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1
As claimed in "Aztecs: A New Perspective," to the Aztec people, the ritual of next-laualli was seen as:
A)human sacrifice.
B)the spoils of war.
C)a sacred debt payment to the gods.
D)retribution for stolen land.
2
As explained in "Aztecs: A New Perspective," the Chichimecs were a peaceful people until:
A)their land was overrun by neighboring tribes.
B)they became divinely inspired to fulfill a destiny of conquest.
C)the Spaniards arrived and began slaughtering them.
D)their religious temple was destroyed by an act of a vengeful god.
3
As noted in "Aztecs: A New Perspective," the term "Aztec" has been applied to a culture that was, in reality, highly ethnically diverse.
A)True
B)False
4
As presented in "The Mughal Dynasties," the Mughals were a group of:
A)persianized Mongols, rooted in their heritage, who established an Indian empire.
B)Mongolian descendents who denied their Mongol heritage.
C)indigenous Indians who rejected the Muslim faith and ousted Mongol intruders.
D)Indian rulers who joined with Western imperialists to overthrow Muslim governments in the Middle East.
5
As explained in "The Mughal Dynasties," for most of the period of Mughal rule in India, Mughal leaders maintained policies that:
A)burdened and punished non-Muslim citizens.
B)established alliances and equality between Muslims and non-Muslims.
C)did not recognize Hindu citizens.
D)supported a Muslim religious state.
6
As stated in "The Mughal Dynasties," women had few significant roles or impact in any of the Mughal dynasties.
A)True
B)False
7
As claimed in "The Peopling of Canada," from the sixteenth to the eighteenth centuries, European immigration to Canada was:
A)rapid, due to plentiful fisheries and opportunities for fur trapping.
B)limited, because only men were allowed to immigrate.
C)slow, due to limited economic opportunities.
D)nearly impossible, because the French monarchy prohibited it.
8
As outlined in "The Peopling of Canada," at least one-third of the total colonists of early New France were:
A)women.
B)soldiers.
C)slaves.
D)merchants.
9
As noted in "The Peopling of Canada," one of the difficulties in creating large colonies in early New France was that women outnumbered men by two to one.
A)True
B)False
10
As presented in "The Real First World War and the Making of America," the Seven Years' War involved all of the following groups except the:
A)British.
B)Spanish.
C)French.
D)Iroquois.
11
As claimed in "The Real First World War and the Making of America," the Seven Years' War brought about an American epoch that was characterized by:
A)the gradual loss of Indian power in America.
B)Indian neutrality in European affairs in America.
C)Indian control of the North American continent.
D)the decimation of Indian populations from diseases spread by colonists.
12
As noted in "The Real First World War and the Making of America," many North Americans are so ignorant of the Seven Years' War that they cannot even agree on its name.
A)True
B)False
13
As claimed in "The Ottomans in Europe," the Ottoman Empire in the sixteenth century made all of Europe "quake with fear" for all of the following reasons except that its:
A)capital city was larger than Paris.
B)people were strongly united in their Christian faith.
C)army was the largest in Europe.
D)navy ruled the eastern Mediterranean shipping lanes.
14
As explained in "The Ottomans in Europe," the event that allowed the advancing Ottomans to begin complete domination of the eastern Mediterranean was the:
A)murder of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V.
B)severe weather conditions in Europe that made it impossible for Vienna to defend itself.
C)seizure of Belgrade by Suleiman the Magnificent.
D)defeat of Hungary in the Long War.
15
As noted in "The Ottomans in Europe," under Turkish rule, Balkan peasants were forced to become feudal slaves.
A)True
B)False
16
According to "How American Slavery Led to the Birth of Liberia," the most dangerous foe of the Liberia colony was:
A)neighboring Sierra Leone.
B)corruption in government.
C)disease.
D)racial discrimination.
17
As pointed out in "How American Slavery Led to the Birth of Liberia," among those who supported the American Colonization Society were all of the following except:
A)Daniel Webster.
B)William Lloyd Garrison.
C)Francis Scott Key.
D)Henry Clay.
18
As stated in "How American Slavery Led to the Birth of Liberia," Liberia was the first independent country run by black people in modern Africa.
A)True
B)False
19
As stated in "Fighting the Afghans in the 19th Century," British intervention in Afghanistan stemmed from growing British concerns about the ambitions in central Asia of:
A)China.
