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1
According to "The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Toleration in 1605," one of the major reasons that few hard facts are known about the Gunpowder Plot is that:
A)England's top government officials destroyed all the evidence.
B)most of the evidence was lost when the building that housed Parliament was blown up.
C)one of the plot's primary conspirators was killed shortly after the plot was discovered.
D)the plot is actually a British myth.
2
As claimed in "The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Toleration in 1605," the primary focus of Roman Catholic discontent in the early 1600s was the:
A)penal laws.
B)Roman Catholic clergy.
C)doctrine of equivocation.
D)condition of poverty among Roman Catholics.
3
As asserted in "The Gunpowder Plot: Terror and Toleration in 1605," Queen Elizabeth's government was particularly bloodthirsty, with an emphasis on torture, execution, and enforcement of all laws.
A)True
B)False
4
As described in "The 30 Years' War," major factors that affected the Thirty Years' War included all of the following except:
A)religion.
B)politics.
C)climate and terrain.
D)government finance.
5
As concluded in "The 30 Years' War," the war ended because:
A)the pope called a peace conference.
B)its participants were financially exhausted.
C)the Protestant forces were triumphant.
D)the Roman Catholic forces were triumphant.
6
As explained in "The 30 Years' War," the early modern era in Europe was one in which religion and politics were kept strictly separate.
A)True
B)False
7
As presented in "Cardinal Richelieu: Hero or Villain?" Cardinal Richelieu ensured himself a reputation of glory through his:
A)skillful use of propaganda.
B)loyal service to the beloved Louis XIII.
C)heroic wartime exploits.
D)ability to accept and respond to criticism.
8
As described in "Cardinal Richelieu: Hero or Villain?" under Richelieu's control, the press was:
A)granted unlimited freedom.
B)eliminated completely.
C)brutally repressed.
D)relegated to a minor public role.
9
As noted in "Cardinal Richelieu: Hero or Villain?" Richelieu's death was greeted with celebration abroad, but great mourning in France.
A)True
B)False
10
As related in "From Mercantilism to 'The Wealth of Nations'," a hallmark of mercantilism was the:
A)emergence of a global trade network.
B)appearance of merchants.
C)practice of imperial rivalry among European powers over global trade.
D)study of economics.
11
According to "From Mercantilism to 'The Wealth of Nations'," the epitome of the Age of Discovery was the emergence of:
A)small merchants.
B)a landed aristocracy.
C)a global trade network.
D)the study of economics.
12
According to "From Mercantilism to 'The Wealth of Nations'," in Western Europe in the period 1500-1750, by far most of the income of the working poor was spent on food.
A)True
B)False
13
According to "400 Years of the East India Company," the English East India Company was:
A)primarily a military organization.
B)a missionary organization.
C)a trading organization.
D)a humanitarian organization.
14
As discussed in "400 Years of the East India Company," the English East India Company governed its empire from:
A)Bombay.
B)Calcutta.
C)London.
D)Singapore.
15
According to "400 Years of the East India Company," the English East India Company pursued both private and public interests.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," John Locke is more popular in the United States than in his own country due to his:
A)role in the American Revolution.
B)political arguments.
C)successful quest for international fame.
D)loyalty to government party lines.
17
As claimed in "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," one group that disagreed with Locke's writings was the:
A)U.S. founders.
B)National Rifle Association.
C)Tory feminists.
D)British Whigs.
18
As noted in "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," in eighteenth-century England, Locke was revered as a philosopher more than as a political thinker.
A)True
B)False
19
According to "Descartes the Dreamer," René Descartes' philosophy began from:
A)intellectual inquiry.
B)curious experiences.
C)emotional study of the Bible.
D)nightmares.
20
According to "Descartes the Dreamer," in René Descartes' philosophy, the only ground of certainty lay in:
A)the thinking self.
B)God.
C)occult forces.
D)the interpretation of dreams.
21
As discussed in "Descartes the Dreamer," Descartes is the preeminent modern rationalist.
