash," the 1978 "tax revolt" in California that froze property taxes and boosted the creation of new redevelopment agencies and project areas was:
A)Proposition 13.
B)Proposition 22.
C)Governor Pete Wilson's Educational Revenue Augmentation Fund (ERAF).
D)Assembly Bill 27.
21
As related in "Out of Cash," in part due to the California housing crash, Governor Jerry Brown inherited a budget deficit of $26 billion from Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger.
A)True
B)False
22
According to "Bridge Blockade After Katrina Remains Divisive Issue," the reason for Police Chief Arthur Lawson's sanction of the blockade:
A)remains unknown.
B)was that he was ordered to do so by state authorities.
C)was to stop the spread of disease.
D)was a desire to prevent crime from spreading.
23
As reported in "Bridge Blockade After Katrina Remains Divisive Issue," New Orleans mayor Ray Nagin:
A)was out of the state throughout the crisis.
B)was unaware of the problems at the convention center.
C)sent mixed signals to evacuees.
D)forbade people from walking to the Crescent City Connection.
24
As stated in "Bridge Blockade After Katrina Remains Divisive Issue," all people who could prove they lived in the area were allowed to cross the bridge.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "Movers & Shakers," all of the following cities received a large influx of immigrants after 1965 except:
A)Boston.
B)Los Angeles.
C)Chicago.
D)New York.
26
As cited in "Movers & Shakers," the ethnic group that has transformed the South Side of St. Louis is:
A)South Korean.
B)African.
C)Guatemalan.
D)Bosnian.
27
As reported in "Movers & Shakers," diversified cities provide an ideal place for the creation of unique, globally-oriented markets.
A)True
B)False
28
As presented in "Swoons over Miami," Sassen explains the success of Dubai and Singapore by describing them as:
A)cosmopolitan since the nineteenth century.
B)international accidents.
C)government-driven projects.
D)newly minted global cities.
29
In "Swoons over Miami," Sassen makes the distinction between global cities being in the world and of the world; of Chinese cities, she says that the only one that is of the world is:
A)Hong Kong.
B)Beijing.
C)Shanghai.
D)Yangzhou.
30
As quoted in "Swoons over Miami," Sassen believes that there are a lot of very large cities that are not necessarily global cities.
A)True
B)False
31
As detailed in "Outsourcing: Beyond Bangalore," the main reason software engineer Bill Wood wanted to leave Bangalore and find another place to outsource his company's work was the:
A)price.
B)rapid turnover among local engineers in Bangalore.
C)language difficulties.
D)time zone differences between Bangalore and the United States.
32
As reported in "Outsourcing: Beyond Bangalore," low-cost Linux developers can be found in Buenos Aires because many companies adopted open-source software, owing to:
A)that being the software used for computers in high schools in Argentina.
B)a large expatriate population of Norwegians who were expert Linux programmers.
C)a cultural attitude that highly values free sharing of intellectual endeavors.
D)the devaluation of the peso in 2002 making licenses from abroad prohibitively expensive.
33
The author of "Outsourcing: Beyond Bangalore" notes that Brazil has now overtaken India as the outsourcing destination for U.S. firms.
A)True
B)False
34
As reported in "China Makes, the World Takes," after his visits to China, the author has concluded that present trade arrangements between that nation and the United States benefit:
A)only China.
B)only the United States,
C)neither country.
D)both countries.
35
As discussed in "China Makes, the World Takes," factors that generally contribute to the agility of Chinese manufacturers include all of the following except:
A)long work days.
B)highly sophisticated robotics.
C)speed of Chinese production.
D)readily available suppliers.
36
As pointed out in "China Makes, the World Takes," the workforce in the Pearl River Delta is predominantly female.
A)True
B)False
37
According to "The Rise of the Creative Class," places that thrive in today's world tend to:
A)attract greater numbers of creative people.
B)have well-established social structures.
C)have homogeneous populations.
D)provide standard quality-of-life amenities.
38
As reported in "The Rise of the Creative Class," the distinguishing characteristic of the creative class is that its members:
A)are involved in the arts and entertainment.
B)care nothing about convention.
C)engage in work that creates meaningful new forms.