B)Spain.
C)Japan.
D)Russia.
20
As presented in "Fighting the Afghans in the 19th Century," Afghan leaders acquired ready cash from:
A)systematic plundering of neighboring lands during military raids.
B)bribes from the British to stay out of India.
C)the opium trade.
D)oppressive taxes on their subjects.
21
As noted in "Fighting the Afghans in the 19th Century," the British invaded Afghanistan in late 1838 with the aid of the Sikh ruler of the Punjab, Ranjit Singh.
A)True
B)False
22
As concluded in "New Light on the 'Heart of Darkness,'" Conrad's novel:
A)reflected both a truth and a horror at the core of Empire.
B)had little effect in promoting humanitarianism.
C)is no longer considered relevant.
D)was seen as fantasy without basis in fact when it was published.
23
As maintained in "New Light on the 'Heart of Darkness,'" the novel is set in:
A)South Africa.
B)Madagascar..
C)the Congo Free State, also known as the Belgian Congo.
D)Kenya.
24
As recounted in "New Light on the 'Heart of Darkness,'" retired British diplomat Sir Roger Casement was executed by the British for supporting the Irish rebellion of 1916.
A)True
B)False
25
As discussed in "The World, the Flesh and the Devil," the Malleus Maleficarum, a book often linked with the witch hunts of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, was written by the Dominican monk:
A)Martin Luther.
B)Heinrich Kramer.
C)Tomas de Torquemada.
D)Theodoric von Freiberg.
26
As pointed out in "The World, the Flesh and the Devil," the area with the most witch hunts and killing of witches was:
A)Germany.
B)France.
C)Spain.
D)Italy.
27
The author of "The World, the Flesh and the Devil" confirms Dan Brown's claim in The Da Vinci Code that the Church burned at the stake 5 million women as witches.
A)True
B)False
28
According to "The Luther Legacy," Jakob Burckhandt correctly identified the Reformation as:
A)a sowing of the seeds of doubt.
B)the renunciation of reason.
C)an escape from discipline.
D)the confirmation of nonconformity.
29
As reported in "The Luther Legacy," the freeing revelation to Martin Luther was in the Bible verse that says:
A)as you sow, so shall you reap.
B)render unto Caesar what is Caesar's.
C)by their works you will know them.
D)the just man will live by faith.
30
As stated in "The Luther Legacy," Martin Luther had an abhorrence of anarchy.
A)True
B)False
31
As depicted in "Elizabeth I," Elizabeth's image as a Virgin Queen encompassed references not only to the Virgin Mary, but also to various goddesses, including:
A)Athena, Hera, and Nemesis.
B)Diana, Phoebe, and Cynthia.
C)Hestia, Nyx, and Gaia.
D)Psyche, Circe, and Cybele.
32
As noted in "Elizabeth I," the Scottish Calvinist preacher John Knox wrote against female monarchy in The First Blast of the Trumpet Against the Monstrous Regiment of Women, a work specifically contesting the right to be queen of the Catholic:
A)Elizabeth I.
B)Mary I.
C)Eleanor of Aquitaine.
D)Empress Matilda.
33
As theorized in "Elizabeth I," declining respect for the aging Queen Elizabeth was demonstrated by the many sexual scandals that disrupted the court in the 1590s.
A)True
B)False
34
As quoted in "The Return of Catherine the Great," in the equivalent of a political manifesto, Instruction of 1766, Catherine declared that Russia is a:
A)democracy in the making.
B)law unto itself.
C)European power.
D)single country made up of many separate states.
35
As mentioned in "The Return of Catherine the Great," the Russian Empress Catherine was originally from:
A)France.
B)Austria.
C)England.
D)Germany.
36
As noted in "The Return of Catherine the Great," Catherine, like other European royals, refused the smallpox inoculation on religious grounds.
A)True
B)False
37
As related in "From Mercantilism to `The Wealth of Nations'," a hallmark of mercantilism was the:
A)emergence of a global trade network.
B)appearance of merchants.
C)practice of imperial rivalry among European powers over global trade.
D)study of economics.
38
According to "From Mercantilism to `The Wealth of Nations'," the epitome of the Age of Discovery was the emergence of:
A)small merchants.
B)a landed aristocracy.
C)a global trade network.
D)the study of economics.