A)True
B)False
22
According to "Empires Ancient and Modern," although much ignored, the Battle of Blenheim is of supreme historical significance because it was the:
A)first time that England had been defeated in battle.
B)beginning of the end of France's march toward imperialism.
C)reason behind the destruction of the Berlin Wall.
D)catalyst for the fall of the Roman Empire.
23
As presented in "Empires Ancient and Modern," the publication of a French version of Voltaire's Letters concerning the English Nation resulted in:
A)a partnership between France and England.
B)France's defeat by England in a series of battles.
C)an increased interest in England by the French.
D)the author's banishment from England.
24
As stated in "Empires Ancient and Modern," Voltaire anticipated the controversy of his work and was able to escape France before he was arrested.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "Declaring an Open Season on the Wisdom of the Ages," the Encyclopedie:
A)was banned in Paris when it was first published.
B)was far too expensive to enjoy much popularity.
C)championed fact and freedom of the intellect.
D)had little influence in its time.
26
As noted in "Declaring an Open Season on the Wisdom of the Ages," the Encyclopedie:
A)was finished in an astounding two years.
B)had little impact on eighteenth-century Europe.
C)avoided all controversial topics.
D)was one of the first commercial bestsellers.
27
As given in "Declaring an Open Season on the Wisdom of the Ages," the people who compiled the Encyclopedie rejected coverage of such mundane things as product manufacturing.
A)True
B)False
28
As presented in "Thomas Young: the Man Who Knew Everything," Thomas Young is best known in the current academic world as the man who:
A)fully deciphered the hieroglyphics on the Rosetta Stone.
B)discovered the phenomenon of astigmatism.
C)demonstrated that light was a wave.
D)coined the term Indo-European.
29
As claimed in "Thomas Young: the Man Who Knew Everything," Young's reputation outside of the scientific community is probably not all it should be due to his:
A)knowledge and achievements in so many areas.
B)attempts to take credit for the work of others.
C)specialization in only one area of science.
D)reluctance to share any of his discoveries with those who could benefit from them.
30
As suggested in "Thomas Young: the Man Who Knew Everything," one problem for polymaths is that their knowledge in one field does not readily transfer to other fields of interest.
A)True
B)False
31
According to "The Passion of Antoine Lavoisier," Lavoisier was a great:
A)scientist.
B)novelist.
C)philosopher.
D)astronomer.
32
Antoine Lavoisier, according to "The Passion of Antoine Lavoisier," is credited with the founding of modern:
A)algebra.
B)medicine.
C)astronomy.
D)chemistry.
33
Lavoisier, as claimed in "The Passion of Antoine Lavoisier," was an opponent of the political revolution in its early days.
A)True
B)False
34
As argued in "The First Feminist," the essence of Mary Wollstonecraft's thought was that:
A)the traditional roles of women, as wives and mothers, are not worthwhile.
B)the male-dominated society should be overthrown.
C)a woman's mind is as good as a man's.
D)women do not need to be "reasonable creatures."
35
All of the following, as related in "The First Feminist," characterize an eighteenth-century Englishwoman except that she could not:
A)be divorced.
B)own property.
C)keep earned wages.
D)be guaranteed education.
36
According to "The First Feminist," Wollstonecraft founded the women's rights movement.
A)True
B)False
37
According to "Napoleon: A Classic Dictator?" Napoleon was the model of a "good" dictator because he:
A)believed in compromise and mediation rather than war.
B)reflected an enlightened despotism based on law, order, and hard work.
C)wanted power only for his country and not for himself.
D)blended dictatorship with democracy in his rule of France.
38
As suggested in "Napoleon: A Classic Dictator?" the one thing that Napoleon was not able to achieve during his first three years in power was a:
A)reconciliation between two factions that divided France.
B)balanced budget.
C)compromise with the Roman Catholic Church.
D)truce with the Jacobins and the monarchists.
39
As noted in "Napoleon: A Classic Dictator?" when he began his rule, Napoleon's ego prevented him from taking advice or listening to the opinions of others.
