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1
According to "More than Man's Best Friend," the general consensus is that dogs were domesticated from:
A)jackals.
B)red hyenas.
C)grey wolves.
D)coyotes.
2
As reported in "More than Man's Best Friend," Peter Savolainen of the Royal Institute of Technology in Stockholm argues that dogs were first domesticated in:
A)China.
B)Sweden.
C)Egypt.
D)Central America.
3
As pointed out in "More than Man's Best Friend," Susan Crockford of the University of Victoria argues that dogs were deliberately tamed to tend herd animals.
A)True
B)False
4
As reported in "Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx," facts that are known about the sphinx include:
A)its original name.
B)the purpose for which it was built.
C)that it was part of a vast sacred machine.
D)the symbolism of the statue.
5
As noted in "Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx," the sphinx:
A)is a monolithic statue.
B)was assembled from blocks of granite.
C)was brought to the site by unknown means.
D)contains several types of stone.
6
As pointed out in "Uncovering Secrets of the Sphinx," the sphinx was not completely unearthed until the twentieth century.
A)True
B)False
7
As detailed in "Journey to the Seven Wonders," the most fragile wonder of them all, standing for only 56 years before it collapsed, was the:
A)temple of Artemis in Ephesus.
B)lighthouse of Alexandria.
C)statue of Zeus at Olympia.
D)Colossus of Rhodes.
8
According to legend, as related in "Journey to the Seven Wonders," the Mausoleum at Halicarnassus was built around 350 B.C. for:
A)Alexander the Great.
B)King Mausolos of Caria.
C)King Xerxes of Persia.
D)Helen of Troy.
9
As pointed out in "Journey to the Seven Wonders," the only one of the ancient seven wonders of the world still standing is the lighthouse at Alexandria.
A)True
B)False
10
As discussed in "The Coming of the Sea Peoples," the Sea Peoples were instrumental in the transformation of Mediterranean society because they:
A)introduced a new form of government.
B)opened trade with cities to the north and east.
C)changed the nature of warfare.
D)brought improved health practices to the area.
11
As noted in "The Coming of the Sea Peoples," the militaries of all the empires of the Late Bronze Age were dependent on:
A)naval power.
B)light battle chariots.
C)foot archers.
D)long swords and shields.
12
As cited in "The Coming of the Sea Peoples," by adopting the Sea Peoples' tactics, Egypt was able to repulse their invasion and regain its former strength.
A)True
B)False
13
As reported in "I, Pillar of Justice," Hammurapi:
A)relied exclusively on battle to extend his power.
B)was one of the great empire-builders of antiquity.
C)was the first king of a new dynasty.
D)was descended from the Moabites.
14
As noted in "I, Pillar of Justice," the Pillar of Justice is carved in:
A)limestone.
B)granite.
C)soapstone.
D)basalt.
15
As discussed in "I, Pillar of Justice," Marduk was the patron deity of the city of Babylon.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "Before Tea Leaves Divination in Ancient Babylonia," the liver diviners employed by King Ashurbanipal:
A)found his cause unjust.
B)predicted his early demise.
C)predicted his brother would defeat him.
D)fabricated their prediction to please him.
17
As noted in "Before Tea Leaves Divination in Ancient Babylonia," the largest number of ancient Mesopotamian cuneiform tablets is held by the:
A)Louvre Museum in Paris.
B)Museum of the Ancient Orient in Istanbul.
C)British Museum.
D)Yale University.
18
As stated in "Before Tea Leaves Divination in Ancient Babylonia," all forms of divination were forbidden in ancient Israel.
A)True
B)False
19
In "Troy's Night of the Horse," the author's conclusion about the Trojan horse:
A)agrees exactly with scholars' traditional convictions.
B)is that it is only a metaphor.
C)is that it might actually have existed.
D)demonstrates that such objects were common in the warfare of the day.