39
According to "From Mercantilism to `The Wealth of Nations'," in Western Europe in the period 1500-1750, by far most of the income of the working poor was spent on food.
A)True
B)False
40
As revealed in "A Woman Writ Large in Our History and Hearts," George Sand wished to pave the way for future generations of women to:
A)make marriage more of a business arrangement between families.
B)avoid marriage altogether.
C)give up the romantic ideal of the "embrace of twin souls."
D)live more honestly and more independently.
41
As presented in "A Disquieting Sense of Deja Vu," one of the most neglected periods of modern French history is the:
A)French Revolution.
B)reign of Napoleon Bonaparte.
C)Terror of 1793–94.
D)time of France's first constitutional republic.
42
As defined in "A Disquieting Sense of Deja Vu," the Directory was a five-man executive in France that attempted to:
A)institute a liberal democratic constitution.
B)establish a security state.
C)instigate a revolution against a terrorist government.
D)bring Napoleon Bonaparte to power.
43
As noted in "A Disquieting Sense of Deja Vu," under the Directory, police and judicial procedures were intended to embody the modern concept of due process.
A)True
B)False
44
As profiled in "The Paris Commune," the name "Paris Commune" taken by the Parisian revolutionaries signified:
A)communism.
B)conservatism.
C)grass-roots democracy.
D)nationalism.
45
As presented in "The Paris Commune," the Commune's only clear ideological split was over whether or not to:
A)expand beyond the city of Paris.
B)give emergency dictatorial powers to a five-man committee.
C)destroy particular symbolic buildings and artifacts.
D)seize private businesses and financial institutions.
46
As noted in "The Paris Commune," the majority of Commune members were unskilled laborers who were angry about the treatment of the lower class in Paris.
A)True
B)False
47
According to "In God's Place," the most important thing about Isaac Newton's work Principia was:
A)his law of gravity.
B)his theories about force and inertia.
C)the universality and unbounded application of the law of gravity.
D)its introspection.
48
As noted in "In God's Place," the philosopher associated with the phrase "I think, therefore I am" is:
A)Isaac Newton.
B)St. Thomas Aquinas.
C)Rene Descartes.
D)Mary Shelley.
49
As explained in "In God's Place," Descartes' space "vortices" theory finally was proven to be workable.
A)True
B)False
50
According to "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," John Locke is more popular in the United States than in his own country due to his:
A)role in the American Revolution.
B)political arguments.
C)successful quest for international fame.
D)loyalty to government party lines.
51
As claimed in "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," one group that disagreed with Locke's writings was the:
A)U.S. founders.
B)National Rifle Association.
C)Tory feminists.
D)British Whigs.
52
As noted in "John Locke: Icon of Liberty," in eighteenth-century England, Locke was revered as a philosopher more than as a political thinker.
A)True
B)False
53
According to "The Workshop of a New Society," all of the following factors served Britain well in the Industrial Revolution except:
A)easy access to the sea.
B)unusual political turbulence.
C)light regulation of trade.
D)a highly specialized workforce.
54
As noted in "The Workshop of a New Society," the aspect of factory life that was universally hated by the Industrial Revolution workforce in Britain was its:
A)regulation.
B)strenuous work.
C)lack of regular hours.
D)abundance of work breaks.
55
As explained in "The Workshop of a New Society," the Industrial Revolution actually had little impact on British society.
A)True
B)False
56
As discussed in "Slavery and the British," slave owners learned that they secured the best returns on their human capital by:
A)unrelenting pressure.
B)violence.
C)allowing free time.
D)discouraging religious conversion.
57
As noted in "Slavery and the British," the crop that changed everything concerning British slavery in the Caribbean was:
A)potatoes.
B)sugar.
C)rice.
D)tea.
58
As pointed out in "Slavery and the British," Europeans were turning their backs on bondage in their own continent at the same time they were creating and perfecting African slavery in the Atlantic economy.
A)True
B)False
59
As suggested in "Samurai, Shoguns & The Age of Steam," the Japanese fear of the outside world prior to the mid-1800s was evidenced by the fact that they:
A)attacked any foreign ships that approached their borders.
B)refused trading licenses even to the Chinese.
C)executed most of their own sailors who returned from foreign lands.
D)battled with Commodore Matthew Perry and the U.S. Navy, who had approached them in friendship.