D)are super-specialized in their fields.
39
As stated in "The Rise of the Creative Class," cities where there are large concentrations of service-class workers are all tourist attractions.
A)True
B)False
40
As depicted in "Studies: Gentrification a Boost for Everyone," gentrification generally starts when a dilapidated but essentially attractive neighborhood is discovered by:
A)lawyers, doctors, and dentists.
B)retired middle-class people on a fixed income.
C)real estate investors who want to remodel and flip properties.
D)artists, graduate students, and other bohemians.
41
As quoted in "Studies: Gentrification a Boost for Everyone," economist Jacob Vigdor asks if an American city that has lost half of its population and most of its middle class in the past 50 years would not have been better off with gentrification than it has been without it; the city to which he is referring is:
A)Detroit.
B)Savannah.
C)Houston.
D)Tucson.
42
As reported in "Studies: Gentrification a Boost for Everyone," Professor Lance Freeman's research showed that gentrification has little or no effect on whether a poor resident will move.
A)True
B)False
43
As set forth in "Stop the Subsidy-Sucking Sports Stadiums," since 1990, the amount of taxpayer subsidies the "big four" sports leagues have drawn for new facilities is nearly:
A)$500 million.
B)$6.5 billion.
C)$10.1 billion.
D)$20 billion.
44
As portrayed in "Stop the Subsidy-Sucking Sports Stadiums," "Ballpark Village" in St. Louis is an example of:
A)a new sports facility that generated $238 million per year ineconomic activity.
B)a new stadium that was built because the city's baseball team threatened to relocate.
C)a "downtown catalyst" that failed to catalyze and now litters the city.
D)an office tower built beside a ballpark in order to bring jobs to the city.
45
As shown in "Stop the Subsidy-Sucking Sports Stadiums," the 1984 study conducted by economist Robert Baade showed that out of 30 cities studied, new sports facilities created a measurable increase in economic activity in at least three cities.
A)True
B)False
46
According to "'A Lot of Hooey': Heywood Sanders on Convention Center Economics," in the last 10-15 years:
A)considerable new convention center space has been built.
B)demand for convention floor space has increased sharply.
C)hotel building has not been sufficient to keep up with conventiondemand.
D)few new convention centers have been proposed.
47
In evaluating how different convention centers have done when they have expanded, Heywood Sanders suggests in "'A Lot of Hooey': Heywood Sanders on Convention Center Economics" that:
A)they have universally gained business.
B)they have universally lost business.
C)some have gained and some have lost business.
D)they either have not gained or have lost business.
48
As stated in "'A Lot of Hooey': Heywood Sanders on Convention Center Economics," the Price Waterhouse feasibility study found that the Javits Convention Center has seen a decrease in annual attendance.
A)True
B)False
49
In discussing the concept of eminent domain, the author of "Eminent Domain Revisited," notes that:
A)it is not addressed by the Constitution.
B)the concept dates back to the founding of the nation.
C)it can only be used for building government owned properties.
D)New York only uses it for properties that have been abandoned or condemned.
50
As pointed out in "Eminent Domain Revisited," in the case of Kelo v. New London:
A)the plaintiffs settled after losing in the circuit court.
B)the government cited public safety as the reason to take private property.
C)the ultimate decision of the court was unanimous.
D)economic development by private owners was involved.
51
As stated in "Eminent Domain Revisited," Assemblyman Roger Green contends that Prospect Heights is a blighted are
A)True
B)False
52
As described in "From Metropolitans to Megapolitans," megapolitans can be defined as:
A)urban areas where the population is more dense than in a European city.
B)large areas spanning cities and counties that are connected through commuting patterns and economic exchanges.
C)clusters of metropolitan regions networked either by commuting lines such as trains or buses, trucking, or commuter airlines and separated by less than 550 miles.
D)metropolitan areas with a regionally elected governing bodies.
53
As identified in "From Metropolitans to Megapolitans," the U.S. area in which a federal aid formula placed a single airport between two cities, leading to a celebration of metropolitan integration, is:
A)Phoenix and Tucson.
B)Dallas and Fort Worth.
C)Tampa and Orlando.
D)Santa Barbara and San Diego.