A)True
B)False
40
As discussed in "Slavery and the British," slave owners learned that they secured the best returns on their human capital by:
A)unrelenting pressure.
B)violence.
C)allowing free time.
D)discouraging religious conversion.
41
As noted in "Slavery and the British," the crop that changed everything concerning British slavery in the Caribbean was:
A)potatoes.
B)sugar.
C)rice.
D)tea.
42
As pointed out in "Slavery and the British," Europeans were turning their backs on bondage in their own continent at the same time they were creating and perfecting African slavery in the Atlantic economy.
A)True
B)False
43
As presented in "Victoria," Victoria's popularity with her followers was based on her:
A)skills as a stateswoman.
B)embodiment of traditional feminine virtues.
C)adoption of "masculine" governing techniques.
D)support of early feminism and women's independence.
44
As claimed in "Victoria," the characteristic that supported Victoria during difficult times, but that also proved to cause her the most trouble, was her:
A)strong will.
B)sense of humor.
C)physical beauty.
D)lack of compassion.
45
As noted in "Victoria," Victoria's penchant for surrounding herself with those who would protect her made her largely unaware of the suffering in Ireland or the unrest and difficult conditions of the English working class.
A)True
B)False
46
According to "Bismarck, Prussia, & German Nationalism," as prime minister, Otto von Bismarck's power in the end:
A)depended on retaining the confidence of his monarch.
B)was closely tied to the success of his political party.
C)eroded because of his alienating lack of personal charisma.
D)suffered from his unskilled efforts as a propagandist.
47
As pointed out in "Bismarck, Prussia, & German Nationalism," Bismarck's famous "iron and blood" speech:
A)was a summary of his long career.
B)was a rousing success among German nationalists.
C)suggested to many listeners that his ambition was to topple the monarchy.
D)aimed to reconcile Prussian liberals to the monarch's stand on the question of military control.
48
As reported in "Bismarck, Prussia, & German Nationalism," while in Frankfurt, Bismarck came to believe that the German nationalism movement was the greatest obstacle to enhancing Prussia's power.
A)True
B)False
49
As explained in "Napoleon III: 'Hero' or 'Grotesque Mediocrity'?" the strength of Bonapartism was Louis-Napoleon's ability to:
A)build consensus through established channels of communication.
B)separate himself from the legacy of his uncle.
C)appear as all things to all men.
D)set the social classes against one another.
50
As discussed in "Napoleon III: 'Hero' or 'Grotesque Mediocrity'?" Louis-Napoleon's published pamphlets:
A)contained ideas that he, for the most part, jettisoned upon coming to power.
B)revealed his contempt for the common man of France.
C)reflected the utopian optimism of the era.
D)demonstrated no commitment for genuine social reform.
51
As reported in "Napoleon III: 'Hero' or 'Grotesque Mediocrity'?" the coup in December 1851 was most strongly resisted within the city of Paris.
A)True
B)False
52
According to "The Russians Shall Not Have Constantinople," British participation in the Crimean War against Russia was motivated by:
A)Russia's threat to European stability.
B)the requirements of obligations of various pacts with Turkey.
C)fear of Russian-engineered destabilization of British interests in the East.
D)the recognition of the need to maintain the borders of the Ottoman Empire.
53
As reported in "The Russians Shall Not Have Constantinople," when Prince Alexander Gorchakov repudiated the portion of the Treaty of Paris pertaining to the Black Sea:
A)France led the charge toward a belligerent response.
B)he did so without the knowledge or approval of his tsar.
C)none of the parties involved were willing to participate in a conference on the matter.
D)there was outrage in England.
54
As pointed out in "The Russians Shall Not Have Constantinople," Article XI of the Treaty of Paris of 1856 made the Black Sea neutral waters.
A)True
B)False
55
As presented in "The Evolution of Charles Darwin," a primary tenet of Charles Darwin's theory of evolution is that:
A)species are immutable.
B)life on Earth was created by God.