20
Concerning the building of the Trojan horse, the author of "Troy's Night of the Horse" observes that:
A)Homer attributes the actual labor of building it to Odysseus.
B)the Greeks did not have with them the professionals to do such a job.
C)the Greeks would not have had the requisite materials to make such an object.
D)such construction was technologically possible at the time.
21
According to "Troy's Night of the Horse," Troy was situated south of the Simiptis and Scamander rivers.
A)True
B)False
22
As discussed in "The Historical Socrates," facts that are known about Socrates include that he:
A)had actively opposed the junta called the Thirty.
B)wrote prodigiously.
C)was put on trial.
D)was widely respected.
23
As reported in "The Historical Socrates," in his story about Socrates and the Oracle of Delphi, Plato says that Socrates was the wisest man because he:
A)new enough to avoid politics.
B)knew he did not know.
C)taught what he knew to others.
D)learned from the Oracle.
24
As stated in "The Historical Socrates," Plato wanted to establish philosophy as he understood it as the one valid form of higher education.
A)True
B)False
25
As noted in "Good Riddance, I Say," the piece of pottery telling the story was originally part of:
A)a common pot.
B)an ornate vase.
C)a lekythos for oil.
D)a beer mug.
26
As pointed out in "Good Riddance, I Say," the owner of the pottery was:
A)rich.
B)well-educated.
C)interested only in himself.
D)a voting citizen.
27
As reported in "Good Riddance, I Say," the new-found wealth in Athens came from the discovery of silver.
A)True
B)False
28
According to "Outfoxed and Outfought," at the time of the Battle of Marathon, the Athenians:
A)had the mightiest navy in the Aegean.
B)were ruled by a despot.
C)had the advantage in infantry equipment.
D)were too busy squabbling among themselves to mount an efficient defense.
29
As stated in "Outfoxed and Outfought," dissent against the Persians began in:
A)Ionia.
B)Miletos.
C)Sparta.
D)Naxos.
30
As reported in "Outfoxed and Outfought," it is clear that the Persians outnumbered the Greeks at Marathon.
A)True
B)False
31
According to "Mighty Macedonian: Alexander the Great," at the time of Alexander's death in 323 B.C., his empire stretched from the:
A)Tigris to the Euphrates.
B)Balkans to the Himalayas.
C)Mediterranean to the Aegean.
D)Danube to the Volga.
32
As recounted in "Mighty Macedonian: Alexander the Great," historians have disagreed about Alexander's character, but there is substantial agreement on the issue of his:
A)sexuality.
B)military prowess.
C)ability to pick administrators.
D)motives.
33
As noted in "Mighty Macedonian: Alexander the Great," historians now generally accept that Alexander was poisoned by his generals.
A)True
B)False
34
As maintained in "Etruscan Women: Dignified, Charming, Literate, and Free," the Etruscan women were the talk of their Greek and Roman neighbors for their freedom of action, their appetite for wine, and their:
A)use of makeup.
B)loose morals.
C)influence on politics.
D)learning.
35
As the author of "Etruscan Women: Dignified, Charming, Literate, and Free" notes, there is only one reference to the Etruscans in the story of antiquity's most famous traveler:
A)Hercules.
B)Theseus.
C)Odysseus.
D)Pericles.
36
According to "Etruscan Women: Dignified, Charming, Literate, and Free," the Etruscans developed a sophisticated dentistry, including bridges with prosthetic teeth.
A)True
B)False
37
According to "Rome's Craftiest General," when facing defeat, the Roman soldier was expected to:
A)commit suicide.
B)reconstitute and prepare for the next effort.
C)retire and accept disgrace.
D)surrender and die.
38
As noted in "Rome's Craftiest General," Publius Cornelius Scipio Africanus first faced Hannibal at:
A)Lake Trasimine.
B)Cannae.
C)the Battle of Trebia.
D)the Ticinus River.
39
As observed in "Rome's Craftiest General," Spain was the core of Hannibal's strength.