54
As mentioned in "From Metropolitans to Megapolitans," when taken as a group, America's megapolitan clusters form the world's third most populous country, behind China and India
A)True
B)False
55
As described in "What California Can Learn from Spain's High-Speed Rail," the hub of Spain's $60 billion high-speed rail system is:
A)Seville.
B)Barcelona.
C)Madrid.
D)Valencia.
56
As pointed out in "What California Can Learn from Spain's High-Speed Rail," the sustainability of Spain's high-speed train system is in question because:
A)the first stretch of tracks was built in an area that was too sparsely populated.
B)ridership does not cover the system's operating costs, even on its busiest line.
C)high-speed rail has had no impact on automobile travel between cities.
D)the train service is unreliable and trains rarely run on schedule.
57
As shown in "What California Can Learn from Spain's High-Speed Rail," by the end of the first full year of high-speed train service, automobile traffic between Madrid and Seville had dropped to about 34 percent of the travel between those cities.
A)True
B)False
58
As reported in "Jane Jacobs' Radical Legacy," Jane Jacobs was the author of:
A)The Other America.
B)The Backyard Revolution.
C)It Takes a Village.
D)The Death and Life of Great American Cities.
59
As noted in "Jane Jacobs' Radical Legacy," Jane Jacobs is best known for her impact on:
A)urban architecture.
B)community activism.
C)urban planning.
D)activist journalism.
60
As pointed out in "Jane Jacobs' Radical Legacy," an unfortunate side effect of the battle against urban renewal is knee-jerk opposition to government efforts to improve cities.
A)True
B)False
61
As described in "Where Do We Fit in?", a pilot effort to come up with strategies for Detroit's shrinking lower East Side was formed with the information and data indicators that resulted from CDAD's partnership with:
A)Data-Driven Detroit (D3).
B)Urban Neighborhood Initiatives.
C)Detroit Vacant Properties Campaign.
D)Neighborhood Progress, Inc.
62
As shown in "Where Do We Fit in?", the focus of CDCs in cities that embrace shrinkage has shifted from building new housing to:
A)rehabbing old housing.
B)developing low-income housing.
C)revitalizing all of the city's neighborhoods.
D)repurposing vacant land.
63
As noted in "Where Do We Fit in?", American cities have only been shrinking since the 1990s, when Detroit's city ombudsman drew ridicule for suggesting that the city acknowledge that it was shrinking and act accordingly.
A)True
B)False
64
According to "Charter Schools," charter schools across the country:
A)must operate under union contracts.
B)must comply with health and safety regulations.
C)are part of the Department of Education bureaucracy.
D)do not receive public money.
65
As reported in "Charter Schools," New York City's charter schools:
A)have a higher percentage of special-education students.
B)are concentrated in affluent neighborhoods.
C)have a small percentage of free-lunch students.
D)have a majority of students who are either black or Latino.
66
As pointed out in "Charter Schools," charter schools tend to spend more public money per student than traditional public schools.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "The Performance of Charter Schools in Wisconsin," the reason high school students were not included in the study was because Wisconsin charter school high school students:
A)are exempted from research on privacy grounds.
B)do not take standardized tests.
C)are disproportionately at-risk students.
D)are so small in number.
68
As reported in "The Performance of Charter Schools in Wisconsin," the most controversial form of school choice is:
A)inter-district.
B)intra-district.
C)charter schools.
D)voucher.
69
As observed in "The Performance of Charter Schools in Wisconsin," only white students do better in charter schools than in traditional schools.
A)True
B)False
70
As related in "'Why Don't We Have Any White Kids?'", as a result of re-segregation in recent decades, the number of New York City's schools that are at least 90 percent black and Hispanic is more than:
A)20 percent.
B)50 percent.
C)32 percent.
D)17 percent.
71
As described in "'Why Don't We Have Any White Kids?'", decades of academic studies show that segregation:
A)has no effect on students as long as the education provided by a school is solid.
B)is more comfortable for students, who prefer to be with other people of their own race at school.
C)has a corroding effect that includes diminished academic performance, especially for minority students.
D)does not matter to students, as long as they feel that their teachers are good ones.