60
As noted in "Samurai, Shoguns & The Age of Steam," one of the goals of Japanese involvement with modern Western technology was to:
A)stand up to the West after using the technology they had learned from it.
B)join with the West to establish a lucrative trading system.
C)use new technology against the Chinese.
D)sabotage the railway system that foreigners forced them to build.
61
As mentioned in "Samurai, Shoguns & The Age of Steam," the demise of the first accepted Japanese railway project turned out to be positive for the Japanese.
A)True
B)False
62
According to "No Marx without Engels," Karl Marx was able to gain his unique appreciation of the functioning of capitalism thanks to his:
A)time spent working on factory floors as a youth.
B)regular employment in upper management for a large factory.
C)exposure to Friedrich Engels' first-hand factory experiences.
D)business partnership with Engels in which the two purchased and ran a yarn factory.
63
As profiled in "No Marx without Engels," Friedrich Engels' early exposure to his father's factory and the various workers there allowed him to recognize that:
A)there were no class distinctions in the workplace.
B)factory workers suffered from egregious working conditions.
C)capitalism was the most effective economic structure.
D)factory workers were generally responsible for their own demoralization.
64
As claimed in "No Marx without Engels," due to the values developed early in life, Engels refused to take his rightful place in his family's business.
A)True
B)False
65
As identified in "Sputnik + Fifty," the word "Sputnik" means:
A)sky journey.
B)traveling companion.
C)triumph over all.
D)satellite.
66
As noted in "Sputnik + Fifty," the Russians built Sputnik in just a month without:
A)a factory.
B)a guidance system.
C)blueprints.
D)funds from taxes.
67
As set forth in "Sputnik + Fifty," the first person to orbit Earth in space was John Glenn.
A)True
B)False
68
As reported in "From Boer War to Timor," the Portuguese colony of East Timor was invaded in 1975 by:
A)India.
B)China.
C)Indonesia.
D)North Korea.
69
According to the author of "From Boer War to Timor," the most common form of fighting now is:
A)guerrilla warfare.
B)pitched battles.
C)missiles and bombing.
D)economic sanctions.
70
As mentioned in "From Boer War to Timor," during the Vietnam War, more U.S. ambassadors were killed worldwide than generals in Vietnam.
A)True
B)False
71
As postulated in "Two Cheers for Versailles," the recognition of nation-states at Versailles was accompanied by its inescapable shadow, the problem of:
A)rearmament.
B)geography.
C)economic parity.
D)minorities.
72
As noted in "Two Cheers for Versailles," the Great Powers gathered to form the Versailles Treaty ignored the implications for Eastern Europe of the almost simultaneous collapse of:
A)Poland and Austria.
B)France and Italy.
C)Germany and Russia.
D)Spain and Portugal.
73
As given in "Two Cheers for Versailles," the United States is leading the charge for the creation of an International Criminal Court.
A)True
B)False
74
As related in "One Family's Tryst with Destiny," the child groomed by his father to be the greatest man in the world was:
A)Mohandas Gandhi.
B)Jawaharlal Nehru.
C)Sanjay Gandhi.
D)Lal Bahadur Shastri.
75
According to "One Family's Tryst with Destiny," in 1920, Motilal Nehru backed Mahatma Gandhi's call for withdrawal from British-run courts and elections, and the boycott of official functions and foreign goods, because he:
A)knew that his son Jawaharlal would side with Gandhi.
B)experienced a religious epiphany about the plight of India's poor.
C)was following the Congress Party's policy.
D)had long resented the British rule of India.
76
As reported in "One Family's Tryst with Destiny," Sanjay Gandhi, Indira's son, alienated many by a brutal policy of forced sterilizations to achieve lower population growth.
A)True
B)False
77
As presented in "The Roots of Chinese Xenophobia," the Chinese considered guo chi, or national humiliations, to have been caused by:
A)Chinese rebels.
B)religious leaders.
C)foreign powers.
D)domestic economic forces.
78
As explained in "The Roots of Chinese Xenophobia," the event that culminated in a paradigm shift in U.S. policy was the:
A)first Gulf War.
B)Japanese sneak attack on Pearl Harbor
C)Civil War.
D)Vietnam War.
79
According to "The Roots of Chinese Xenophobia," the defeat of the Boxers helped fuel the flames of nationalism in China.