A)True
B)False
40
According to "Did Captured Ark Afflict Philistines with E.D.?," the author's conclusion is that the word opalim refers to:
A)bubonic plague.
B)hemorrhoids.
C)pulmonary edema.
D)penises.
41
As stated in "Did Captured Ark Afflict Philistines with E.D.?," besides opalim the Philistines had been ravaged by:
A)fleas.
B)baldness.
C)tapeworms.
D)mice.
42
As reported in "Did Captured Ark Afflict Philistines with E.D.?," the phallus is very common in Semitic iconography.
A)True
B)False
43
As reported in "Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?", archaeologist Yuval Peleg contends that:
A)the Dead Sea Scrolls were created at Qumran.
B)Qumran was built as a pottery factory.
C)Qumran was a tannery.
D)there is no connection between the Essenes and Qumran.
44
As noted in "Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?", the only portion of the Hebrew canon not represented in the Dead Sea Scrolls is:
A)Nahum.
B)Esther.
C)Song of Solomon.
D)Psalms.
45
As pointed out in "Who Wrote the Dead Sea Scrolls?", John the Baptist was part of the Essene sect.
A)True
B)False
46
As reported in "From Jesus to Christ," the factor suggested as transforming the skeptical disciples from fear and wonder to clarity and conviction was the:
A)warm reception they got from the world.
B)words of Jesus himself.
C)persuasive nature of Paul's writing.
D)phenomenal growth of the church.
47
As noted in "From Jesus to Christ," the earliest known writing in the New Testament was written by:
A)Matthew.
B)Mark.
C)Titus.
D)Paul.
48
As pointed out in "From Jesus to Christ," Christianity is the world's largest faith.
A)True
B)False
49
According to "An Inconvenient Woman," facts about Mary Magdalene contained in the New Testament include that she:
A)had once been possessed by demons.
B)was beautiful.
C)abandoned Jesus when he was crucified.
D)was a prostitute.
50
As noted in "An Inconvenient Woman," in England, Mary Magdalene was made the patron saint of:
A)performers.
B)midwives.
C)lepers.
D)housewives.
51
As stated in "An Inconvenient Woman," the gnostic Gospel of Mary contends that Mary Magdalene bore a son to Jesus.
A)True
B)False
52
In discussing the nature of the Byzantine Empire, the author of "The Elusive Eastern Empire" contends that:
A)it was converted by violence at the time of Constantine.
B)there was a strict separation of church and state.
C)it was a Christian Roman Empire from the beginning.
D)it was influenced by the teachings of the apostles who traveled through Constantinople.
53
As reported in "The Elusive Eastern Empire," the demarcation of the empire into east and west occurred under:
A)Justinian.
B)Heraclius.
C)Theodosius I.
D)Constantine VII.
54
As observed in "The Elusive Eastern Empire," at two points, iconoclasm was reversed by empresses acting as regents.
A)True
B)False
55
According to "The Lost Secret of Greek Fire," it seems likely that the characteristic that set Greek fire apart from other incendiary weapons was its capacity:
A)to be stored for long periods.
B)for explosion.
C)to burn on water.
D)to burn flesh.
56
As stated in "The Lost Secret of Greek Fire," tradition has it that Greek fire was invented by:
A)Kallinikos.
B)Theophanes.
C)Alexius I.
D)Yazid.
57
As noted in "The Lost Secret of Greek Fire," the Emperor Constantine VII wrote to his son that Greek fire was revealed by God.
A)True
B)False
58
According to "Islam's First Terrorists," the issue that caused the civil war between the Umayyad and Ali was:
A)proper interpretation of holy writings.
B)territory.
C)polygamy.
D)succession of power.
59
As reported in "Islam's First Terrorists," the Kharijites:
A)were ostracized in Iraq.
B)looked favorably on converts.
C)did not tolerate non-Muslims in their midst.