72
As stipulated in "'Why Don't We Have Any White Kids?'", the racial makeup of Explore Charter School's student body is in line with charter schools nationally, which are less integrated overall than traditional public schools.
A)True
B)False
73
As shown in "Public Money Finds Back Door to Private Schools," scholarship programs that use tax credits to redirect public money to private religious schools are unaffected by the provisions requiring church-state separation because:
A)families donate to the programs, qualify for a tax credit, and then apply for a scholarship for their own children.
B)the scholarship programs that collect and distribute funds are nonprofit organizations.
C)students who withdraw from the private schools are not allowed to take their scholarship money with them.
D)the programs represent one of the fastest-growing components of the school choice movement.
74
As described in "Public Money Finds Back Door to Private Schools," unlike vouchers, which several state courts found unconstitutional, tax-credit programs are nearly impossible to challenge legally because:
A)they are private dollars coming from a private individual and going to a private foundation.
B)the tax-credit programs are often called "neo-vouchers."
C)the free market and private sectors address social problems better than the government.
D)they are clearly a reaction to parents' concern about the education of their children.
75
As given in "Public Money Finds Back Door to Private Schools," a key proponent of tax-credit scholarship programs is the American Legislative Exchange Council, which also championed Stand Your Ground gun laws in the Trayvon Martin case.
A)True
B)False
76
As presented in "Here Comes the Neighborhood," the ruling in the case of Swann v. Charlotte-Mecklenburg Board of Education in the Charlotte, North Carolina, courts resulted in the:
A)"neighborhood schools" model of school assignment.
B)concept of "separate but equal" education for racial minorities.
C)practice of race-conscious student assignment to schools.
D)resegregation of the school district.
77
As explained in "Here Comes the Neighborhood," a "unitary" school is one that is:
A)sufficiently desegregated.
B)fully integrated.
C)predominantly African American.
D)predominantly white.
78
As noted in "Here Comes the Neighborhood," Charlotte is currently one of the most integrated school districts in the United States.
A)True
B)False
79
As given in "Schools Seek New Diversity Answers after Court Rejects Race as Tiebreaker," the court case against using racial tiebreakers involved cases brought against schools in Louisville, Kentucky, and:
A)Pensacola, Florida.
B)Portland, Maine.
C)Seattle, Washington.
D)Akron, Ohio.
80
As asserted in "Schools Seek New Diversity Answers after Court Rejects Race as Tiebreaker," the Supreme Court decision about racial tiebreakers has been called the most crucial public school education case since the landmark:
A)Terry v. Ohio.
B)Miranda v. Arizona.
C)Marbury v. Madison.
D)Brown v. Board of Education.
81
As related in "Schools Seek New Diversity Answers after Court Rejects Race as Tiebreaker," using a racially neutral student-assignment system has resulted in schools becoming more segregated.
A)True
B)False
82
As presented in "Integrating Suburban Schools," the 1954 Supreme Court case that declared "separate but equal" unconstitutional and proved pivotal to the advancement of racially integrated schools was:
A)Milliken v. Bradley.
B)Keyes v. Denver School District No. 1.
C)Brown v. Board of Education.
D)Meredith v. Jefferson County Board of Education.
83
As identified in "Integrating Suburban Schools," due in part to the Milliken v. Bradley case of 1974, most recently the majority of segregation occurs:
A)between different city school systems.
B)between city school systems and suburban systems, and also between different suburban systems.
C)in neighborhoods or school attendance zones that are racially isolated.
D)within city systems of separate and often unequal schools with many students of color.
84
As mentioned in "Integrating Suburban Schools," the first time the Supreme Court acknowledged the right of Latinos to desegregate was in 1973
A)True
B)False
85
As explained in "Broken Windows," in order to prevent crime, the main function of police officers should be to:
A)fight crime.
B)reduce incidence of mass violence.
C)maintain order in a community.
D)solve crimes.
86
According to "Broken Windows," the authors use the analogy of a broken window to illustrate the point that:
A)one broken window does not affect the entire community.
B)disorder and crime are inextricably linked.
C)the police have no control over the destruction of property.
D)the police should not concern themselves with vandalism
87
As stated in "Broken Windows," most citizens felt that their neighborhood was safer when officers patrolled on foot.