C)any variation within a species is a fluke.
D)new species arise naturally on Earth.
56
As defined in "The Evolution of Charles Darwin," Darwin's theory of natural selection involves the concept that:
A)the Earth's creator weeded out various species that were unsuccessful in their environments.
B)certain adaptive characteristics allow for greater likelihood of survival and reproduction.
C)species are naturally suited to the environments in which they first appear or are introduced.
D)each species is distinct and not related to any others.
57
According to "The Evolution of Charles Darwin," Darwin's theory of evolution became immediately clear to him as he examined the life forms on the Galápagos Islands, causing him to instantly abandon his creationist beliefs.
A)True
B)False
58
According to "Florence Nightingale as a Social Reformer," one of the greatest achievements of Florence Nightingale's life was the:
A)creation of a nursing school that bears her name.
B)respect that she brought to the nursing profession.
C)introduction of professional nursing into the workhouse infirmaries.
D)development of a workhouse program that allowed inmates to care for each other.
59
As noted in "Florence Nightingale as a Social Reformer," one of the controversial tenets of Nightingale's vision for public healthcare was that:
A)healthcare in the workhouse infirmaries should be equal to that in the best hospitals.
B)criminals and the insane were not entitled to healthcare.
C)people in workhouses should receive some measure of adequate healthcare.
D)the able-bodied unemployed should not take up valuable healthcare resources.
60
As presented in "Florence Nightingale as a Social Reformer," Nightingale originally decided to become a nurse because it was a profession that would earn her both respect and a substantial income.
A)True
B)False
61
As explained in "Benjamin Disraeli and the Spirit of England," the paradox of Benjamin Disraeli's rise to leader of the Conservative Party was that he was:
A)raised as a liberal in a family that rejected social advancement.
B)an "outsider," a Jew of modest means with no formal education.
C)ignorant of the history and politics of England.
D)raised in a family that disliked England's government, monarchy, and national values.
62
As presented in "Benjamin Disraeli and the Spirit of England," one of the catalysts for Disraeli's involvement in the "Young England" movement was his:
A)failure to obtain an office under the Conservative Party of Sir Robert Peel.
B)desire to undermine the House of Lords and the Church of England.
C)intention to establish a Whig oligarchy in opposition to the new government.
D)wish to split England into political and social factions that would allow his rise to power.
63
As mentioned in "Benjamin Disraeli and the Spirit of England," Disraeli believed that the rule of a paternalistic aristocracy could reestablish England's sense of community and oneness.
A)True
B)False
64
As suggested in "The Incurable Wound," the Sanskrit word "rahbas," from which the word "rabies" is derived, is an appropriate origin for the name of the affliction because:
A)all those who are afflicted with rabies eventually die.
B)rabies is found primarily in rabbits and other small animals.
C)rabies victims, both humans and animals, often become aggressive and attack.
D)eating raw animal organs and fresh excrement was an early cure for the affliction.
65
As explained in "The Incurable Wound," one physical symptom that is not associated with rabies is:
A)convulsions.
B)blindness.
C)hallucinations.
D)throat muscle paralysis.
66
As claimed in "The Incurable Wound," once a rabid animal is dead, there is no danger of getting rabies from that animal.
A)True
B)False
67
As discussed in "Quinine's Feverish Tales and Trails," before the discovery of cinchona bark, an effective treatment for malaria:
A)was ingesting cinquefoil leaves.
B)involved wearing amulets.
C)required eating spider webs.
D)did not exist.
68
As noted in "Quinine's Feverish Tales and Trails," Jesuits believed that the efficacy of a new bark for curing human maladies was best indicated by:
A)where it was growing.
B)the acerbity of its bark.
C)the age of the tree.
D)how animals were affected by it.
69
As reported in "Quinine's Feverish Tales and Trails," Jesuits were the first western scientists in Peru.
A)True
B)False
70
As explained in "The Divine Sarah," what set the work of Sarah Bernhardt apart from that of her contemporaries was:
A)her powerful, deep voice.