A)True
B)False
80
As claimed in "Exposing the Rape of Nanking," the Rape of Nanking did not penetrate world consciousness in the same manner as the Jewish Holocaust or Hiroshima because:
A)no one believed the victims when they spoke up, and the matter was quickly forgotten.
B)the media were not aware of what had happened.
C)the atrocities committed by the Japanese only affected soldiers, not civilians.
D)the victims remained silent, and politics ensured that the silence continued.
81
In taking the city of Nanking, according to "Exposing the Rape of Nanking," the Japanese relied heavily on:
A)superior manpower.
B)deception.
C)Nazi assistance.
D)blocking supply lines into the city.
82
Before the Japanese reached Nanking, as stated in "Exposing the Rape of Nanking," they had to fight a long, drawn-out battle for control of Shanghai.
A)True
B)False
83
As discussed in "Judgment at Nuremberg," the Nuremberg trials of Nazi war criminals:
A)were a means of vengeance against the Nazis.
B)imposed collective guilt on the Germans.
C)invoked the rule of law to punish the atrocities of war.
D)ensured that all Nazi war crimes were punished.
84
According to "Judgment at Nuremberg," the only Nazi defendant who blamed neither others nor himself for the horrific facts presented in the Nuremberg trials was:
A)Rudolf Hoss.
B)Hermann Goring.
C)Hans Frank.
D)Wilhelm Keitel.
85
As noted in "Judgment at Nuremberg," collective guilt is the fuel of human barbarism.
A)True
B)False
86
As presented in "Starting the Cold War," the cold war can be seen as a:
A)standoff between global powers that resulted in World War II.
B)global power struggle between communism and liberal democratic capitalism.
C)minor disagreement between allies that has been blown out of proportion by historians.
D)protracted military battle between the United States and the Soviet Union.
87
According to "Starting the Cold War," the current consensus about the origins of the cold war, which can now be validated, is that:
A)the cold war was the result of American foreign policy.
B)Britain, France, and West Germany were influential in the setting the stage for the cold war.
C)the Soviet Union provoked the cold war with its foreign-policy actions.
D)no one wanted or was solely responsible for the cold war.
88
As noted in "Starting the Cold War," prior to the start of the cold war, a period of cooperation existed between the Soviet Union and the West.
A)True
B)False
89
According to "A Case of Courage," the dilemma for President Harry Truman in May of 1948 was whether or not to:
A)send troops to Palestine to force the creation of a Jewish state.
B)give U.S. permission for Jews to establish a state in Palestine.
C)recognize a new Jewish nation that the United Nations was helping to establish.
D)help Arab nations defend their territory in Palestine.
90
As claimed in "A Case of Courage," one problem that Truman had to rise above in his decision about a divided Palestine was his:
A)own anti-Semitism.
B)prejudice against Arabs.
C)militant pro-Zionist views.
D)concerns about the impact of his decision on his marriage.
91
As noted in "A Case of Courage," Truman's own dislike of arrogance and power colored his feelings toward U.S. Zionists.
A)True
B)False
92
As reported in "The Plan and the Man," the 1948 event that finally pushed Congress into passing the Marshall Plan was:
A)the Soviet blockade of Berlin.
B)Moscow cracking down on Czechoslovakia.
C)the launch of _Sputnik_, the first Soviet satellite.
D)a victory for the communists in Italy.
93
Of the following, as noted in "The Plan and the Man," the group of people that was the most supportive of the Marshall Plan was:
A)Democrats in Congress.
B)Republicans in Congress.
C)Wall Street bankers and diplomats with close ties to Europe.
D)Midwestern farmers.
94
As revealed in "The Plan and the Man," European leaders were electrified when they first heard of the Marshall Plan.
A)True
B)False
95
As noted in "Korea: Echoes of a War," U.S. president Harry Truman and his advisers interpreted the North Korean invasion on June 25, 1950, as a direct challenge to the United States by:
A)Soviet dictator Joseph Stalin.
B)North Korean president Kim Il Sung.
C)Japanese emperor Hirohito.
D)United Nations forces.
96
As shown in "Korea: Echoes of a War," the main issue of the Korean War was:
A)fighting the spread of communism.
B)how to restore unity to an ancient nation divided as a result of World War II.
C)how to protect free trade.
D)objection to the Soviet influence in North Korea.
97
As discussed in "Korea: Echoes of a War," Task Force Smith was a complete failure.