A)True
B)False
88
According to "How an Idea Drew People Back to Urban Life," the "broken windows" approach to crime holds that:
A)when minor crimes that cause public disorder decline in an area, serious crime declines.
B)decreases in serious crime in an area will be followed by a decline in the minor crimes that cause public disorder.
C)police should ignore minor crimes such as breaking windows and should focus on serious crimes only.
D)the police can do little to reduce public-disorder misdemeanors and that citizen groups should lead this effort
89
As presented in "California Cities Gang Prevention Network Promising Developments for Sustainability of Local Efforts," in the city of Salinas, the police department focused on the Hebbron neighborhood, known for its high crime rates, by shifting police strategy from enforcement to:
A)realignment.
B)counterinsurgency.
C)trust building.
D)complex investigation.
90
As shown in "California Cities Gang Prevention Network Promising Developments for Sustainability of Local Efforts," the city of Sacramento stands at the vanguard with its concentration on gang prevention, especially its "new paradigm" plan that focuses on:
A)"charlas," or chats between residents and officials.
B)early literacy.
C)changes in probation policy.
D)gang-affected families.
91
As mentioned in "California Cities Gang Prevention Network Promising Developments for Sustainability of Local Efforts," the head of Sacramento's La Familia, a youth development organization, says that cultural and ethnic differences must be taken into account for Latino gangs, where gang participation often crosses generations.
A)True
B)False
92
According to "The Six Suburban Eras of the United States," the New Urbanists believe that U.S. suburban development is broken into two stages, divided by:
A)the invention of the automobile.
B)World War II.
C)the advent of enclosed malls.
D)the creation of Federal Housing Administration loans.
93
As claimed in "The Six Suburban Eras of the United States," the earliest non-urban-looking suburbs began in:
A)Brooklyn.
B)Llewellyn Park.
C)London.
D)Boston.
94
As noted in "The Six Suburban Eras of the United States," as soon as U.S. suburbs began to develop, they were distinct from the cities from which they sprang.
A)True
B)False
95
As characterized in "Why Regions Fail," the group of people that benefits from anti-density zoning laws to the exclusion of everyone else is:
A)school-age children.
B)affluent property owners.
C)poor families.
D)urban policymakers.
96
As shown in "Why Regions Fail," zoning laws in Somerset County, New Jersey:
A)limit multi-family housing to 8 percent of developable land.
B)limit multi-family housing to 46 percent of developable land.
C)were overruled by Supreme Court cases requiring municipalities to meet affordable-housing requirements.
D)prohibit multi-family housing altogether on developable land.
97
As stated in "Why Regions Fail," in 2010, only Hawaii and California had median home values that were higher than those in New Jersey.
A)True
B)False
98
As commented upon in "Patio Man and the Sprawl People," for Patio Man, all major choices of consumer durables ultimately come down to:
A)what his neighbors already own.
B)which model has the most impressive cup holders.
C)the color of the substance.
D)a decorator's recommendations.
99
As brought out in "Patio Man and the Sprawl People," Sprinkler Cities are generally:
A)the most Republican areas of the country.
B)unpleasant places in which to raise children.
C)rarely open to reconstruction and remodeling.
D)too heavily taxed.
100
Contrary to its critics, as mentioned in "Patio Man and the Sprawl People," suburbia is a retreat from gritty American life.
A)True
B)False
101
As presented in "Affluent, But Needy (First Suburbs)," first suburbs are:
A)the oldest suburbs in the United States.
B)urban areas that are striving to be suburban.
C)new suburban areas in development.
D)the wealthiest suburbs in the United States.
102
According to "Affluent, But Needy (First Suburbs)," the population of Nassau County is:
A)growing, with an influx of young, affluent professionals.
B)shrinking, as young people move away and only the elderly are left behind.
C)stagnant, with no growth, but with increasing diversity.
D)in flux, with no clear population patterns emerging.
103
As noted in "Affluent, But Needy (First Suburbs)," immigrants are rarely seen in first suburbs because they cannot afford to relocate into such affluent areas.
A)True
B)False
104
As claimed in "Regional Coalition-Building and the Inner Suburbs," metropolitan areas can bring about successful regional reform by:
A)recognizing that the suburban monolith will block reform whenever possible.