B)her singing ability.
C)that it was more truthful and less stylized.
D)that it employed an unusual combination of voice and movement.
71
As noted in "The Divine Sarah," Bernhardt's signature role was:
A)Joan of Arc.
B)Cleopatra.
C)Adrienne Lecouvreur.
D)Marguerite Gauthier.
72
As reported in "The Divine Sarah," the part that made Sarah Bernhardt a star was the Queen of Spain in Victor Hugo's Ruy Blas.
A)True
B)False
73
According to "Germany, Britain, & the Coming of War in 1914," of all the great world powers, Britain's involvement in World War I seemed the most unnecessary because Britain:
A)was isolationist and had little interest in the outside world.
B)did not feel threatened by the German military.
C)had a cordial relationship and active trade with Germany.
D)supported all of Germany's actions against other countries.
74
As claimed in "Germany, Britain, & the Coming of War in 1914," most historians believe that the primary cause of hostility between Britain and Germany around 1914 was a:
A)naval rivalry.
B)trade dispute.
C)boundary dispute.
D)hatred of Britain by the Kaiser.
75
As noted in "Germany, Britain, & the Coming of War in 1914," the British Liberal cabinet's decision to go to war was likely the result of acting on faulty and misleading information.
A)True
B)False
76
As noted in "Queen of the Sands," Gertrude Bell's reputation as a serious archaeologist:
A)has been overstated.
B)was secured with the publication of her first book.
C)came only after her death.
D)was established by the publication of A Thousand and One Churches.
77
As reported in "Queen of the Sands," Gertrude Bell's recommendation for King of Iraq was:
A)Faisal Hussein.
B)Ibn Saud.
C)Sharif Hussein.
D)Ibn Rashid.
78
According to "Queen of the Sands," Gertrude Bell was a strong advocate of women's suffrage.
A)True
B)False
79
According to "Art Deco: High Style," one identifying feature of Art Deco style is:
A)arabesques and curves.
B)decadent symbolism.
C)natural settings.
D)geometric shapes and patterns.
80
As noted in "Art Deco: High Style," the Exposition Internationale des Arts Décoratifs et Industriels Modernes is significant in the history of Art Deco because it:
A)is the origin of the style's name.
B)was the first time U.S. modern artists got to display their work abroad.
C)marked the end of the Art Deco era.
D)demonstrated the public's disdain for modern art.
81
As mentioned in "Art Deco: High Style," "arts deco" was a phrase that was originally coined in France to express admiration for this new form of art.
A)True
B)False
82
As presented in "Auschwitz: The Forgotten Evidence," the aerial photographs of Auschwitz taken by Allied pilots during World War II were intended to:
A)identify and track various Nazi concentration camps.
B)map out railroad lines for possible future attacks.
C)monitor a chemical plant that might be producing synthetic oil.
D)provide evidence of Nazi war crimes for future court cases.
83
As claimed in "Auschwitz: The Forgotten Evidence," the Auschwitz-Birkenau camp had been constructed specifically to:
A)provide prisoner labor for the nearby I.G. Farber chemical plant.
B)kill Jewish people.
C)protect Polish and German citizens from Allied bombs.
D)serve as a headquarters for the Nazi war machine.
84
As noted in "Auschwitz: The Forgotten Evidence," one reason the extermination camps that appeared in the aerial photographs were ignored is that the photo quality was so poor that it was too difficult to make out exactly what the camps were.
A)True
B)False
85
According to "Contemplating Churchill," the thing that eventually brought Sir Winston Churchill back into power after years of being dismissed and ignored by the British government was his:
A)construction of a museum that bears his name.
B)prediction about the growing threat of Nazi Germany.
C)lifelong commitment to the Conservative Party.
D)political maneuvering for the independence of India.
86
As noted in "Contemplating Churchill," the centerpiece of the Churchill Museum is:
A)Churchill's Chartwell estate sanctuary.
B)certain objects and photographs from Churchill's childhood.
