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1
As set forth in "The Future of the Liberal World Order," if the architects of the postwar liberal order were alive to see today's system, they would think that their vision had:
A)gone terribly awry.
B)succeeded beyond their wildest dreams.
C)been achieved to their precise expectations.
D)yet to be fully realized.
2
As noted in "The Future of the Liberal World Order," in 1815, post-Napoleonic France "was returned to the great-power club" through the settlement at:
A)Potsdam.
B)Vienna.
C)Paris.
D)Versailles.
3
As evaluated in "The Future of the Liberal World Order," it is not simply an American-led order or a Western system that China and the other emerging powers must face.
A)True
B)False
4
As enumerated in "NATO after Libya: The Atlantic Alliance in Austere Times," NATO allies should concentrate on taking fresh steps on three fronts, including all of the following, except:
A)strengthening European defense.
B)enhancing the transatlantic relationship.
C)engaging with emerging powers on common challenges.
D)rewriting damaging inaccuracies in history.
5
As maintained in "NATO after Libya: The Atlantic Alliance in Austere Times," many observers, including some in government circles on both sides of the Atlantic, argue that the biggest security challenge facing the West is:
A)the laxity of border vigilance.
B)bioterrorism.
C)the ascendance of conservative leadership.
D)rising debt levels in Europe and the United States.
6
As noted in "NATO after Libya: The Atlantic Alliance in Austere Times," the global order enjoys more stakeholders than ever before and yet it has very few guarantors.
A)True
B)False
7
As set forth in "Sino-Indian Relations: A Troubled History, an Uncertain Future," the Indian prime minister on whom historians place particular blame for underestimating China's willingness to use force when India implemented an assertive "Forward Policy" with border posts was:
A)Jawaharlal Nehru.
B)Indira Gandhi.
C)Charan Singh.
D)Sharad Pawar.
8
As pointed out in "Sino-Indian Relations: A Troubled History, an Uncertain Future," during the 1970s, Beijing deepened its ties to the United States and began supplying military and nuclear technology to:
A)India.
B)Iran.
C)Israel.
D)Pakistan.
9
As noted in "Sino-Indian Relations: A Troubled History, an Uncertain Future," in 1958, China discovered that Indian workers had built a strategically placed road through territory claimed by both sides along India's northwestern border with China.
A)True
B)False
10
As identified in "Hegemony with Chinese Characteristics," the established great powers, which are the architects, principal beneficiaries, and main defenders of any existing international system, are referred to as the so-called:
A)status-quo states.
B)post-emergent states.
C)hegemon states.
D)vigorous states.
11
As cited in "Hegemony with Chinese Characteristics," relations between democracies and non-democracies are always conducted in what political theorist Michael Doyle describes as an "atmosphere of:
A)neutrality."
B)suspicion."
C)expectation."
D)debate."
12
As noted in "Hegemony with Chinese Characteristics," periods of transition, when a new, ascending power begins to overtake the previously dominant state, have often been marked by an end to war.
A)True
B)False
13
As pointed out in "Welcome to the Post-Western World," globalization has revived geopolitical-security competition for the natural resources needed to feed rapidly growing emerging economies, especially:
A)New Zealand and China.
B)India and Pakistan.
C)Pakistan and Vietnam.
D)China and India.
14
As suggested in "Welcome to the Post-Western World," if the United States is to have "a special relationship" in the future, it will most likely be with:
A)France.
B)the United Kingdom.
C)Japan.
D)Australia.
15
According to "Welcome to the Post-Western World," the world is on the threshold of a return to national rivalries on the scale that Europe witnessed before World War II.
A)True
B)False
16
At the core of the emerging economies that constitute the BRICs and others, as reported in "Can the BRICs Become a Bloc?", are:
A)sophisticated civil societies.
B)multinational corporations.
C)ambitious populaces.
D)strong militaries.
17
The 'Outreach Five,' as explained in "Can the BRICs Become a Bloc?", include the BRICs, South Africa, and:
A)Chile.
B)South Korea.
C)Mexico.
D)Egypt.
18
According to "Can the BRICs Become a Bloc?", it is expected to take at least another 50 years before the South will account for at least 50 percent of global GDP.