B)building a coalition between core cities and suburbs based on their links.
C)focusing specifically on the needs of the suburbs as people move outward.
D)creating walled-off communities for the very wealthy.
105
As detailed in "Regional Coalition-Building and the Inner Suburbs," the wealthiest region in the Twin Cities metropolitan area is that of the:
A)mid-developing suburbs.
B)inner suburbs.
C)residential, high-tax capacity suburbs.
D)central city.
106
As noted in "Regional Coalition-Building and the Inner Suburbs," a central feature of older suburbs is a lack of resources available to support public services and amenities found in the central city.
A)True
B)False
107
As presented in "Principles of New Urbanism," these principles:
A)are specifically for inner-city areas.
B)work well for small new developments, but not for large areas.
C)are good for businesses, but are detrimental for residents.
D)can be applied to a diverse range of situations, both small and large.
108
As discussed in "Principles of New Urbanism," community designs based on New Urbanism focus on:
A)increased automobile access to shopping and living areas.
B)pedestrian-friendly designs and short walking distances.
C)commuter-based living and working.
D)separation of economic classes and income levels.
109
As claimed in "Principles of New Urbanism," New Urbanism focuses on increasing core density and eliminating suburban sprawl.
A)True
B)False
110
As noted in "The New Urbanism," New Urbanism specifically seeks to embed communities around a:
A)rail station.
B)university.
C)central community garden.
D)natural or artificial lake.
111
As described in "The New Urbanism," a community built around New Urbanism principles features:
A)wide, open boulevards.
B)a mega-mall as an anchor for shopping.
C)narrow, tree-lined streets.
D)cul-de-sacs for privacy and quiet.
112
As depicted in "The New Urbanism," Celebration, Florida, is unusual among New Urbanism communities in that residents generally do not leave Celebration to drive to supermarkets and shopping elsewhere.
A)True
B)False
113
As profiled in "New German Community Models Car-Free Living," becoming less car-dependent is important to Europeans because:
A)gas prices in Europe are becoming increasingly unaffordable.
B)Europe's roads are in disrepair.
C)Europeans own more cars per capita than people anywhere else in the world.
D)most Europeans can no longer afford cars.
114
As explained in "New German Community Models Car-Free Living," Germany's Vauban model was conceived as a way to:
A)lure residents to the suburbs.
B)increase Europe's bicycle market.
C)counter urban sprawl.
D)justify the construction of a train system.
115
As described in "New German Community Models Car-Free Living," due to its early energy policies and revolutionary city transportation systems, the city of Freiburg is considered Germany's ecological capitol.
A)True
B)False
116
According to "Traffic: Why It's Getting Worse, What Government Can Do," rush-hour traffic congestion is:
A)the primary problem with big-city living.
B)the solution to our basic mobility problem.
C)a problem that can be easily remedied with a little foresight and planning.
D)a symptom of a larger and deeper cultural malaise.
117
As claimed in "Traffic: Why It's Getting Worse, What Government Can Do," the basic mobility problem in the United States is that:
A)there are too many cars and not enough roads.
B)too many Americans reside in high-density areas.
C)U.S. roads are the worst in the world.
D)too many people want to move at the same time each day.
118
As explained in "Traffic: Why It's Getting Worse, What Government Can Do," one way that government entities can help ease traffic congestion is to respond more quickly to accidents and roadside emergencies.
A)True
B)False
119
As defined in "Is Congestion Pricing Ready for Prime Time?", "congestion pricing" refers to a:
A)fuel tax.
B)tax on large, multiple-occupancy vehicles.
C)toll charge based on time and location of road use.
D)toll charge based on vehicle occupancy numbers.
120
As claimed in "Is Congestion Pricing Ready for Prime Time?", the most popular and successful congestion-toll programs funnel the toll funds into:
A)transit systems.
B)new roads.
C)tax rebates.
D)suburban development.
121
As noted in "Is Congestion Pricing Ready for Prime Time?", research suggests that, when utilized correctly, congestion pricing can benefit low-income households.