C)the reconstructed Cabinet War Rooms of World War II.
D)examples of Churchill's paintings and writings.
87
As stated in "Contemplating Churchill," Churchill's ultimate position with regard to the Nazis in Germany was that negotiation and appeasement were the best courses of action.
A)True
B)False
88
As related in "The Mystery of Stalin," what is known through evidence about the regime of Joseph Stalin includes all of the following facts except that Stalin:
A)encouraged Kim Il Sung to attack South Korea.
B)showed respect and approval for Mao Zedong consistently after World War II.
C)planned to assassinate Tito.
D)signed lists of thousands of names of people to be executed.
89
According to "The Mystery of Stalin," revisionist historian Getty contends that:
A)far more people were murdered in Stalinist Russia than was previously thought.
B)Stalin's master plan called for eventual world domination by the Soviet Union.
C)Stalin was a master manipulator.
D)Stalinism was simply a version of bureaucratic politics.
90
As noted in "The Mystery of Stalin," Joseph Stalin left a remarkably frank diary of his daily activities.
A)True
B)False
91
The secret intelligence role for which Kim Philby is remembered, as reported in "Kim Philby Had a Remarkable Long Career with British Intelligence--Spying for the Other Side," is as a spy for:
A)Great Britain.
B)the United States.
C)Germany.
D)the Soviet Union.
92
As explained in "Kim Philby Had a Remarkable Long Career with British Intelligence--Spying for the Other Side," Kim Philby's fellow Marxists at Cambridge University included all of the following except:
A)Robert Hanssen.
B)Anthony Blunt.
C)Guy Burgess.
D)Donald Maclean.
93
After Kim Philby defected to the Soviet Union, as recounted in "Kim Philby Had a Remarkable Long Career with British Intelligence--Spying for the Other Side," he was shunned by Soviet officials.
A)True
B)False
94
According to "The World According to Wells," all great science fiction today follows the same general rule that H.G. Wells used, which was:
A)people are more interesting than ideas.
B)there is no future in pessimism.
C)it is not the gadget that matters, but the people and their culture.
D)the current state of knowledge must be the starting point of science fiction.
95
As discussed in "The World According to Wells," H.G. Wells' view of the future in his novel The Time Machine reflected his belief that:
A)machines would eventually master men.
B)the human race would always dominate the Earth.
C)the natural depravity of man is inescapable.
D)evolution is not a progressive process.
96
As reported in "The World According to Wells," Henry James and H.G. Wells had a running feud about the mission of the novel.
A)True
B)False
97
As stated in "Beloved and Brave," John Paul II saw himself primarily as:
A)a teacher.
B)an evangelist.
C)an administrator.
D)a politician.
98
As explained in "Beloved and Brave," during his papacy, John Paul II placed great emphasis on:
A)delegating authority to national churches.
B)expanding the acceptance of liberation theology.
C)campaigning for the primacy of Roman Catholicism over all other religions.
D)sexual morality.
99
As shown in "Beloved and Brave," Pope John Paul II remained healthy and active until a few days before his death.
A)True
B)False
100
As reported in "The Rise and Fall of Empires: The Role of Surplus Extraction," the key to the formation, survival, and decline of all historical societies is:
A)their patterns of interaction with other societies.
B)their use of surplus income and resources.
C)their greed for conquest.
D)the way they treat those people considered useless.
101
As observed extractors of surplus, priests and bureaucrats have special advantages because:
A)they come into societies already organized by warriors and merchants.
B)people inherently fear them because of their mystical connections.
C)they operate by persuasion.
D)they provide a balance between threats and rewards.
102
As pointed out in "The Rise and Fall of Empires: The Role of Surplus Extraction," when the elite in a society takes more than a reasonable share of the available resources, the general populace is unable to consume the products of its own industry.
A)True
B)False
103
As suggested in "The Maestro of Time," one description that would probably not fit Albert Einstein would be:
A)ethereal dreamer.
B)practical problem-solver.
C)affable genius.