A)True
B)False
19
As reported in "The Fall of the Pharaoh: How Hosni Mubarak's Reign Came to an End," for the 18 days from January 25 to February 11, 2011, when Mubarak finally stepped down, millions of Egyptians demonstrated in the streets, chanting, "isqat alnizam," which translates to:
A)"my country."
B)"Allah is with us."
C)"never give up."
D)"the fall of the regime."
20
According to "The Fall of the Pharaoh: How Hosni Mubarak's Reign Came to an End," Egypt's first independent trade union since 1959 (the year that all such unions were brought under the control of the state) was established in 2008 by:
A)property-tax collectors.
B)gold merchants.
C)cotton growers.
D)pharmaceutical chemists.
21
As noted in "The Fall of the Pharaoh: How Hosni Mubarak's Reign Came to an End," as of this writing, the High Council of the Armed Forces rules Egypt.
A)True
B)False
22
As pointed out in "The Rise of the Islamists," the first time the Muslim Brotherhood held executive power anywhere in the world was in the early 1990s in:
A)Egypt.
B)Lebanon.
C)Syria.
D)Jordan.
23
As observed in "The Rise of the Islamists," today's Egyptian and Libyan Muslim Brotherhoods and Tunisia's al Nahda view Hamas as a:
A)philosophical failure.
B)legitimate force of resistance.
C)terrorist group.
D)fading faction.
24
As set forth in "The Rise of the Islamists," Islamist groups did not create the anti-Israel sentiment that exists in Arab societies.
A)True
B)False
25
According to "Arab Autocrats May Be Tottering, but the World's Tyrants Aren't All Quaking in Their Steel-Toed Boots," Soviet leader Nikita Khrushchev's famous 1956 "secret speech" was the posthumous critique of Stalin that gave us the term:
A)mass media.
B)Great Purge.
C)personality cult.
D)closed session.
26
As cited in "Arab Autocrats May Be Tottering, but the World's Tyrants Aren't All Quaking in Their Steel-Toed Boots," the authoritarian system that ruled Mexico for 70 years is what Peruvian novelist and Nobel Prize winner Mario Vargas Llosa once called the:
A)perfect dictatorship.
B)jewel of oppression.
C)dirtiest American secret.
D)lassitude of Latin America.
27
As remarked in "Arab Autocrats May Be Tottering, but the World's Tyrants Aren't All Quaking in Their Steel-Toed Boots," the communist regimes of the twentieth century relied on mass-membership political parties to maintain discipline, as did some non-communist autocracies.
A)True
B)False
28
As related in "After Gaddafi?," as a young man, Gaddafi wanted to institute a political system run directly by tribesmen without the intermediation of state institutions, a system he called the:
A)Loya Jirga.
B)Jamahiriya.
C)Alsafwa.
D)Alajnihah.
29
As mentioned in "After Gaddafi," the set of slim volumes published in the mid-1970s that contain Gaddafi's political philosophy—a blueprint for a dramatic restructuring of Libya's economy, politics, and society—are known collectively as the:
A)Green Book.
B)Book of Muammar.
C)Maghreb Manuals.
D)Tenets of Tripolitania.
30
As reported in "After Gaddafi," Libya announced its intent to renounce weapons of mass destruction in December 2003, after a long process of behind-the-scenes diplomacy initially spearheaded by the United States.
A)True
B)False
31
As profiled in "Danger: Falling Tyrants," the Librairie al Kitab is a crowded bookstore on Avenue Habib Bourguiba, the main boulevard of:
A)Tunis, Tunisia.
B)Algiers, Algeria.
C)Tripoli, Libya.
D)Rabat, Morocco.
32
As related in "Danger: Falling Tyrants," the author had one time visited a bookstore in Damascus, where he could not find a single biography of Syrian:
A)hereditary dictator Bashar al-Assad.
B)defense minister Ali Habib Mahmud.
C)novelist Colette Khoury.
D)Olympic gold medalist Ghada Shouaa.
33
As noted in "Danger: Falling Tyrants," the main Tunisian Islamist party, Ennahda, was recently banned after existing legally for more than 20 years.
A)True
B)False
34
As stated in "Bangladesh's Quest for Political Justice," the government of Bangladesh as now led by the Awami League is known as the:
A)People's Parliament.
B)New Order.
C)Grand Alliance.
D)Great Revision.