A)True
B)False
122
As described in "California's Pioneering Transportation Strategy," the California mandate that some consider a policy failure, while others credit it with launching a revolution in clean automotive technology, is the:
A)1990 zero-emission vehicle (ZEV) requirement.
B)2002 Pavley law.
C)2009 low-carbon fuel standard (LCFS).
D)Sustainable Communities law (SB375).
123
As explained in "California's Pioneering Transportation Strategy," California's low-carbon fuel standard (LCFS), adopted in 2009, differs from the federal Renewable Fuel Standard (RFS) because the LCFS:
A)promotes the use of electric vehicles (EVs).
B)led to the production of more than 12 billion gallons of corn-based ethanol.
C)applies to all fuel alternatives, not just biofuels.
D)granted waivers to oil companies to defer investments in lower-carbon advanced biofuels.
124
As pointed out in "California's Pioneering Transportation Strategy," California's approach to climate change depends on international agreements.
A)True
B)False
125
The article "Japan's Cities Amid Globalization" surveys development projects in the Japanese cities of Tokyo, Kyoto, Kobe, and:
A)Kanagawa.
B)Saitama.
C)Osaka.
D)Fukuoka.
126
As described in "Japan's Cities Amid Globalization," the massive waterfront mega-development on an artificial island in Tokyo Bay is known as:
A)Rainbow Town.
B)Electric City.
C)Little Hong Kong.
D)Renaissance City.
127
As asserted in "Japan's Cities Amid Globalization," the fact that Kyoto held an international competition for the design of its new rail-station project demonstrates how much was at stake, as this type of competition is uncommon in Japan.
A)True
B)False
128
As shown in "Shanghai Gets Supersized," a turning point in Shanghai's history in 1839-1842 was the:
A)trade in tea, silk, and ceramics along the Yangtze river.
B)first Opium war, in which the British conquered the Qing dynasty.
C)vow of China's communist leaders to transform Shanghai into "the head of the dragon."
D)International Settlement, the zone where Westerners stayed.
129
As outlined in "Shanghai Gets Supersized," the current number of residents in Shanghai is:
A)13.3 million.
B)23 million.
C)8.1 million.
D)9 million.
130
As noted in "Shanghai Gets Supersized," Shanghai lies on the Yangtze river, about 15 miles upstream from where the Huangpu River empties into the East China sea
A)True
B)False
131
As related in "To Catch Cairo Overflow, 2 Megacities Rise in Sand," two new cities were planned outside Cairo in order to:
A)give residents of Egypt's uppermost economic strata a suburban haven.
B)house the indigent residents of Cairo's illegal slums.
C)relieve pressure on the center of Cairo, which was overtaxed beyond repair.
D)form a sprawling community based on Dallas-Ft. Worth or the Twin Cities.
132
As identified in "To Catch Cairo Overflow, 2 Megacities Rise in Sand," the city due west of Cairo and named for a military victory is:
A)Haram City.
B)6 October City.
C)New Cairo.
D)Allegria.
133
As discussed in "To Catch Cairo Overflow, 2 Megacities Rise in Sand," many of Cairo's poorest residents were moved against their will from illegal slums in Cairo's center to housing projects on the periphery of the city.
A)True
B)False
134
According to "Demolishing Delhi: World Class City in the Making," a major problem for Delhi's low-income residents is the:
A)proliferation of labor unions.
B)absence of low-income housing.
C)increase in squatters who take their land.
D)lack of clean roads and shopping areas in the city.
135
As explained in "Demolishing Delhi: World Class City in the Making," to qualify for space in a resettlement site, displaced Delhi residents must prove that they:
A)have viable employment.
B)are Indian citizens.
C)were residents of Delhi prior to 1998.
D)have children who were born in Delhi.
136
As presented in "Demolishing Delhi: World Class City in the Making," Banuwal Nagar was spared demolition due to the strength and influence of its union residents.
A)True
B)False
137
The author of "Reinventing Rio" dates the decline of the city to 50 years ago, when:
A)the capital moved to Brasilia.
B)runaway inflation ruined the city's economy.
C)much of the city was flooded.
D)political turmoil led to massive rioting.
138
As described in "Reinventing Rio," the peak known as Corcovado, or the Hunchback, is famously crowned by the:
A)Church of Santa Maria.