D)did not tolerate non-Arabs in their midst.
60
As stated in "Islam's First Terrorists," Kharijites believed that heredity and supremacy should be based on tribal origin.
A)True
B)False
61
As discussed in "Al-Kimiya Notes on Arabic Alchemy," the best source for information about the equipment in an alchemist's lab is:
A)Muhammad ibn Zakariya Al-Razi.
B)Gerber.
C)Jabir ibn Hayyan.
D)Ibn Sina.
62
According to "Al-Kimiya Notes on Arabic Alchemy," based on Aristotelian theory, Arabic alchemists considered the four elementary qualities to include:
A)living.
B)dead.
C)moist.
D)noble.
63
As stated in "Al-Kimiya Notes on Arabic Alchemy," sulfuric acid was discovered by Arabic alchemists.
A)True
B)False
64
As noted in "The Church in the Middle Ages," the crucial difference in the role of the bishops in the Middle Ages compared to the imperial model was that they:
A)had no secular responsibilities.
B)were not ultimately answerable to an overall leader.
C)had less influence.
D)were banned from military activity.
65
As identified in "The Church in the Middle Ages," the centers of education throughout Western Europe in the Middle Ages were:
A)universities.
B)cathedrals.
C)libraries.
D)monasteries.
66
As observed in "The Church in the Middle Ages," Frederick I Barbossa was one leader who succeeded in resisting the church.
A)True
B)False
67
According to "What Did Medieval Schools Do for Us?", a monk named Aelfric was responsible for the first:
A)elementary school for girls in England.
B)Latin textbook in English.
C)texts for Anglo-Saxon learners.
D)written English primer.
68
As reported in "What Did Medieval Schools Do for Us?", the Anglo-Saxon approach to learning included belief that:
A)only boys should learn to read.
B)schooling was suitable in principle for everyone.
C)education should be limited to business people.
D)education should be limited to the clergy.
69
As noted in "What Did Medieval Schools Do for Us?", girls learned to read basic Latin in nunneries.
A)True
B)False
70
Advantages held by King John, as recounted in "1215 and All That," included all of the following except:
A)the support of Pope Innocent III.
B)a large mercenary army.
C)inaction by the barons.
D)support of the common people.
71
As described in "1215 and All That," the chief barrier to King John's control of the countryside between Dover and London was:
A)the River Thames.
B)Rochester Castle.
C)a Scottish army advancing from the north.
D)terrible weather.
72
As explained in "1215 and All That," King John was the older brother of Richard the Lionheart.
A)True
B)False
73
As explained in "The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople," knights in northern Europe gained realistic preparation for warfare through:
A)practice at one-on-one combat.
B)skirmishes with Viking raiders.
C)tournaments.
D)acting as squires to knights from the age of seven until adulthood.
74
As described in "The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople," the participants for the Fourth Crusade included many European nobles and the naval fleet of:
A)Venice.
B)Greece.
C)Spain.
D)Florence.
75
As mentioned in "The Fourth Crusade and the Sack of Constantinople," one of the first acts of the Fourth Crusade was the capture of the Christian city of Zara, which led to the excommunication of many of the crusaders.
A)True
B)False
76
As identified in "Monsoons, Mude and Gold," the richest source of gold in the Middle Ages was:
A)sub-Saharan Africa.
B)Russia.
C)western Arabia.
D)Afghanistan.
77
According to "Monsoons, Mude and Gold," the largest industrial site in Europe during the Middle Ages was:
A)the Agora of Athens.
B)the Industrial Quarter of Lisbon.
C)the Venetian Arsenal.
D)the harbor in Genoa.
78
As noted in "Monsoons, Mude and Gold," the coins of the Mughal rulers of India were minted from silver from the New World.
A)True
B)False
79
According to "How a Mysterious Disease Laid Low Europe's Masses," in the fourteenth century, a third of the population of Europe was destroyed by:
A)smallpox.