A)True
B)False
98
As pointed out in "Mao Zedong," Mao's Second Five-Year Plan resulted in:
A)huge manufacturing gains.
B)rebellion against Mao's leadership.
C)perceived weakness that led to an attack on China by the Japanese.
D)widespread famine.
99
As quoted in "Mao Zedong," one of Mao's sayings was that all power grows out of:
A)the will of the people.
B)the barrel of a gun.
C)money.
D)the heart of the leader.
100
As revealed in "Mao Zedong," after the 1911 revolution, China was mostly ruled by various warlords who were ruthless in their treatment of the people.
A)True
B)False
101
As described in "Iraq's Unruly Century," in the 1920s, Iraq's new king found that his subjects were divided by all of the following except:
A)religion.
B)education.
C)geography.
D)ethnicity.
102
The British and King Faisal, as related in "Iraq's Unruly Century," favored the Sunni Muslims over Iraq's other groups because the Sunnis were:
A)more pro-Western.
B)wealthier.
C)more numerous.
D)more pious.
103
As presented in "Iraq's Unruly Century," during the 1920 uprising against British rule, the British overreacted.
A)True
B)False
104
As claimed in "Remembering the War—Japanese Style," the major impediment for Japan in forging closer ties with Asia is its:
A)history of ruthlessness and brutality in wartime.
B)occupation of certain Asian territories.
C)particular slant on World War II memories.
D)actions during World War II.
105
As described in "Remembering the War—Japanese Style," Prime Minister Koizumi's apology at the Asian-African summit in Jakarta for war crimes during World War II was:
A)the first such apology ever issued by Japan.
B)seen as insincere and hollow.
C)praised as heartfelt and genuine.
D)coerced from him by other attendees at the summit.
106
As stated in "Remembering the War—Japanese Style," the demise of the Tanaka faction in Japan was the catalyst for Japan's new focus on Asian diplomacy.
A)True
B)False
107
According to "Coming to Terms with the Past: Former Yugoslavia," an important factor in the breakup of Yugoslavia that has not been fully recognized is the:
A)role played by Slobodan Milosevic.
B)conflicting Serb and Croat interpretations of their common history.
C)role played by Stjepan Mesic.
D)founding of the Croatian Democratic Union.
108
As profiled in "Coming to Terms with the Past: Former Yugoslavia," former Yugoslavs attempting to come to terms with the country's final disintegration might find an example in:
A)World War II and its aftermath in Yugoslavia.
B)the philosophies of the Illyrians.
C)the trial of Milosevic at the International Criminal Tribunal at The Hague.
D)the nineteenth-century anti-Ottoman uprisings.
109
As claimed in "Coming to Terms with the Past: Former Yugoslavia," after Yugoslavia was invaded and partitioned by the Axis powers in 1941, the two resistance movements that emerged shared a common goal of restoring the country.
A)True
B)False
110
As discussed in "Coming to Terms with the Past," the genocide in Cambodia in the 1970s was carried out by the:
A)Vietnamese.
B)Khmer Rouge.
C)French.
D)PRK.
111
As stated in "Coming to Terms with the Past," in 1996, 100,000 pages of secret documents revealing the role of leaders in the mass killings were uncovered and published on the internet by the Cambodian Genocide Program at:
A)Yale University.
B)Cambridge University.
C)Phnom Penh University.
D)Beijing University.
112
As revealed in "Coming to Terms with the Past," the Khmer king, Ang Snguon, gave orders in the eighteenth century to massacre all the Vietnamese who could be found in Cambodia.
A)True
B)False
113
According to "The Weather Turns Wild," of the following, the country that is likely to be hardest hit by the effects of global warming is:
A)Bangladesh.
B)the United States.
C)Australia.
D)Venezuela.
114
As brought out in "The Weather Turns Wild," human society:
A)will actually benefit tremendously from global warming.
B)will be drastically affected by global warming.
C)is likely to become more peaceable and cooperative as a result of global warming.
D)will not be changed by global warming.
115
As explained in "The Weather Turns Wild," concern about greenhouse gases is a new phenomenon.
A)True
B)False
116
As explained in "10 Million Orphans," most of the AIDS orphans are in:
A)Southeast Asia.
B)Latin America.
C)sub-Saharan Africa.
D)North America.
117
According to "10 Million Orphans," if AIDS orphans are taken in, it is usually by:
A)agencies of the Salvation Army.