B)giant cypress tree known as the "Old Man."
C)Ayers Rock.
D)statue of Christ the Redeemer.
139
According to "Reinventing Rio," the police have driven drug traffickers out of the favelas, only to set up their own protection rackets.
A)True
B)False
140
As reported in "No Excuses Slum Upgrading," the government's approach to the favelas in the 1960s was to:
A)ignore them.
B)police them heavily.
C)tax them.
D)eradicate them by bulldozing.
141
As stated in "No Excuses Slum Upgrading," across Sao Paulo, the main challenge to a successful urbanization process is seen as the need for:
A)green spaces.
B)income generation.
C)public transportation.
D)clean water.
142
As explored in "No Excuses Slum Upgrading," one of the problems with the favelas is establishing whether residents have legal title to the land they live on.
A)True
B)False
143
As presented in "Femicide in Ciudad Juárez: What Can Planners Do?", the murders taking place in Ciudad Juárez are:
A)typical of any growing metropolitan area.
B)the result of prostitution as a standard means of income for the city's female residents.
C)a specific attack on a particular group of women.
D)the result of illegal border crossings into the United States.
144
As argued in "Femicide in Ciudad Juárez: What Can Planners Do?," the most important factor for progressive planners to consider about the Ciudad Juárez murders is:
A)who is committing the murders.
B)how the murders are being committed.
C)why the murders are being committed.
D)what can be done to stop the murders.
145
As stated in "Femicide in Ciudad Juárez: What Can Planners Do?",c,ity officials and the police department have often turned a blind eye to the Ciudad Juárez murders, blaming the victims and performing lax investigations.
A)True
B)False
146
As identified in "Across Europe, Irking Drivers is Urban Policy," one city where drivers must pay congestion charges for entering the heart of the city is:
A)Stockholm.
B)Barcelona.
C)Munich.
D)Copenhagen.
147
As explained in "Across Europe, Irking Drivers is Urban Policy," in the past two years, German cities have instituted:
A)bike-sharing programs to reduce automobile traffic.
B)a national network of "environmental zones" where only cars with low carbon dioxide emissions may enter.
C)pedestrian underpasses to allow traffic to flow freely across major intersections.
D)apartment complexes with the bottom eight floors designated for parking.
148
As presented in "Across Europe, Irking Drivers is Urban Policy," Sihl City, a new Zurich mall, has 625 parking spaces, far more than the 225 spaces allowed by Brooklyn's Atlantic Mall.
A)True
B)False
149
As noted in "Lessons from a Surprise Bike Town," in the second bike boom, the inventive step taken by Minneapolis was to:
A)convince political leaders to develop abandoned rail lines as bike trails rather than condos or industrial zones.
B)preserve land along lakes, creeks, and the Mississippi River for public use.
C)form the Bicycle Alliance of Minnesota.
D)create bike lanes along arterial streets in downtown Minneapolis.
150
As identified in "Lessons from a Surprise Bike Town," "Nice Ride" is:
A)a rail line converted to a bicycle trail.
B)America's first "bike freeway."
C)America's first large-scale bike-sharing system.
D)a studded snow tire for winter bicyclists.
151
As maintained in "Lessons from a Surprise Bike Town," conditions in Minneapolis are colder in the winter than in Montreal or Moscow.
A)True
B)False
152
As described in "Japan's Remarkable Renewable Energy Drive—After Fukushima," before the Fukushima disaster, data from METI showed that the percent of Japan's power generation that was provided by nuclear reactors was:
A)7.4 percent.
B)46 percent.
C)28.2 percent.
D)86 percent.
153
As presented in "Japan's Remarkable Renewable Energy Drive—After Fukushima," one policy response to encourage renewable alternatives for energy in Japan was the:
A)Eco-Plant EMS.
B)expansion of FIT to include wind, biomass, shall hydro and geothermal.
C)TEPCO price increases.
D)mass-produced LED lighting.
154
As explained in "Japan's Remarkable Renewable Energy Drive—After Fukushima," without a restart of Japans' nuclear reactors, trillions of yen in Japanese bank loans to TEPCO would become stranded.
A)True
B)False





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