B)malaria.
C)bubonic plague.
D)typhoid fever.
80
In 1347, according to "How a Mysterious Disease Laid Low Europe's Masses," the first European site to be struck down by the plague was:
A)Florence.
B)Catania.
C)Messina.
D)Genoa.
81
The entire structure of feudal society, as claimed in "How a Mysterious Disease Laid Low Europe's Masses," was strengthened by the plague.
A)True
B)False
82
As reported in "Joan of Arc," victories of Joan of Arc's forces led to:
A)the end of the Hundred Years War.
B)the death of Henry V.
C)the coronation of Charles VII.
D)civil war in France.
83
As noted in "Joan of Arc," the Battle of Agincourt in 1415:
A)marked the premiere of Joan of Arc in battle.
B)left the French profoundly demoralized.
C)caused few French casualties.
D)saw equal numbers of deaths on the French and English sides.
84
As stated in "Joan of Arc," Joan of Arc possessed strategic and tactical prowess of the classical style.
A)True
B)False
85
As reported in "Christian Humanism: From Renaissance to Reformation," at the heart of Christian humanism was a:
A)healthy skepticism.
B)fervent desire for education.
C)kind of reactionary fervor.
D)love of classicism.
86
According to "Christian Humanism: From Renaissance to Reformation," the most famous of all the Christian humanists was:
A)Desiderius Erasmus.
B)Martin Luther.
C)Cornelius Agrippa.
D)Pico della Mirandola.
87
As stated in "Christian Humanism: From Renaissance to Reformation," satire, gleefully and skillfully deployed, was the humanist weapon.
A)True
B)False
88
According to "The Luther Legacy," Jakob Burckhandt correctly identified the Reformation as:
A)a sowing of the seeds of doubt.
B)the renunciation of reason.
C)an escape from discipline.
D)the confirmation of nonconformity.
89
As reported in "The Luther Legacy," the freeing revelation to Martin Luther was in the Bible verse that says:
A)as you sow, so shall you reap.
B)render unto Caesar what is Caesar's.
C)by their works you will know them.
D)the just man will live by faith.
90
As stated in "The Luther Legacy," Martin Luther had an abhorrence of anarchy.
A)True
B)False
91
According to "Explaining John Calvin," Calvin was a:
A)joyless tyrant.
B)cold, inflexible moralist.
C)rigid thinker.
D)humanist.
92
The three languages of ancient Christian discourse, according to "Explaining John Calvin," included all of the following except:
A)Hebrew.
B)Greek.
C)French.
D)Latin.
93
John Calvin, as claimed in "Explaining John Calvin," strongly supported the traditional belief in hierarchy as the general principle of all order.
A)True
B)False
94
As discussed in "Who Was Henry VIII and When Did It All Go Wrong?", perhaps the greatest problem with the popular image of Henry VIII is that it:
A)is based on the biographies of his enemies.
B)is immutable.
C)fails to take his accomplishments into account.
D)is colorful.
95
As noted in "Who Was Henry VIII and When Did It All Go Wrong?", at the time of his accession, Henry VIII was:
A)already morbidly obese.
B)opposed by the church.
C)generally regarded as a man without accomplishments.
D)received with rapturous praise.
96
As stated in "Who Was Henry VIII and When Did It All Go Wrong?", the author's contention is that the change in Henry VIII's behavior was an overnight event.
A)True
B)False
97
As reported in "Women in War," the most important contribution of women to military camp life in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries was:
A)cooking.
B)prostitution.
C)pillaging.
D)maintaining order.
98
As stated in "Women in War," European leaders did not originally prohibit looting because:
A)it was good for army morale.
B)they could not provide adequately for their armies.
C)it made their armies more feared.
D)they had no concept of discipline.
99
As noted in "Women in War," pillagers were careful to keep their stealing and savagery directed against civilians on the other side.
A)True
B)False





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