D)abstract thinker.
104
As presented in "The Maestro of Time," Einstein's explanation of the "photo-electric effect" of light on some metals laid the foundations for:
A)his theory of relativity.
B)the construction of an atomic bomb.
C)quantum physics.
D)the theory of gravity.
105
As noted in "The Maestro of Time," Einstein's theory of relativity evolved from the problem of coordinating time across the globe.
A)True
B)False
106
The author of "'You Say You Want a Revolution'" maintains that the Soviet government's attempts to "persecute the Beatles":
A)resulted in making hem less popular among Soviet youth.
B)exposed the idiocy of the Brezhnev regime.
C)remained unchanged until the fall of the Berlin Wall.
D)ended with the Beatles' opposition to the Vietnam War.
107
As stated in "'You Say You Want a Revolution'," in the early days of Beatlemania in Russia:
A)fans listened to the music as a conscious form of rebellion against the state.
B)the Soviet government encouraged the phenomenon and tried to manipulate it.
C)only young girls were Beatles fans.
D)the Beatles were proscribed.
108
As pointed out in "'You Say You Want a Revolution'," it was not uncommon for Soviet police to grab youths on the street and cut their hair.
A)True
B)False
109
As presented in "Europe's Mosque Hysteria," many political scientists, both in Europe and the United States, are warning that Muslims in Europe are:
A)in danger of becoming extinct due to conversion to Christianity.
B)threatening to dominate and change the populations and cultures of Europe.
C)influencing European Christians and Jews to convert to Islam.
D)bringing democratic ideas to socialist and communist European countries.
110
As defined in "Europe's Mosque Hysteria," "honor killings" in the Muslim community refers to killing:
A)civilians through terrorist suicide bombings.
B)a legitimate attacker, as in war.
C)non-Muslims.
D)women who dishonor or defy their family.
111
As noted in "Europe's Mosque Hysteria," Muslims have been very much a part of European history for centuries.
A)True
B)False
112
The author of "Folly & Failure in the Balkans" argues that the main reason for decades of conflict in the Balkans has been the:
A)West's lack of interest in the region.
B)West's penchant for quick fixes and short-term solutions to complex problems in the region.
C)despotic rule by the Soviet Union over much of the region.
D)domineering attitude of the Serbians for most of the twentieth century.
113
In 1807, as reported in "Folly & Failure in the Balkans," the first South Slav people to establish their independence were the:
A)Bosnians.
B)Albanians.
C)Serbs.
D)Croats.
114
The author of "Folly & Failure in the Balkans" argues that the West has shown a definite preference, in the Balkans and elsewhere, for authoritarian leaders over democratically-elected ones.
A)True
B)False
115
According to "The End," Albert Einstein:
A)disproved the existence of the cosmological constant.
B)originally suggested the concept of dark matter.
C)was convinced that the universe was a space-time continuum.
D)won a Nobel Prize for his concept of antigravity.
116
As reported in "The End," the surprising discovery made concurrently by Brian Schmidt and Saul Perlmutter was that the:
A)universe is heavier than was previously thought.
B)rate of expansion of the universe is slowing down.
C)universe is lighter than was previously thought.
D)rate of expansion of the universe has remained constant.
117
As pointed out in "The End," Michael Turner of the University of Chicago notes that recent evidence shows that the universe is flat.
A)True
B)False
118
According to "Why We Study Western Civ," we study the past in order to:
A)avoid repeating it.
B)escape the realities of the present.
C)see how far we have come and how successful we have been.
D)learn how previous generations survived the same mistakes we make.
119
As claimed in "Why We Study Western Civ," it is the civic duty of historians to remind modern citizens of the:
A)natural superiority of modern culture.
B)sacrifices of their forebears.
C)dangers of thinking that theirs is the best and only culture.
D)need to move forward, rather than backward.
120
As asserted in "Why We Study Western Civ," a person can only become an expert on a certain age in history by mastering the ages that preceded it.
A)True
B)False





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