B)agencies of the United Nations.
C)their extended families.
D)local, independently financed orphanages.
118
According to "10 Million Orphans," AIDS orphans are at far greater risk of malnutrition compared with children with parents.
A)True
B)False
119
As noted in "In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century," the most pressing issue raised by the genocide in Rwanda is that of:
A)ethnic relations.
B)human nature.
C)religious beliefs.
D)governmental responsibility.
120
According to "In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century," the Rwandan genocide cannot be impersonalized because the killings were committed:
A)in gas chambers similar to those of Nazi Germany.
B)by American military personnel stationed in Rwanda.
C)face-to-face by ordinary people.
D)by anti-Christian religious factions.
121
As claimed in "In God's Name: Genocide and Religion in the Twentieth Century," there is no evidence that the genocide in Rwanda could have been prevented.
A)True
B)False
122
As suggested in "Women, Citizens, Muslims," the best way for women to ensure their rights in Afghanistan may be for women to be educated in:
A)democratic traditions.
B)Islamic law.
C)Western universities.
D)history.
123
As noted in "Women, Citizens, Muslims," some men argue that women are not citizens and entitled to equality because Afghan women are:
A)not specifically mentioned in the constitution.
B)considered as less than men in the Koran.
C)the property of their fathers, brothers, or husbands.
D)not issued the identification cards given to men.
124
As postulated in "Women, Citizens, Muslims," simply removing a dictatorial regime and installing a democracy does not automatically guarantee women's rights.
A)True
B)False
125
As reported in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," the U.S. government's primary concern after the terrorist attacks of September 11, 2001, was that:
A)al-Qaeda was capable of far more serious attacks than was originally thought.
B)a major war would break out on U.S. soil.
C)al-Qaeda could establish a powerful hold over Muslims throughout the world.
D)Muslim-Americans were aligned with al-Qaeda and would be a danger to U.S. citizens.
126
As noted in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," currently, in most Muslim nations:
A)al-Qaeda retains a powerful influence and control.
B)modern, secular forces are in control and extremists have been isolated.
C)democracy and political liberalism are flourishing.
D)anti-Western sentiments threaten the stability of the Middle East.
127
As claimed in "The Jihad against the Jihadis," polls in the Muslim world shortly after the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks revealed a surprising degree of support for Osama bin Laden.
A)True
B)False
128
As suggested in "The Next Asian Miracle," recent economic growth has, contrary to some expectations, occurred in the world's largest democracy, the country of:
A)China.
B)Indonesia.
C)India.
D)Japan.
129
As stated in "The Next Asian Miracle," even today, the largest obstacle to India's developmental prospects is the:
A)low level of human capital.
B)lack of a sophisticated banking system.
C)focus on technology to the exclusion of other industries.
D)competition from other Asian countries with lower labor costs.
130
As pointed out in "The Next Asian Miracle," in the 1990s, China accelerated the pace of the reforms it had instituted in the 1980s.
A)True
B)False
131
As claimed in "Bad Guys Matter," in many African countries on the Failed States Index, the most common form of autocracy reflects:
A)benign neglect of the economy.
B)a strong economic focus.
C)active avoidance of strengthening the economy.
D)haphazard attempts at economic development.
132
As presented in "Bad Guys Matter," a kleptocrat is a leader who is at the extreme of:
A)greed.
B)insensitivity to the pain of others.
C)preference for getting his own way.
D)disinterest in political machinations.
133
As indicated in "Bad Guys Matter," most bad political leaders can eventually be voted out of office due to term limits.
A)True
B)False
134
As asserted in "A User's Guide to the Century," modern economic growth is two centuries old, and the first hundred years were characterized by:
A)economic divergence.
B)energy consumption.
C)unfettered growth.
D)innovative thinking.
135
As defined in "A User's Guide to the Century," the geological epoch dubbed Anthropocene is characterized by:
A)advancing ice masses leading to a new ice age.
B)increased geologic activity such as earthquakes and erupting volcanoes.
C)human activity that dominates or deranges the Earth's major biogeophysical fluxes.
D)rapidly increasing formation of biofuels under the Earth's crust.
136
As suggested in "A User's Guide to the Century," the unprecedented level of global human output has been achieved by an unprecedented appropriation of the Earth's natural resources.
A)True
B)False





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