35
As reported in "Bangladesh's Quest for Political Justice," by 2006, the exploits of the BNP-Jamaat alliance had pushed a fairly moderate Muslim democracy toward a violent, unpredictable, fractured political order—or what some observers called:
A)the Bangladesh Storm.
B)Pakistanization.
C)the New Axis.
D)Jamaatian Chaos.
36
According to "Bangladesh's Quest for Political Justice," in the first half of the 2009–2010 fiscal year, spending in seven of Bangladesh's ten largest ministries was far behind budgetary allocations.
A)True
B)False
37
According to "The Great Democracy Meltdown," for the first time in history, more than half the world's people lived under democratic systems in the year:
A)1952
B)1998
C)2005
D)2011
38
As identified in "The Great Democracy Meltdown," the Indian defense minister (1998–2004) who, known to be a prominent human rights advocate, gave Burmese exiles shelter in his own family compound is:
A)Sharad Yadav.
B)Nitish Kumar.
C)D. N. Singh.
D)George Fernandes.
39
As stated in "The Great Democracy Meltdown," in Kyrgyzstan, Kurmanbek Bakiyev, who led the 2005 Tulip Revolution, soon proved himself nearly as authoritarian as his predecessor.
A)True
B)False
40
As listed in "Failed States: The 2011 Index," the three African states that again top the year's Failed States Index include all of the following, except:
A)Somalia.
B)Angola.
C)Chad.
D)Sudan.
41
As noted in "Failed States: The 2011 Index," after a fraud-marred first round, a presidential runoff election in Haiti in March 2011 brought to power an untested stage performer nicknamed:
A)Sweet Micky.
B)Lucky Pierre.
C)Baby Duck.
D)Little Bobby.
42
As cited in "Failed States: The 2011 Index," Afghanistan and Iraq both moved up in ranks in the 2011 Failed States Index, suggesting worsening conditions for the two war-torn countries.
A)True
B)False
43
As asserted in "Does Obama Have a Grand Strategy?", the true reserve currency in international affairs is:
A)strategy.
B)stability.
C)power.
D)the U.S. dollar.
44
As quoted in "Does Obama Have a Grand Strategy?", political scientist John Mearsheimer has concluded that the "root cause of America's troubles is that it adopted a flawed grand strategy after the:
A)Cold War."
B)inauguration of Barack Obama."
C)Vietnam War."
D)execution of Saddam Hussein."
45
As observed in "Does Obama Have a Grand Strategy?", grand strategies are not nearly as important as grand strategists like to think, because countries tend to be judged by their actions, not their words.
A)True
B)False
46
As cited in "Samantha and Her Subjects," Irving Kristol (in an essay published in The National Interest) contended that human rights had become:
A)the badge of the modern progressive.
B)a forgotten history lesson.
C)a kind of unquestioned ideology.
D)politically unfashionable.
47
As presented in "Samantha and Her Subjects," the author quotes from an 1854 "great speech to Parliament against squandering power in foolish adventures abroad," as delivered by liberal British statesman:
A)William Gladstone.
B)John Bright.
C)Charles Wood.
D)Benjamin Disraeli.
48
According to "Samantha and Her Subjects," Samantha Power, like many liberal hawks, was a proponent of the Iraq War.
A)True
B)False
49
As quoted in "Change in the Middle East: Its Implications for US Policy," the observation that "for 60 years the United States pursued stability at the expense of democracy in the Middle East—and we achieved neither" was made in 2005 by:
A)Secretary of State Condoleezza Rice.
B)Vice President Dick Cheney.
C)President George W. Bush.
D)Bush's predecessor, Bill Clinton.
50
As set forth in "Change in the Middle East: Its Implications for US Policy," Israel worries about its foes in the region being emboldened by the:
A)weakened U.S. position in the Middle East.
B)fall of Egypt's Hosni Mubarak.
C)recent addition of member states to the United Nations.
D)suppression of the Arab Spring.
51
As assessed in "Change in the Middle East: Its Implications for US Policy," when the Soviet Union collapsed, the overarching Cold War objective vanished, and the U.S. approach to the region quickly changed.
A)True
B)False
52
As established in "After Osama bin Laden: They Got Him," the Algerian-based terrorist organization GSPC was brought under the al-Qaeda umbrella, in a "blessed union," thanks in great part to:
A)Abu Musab al-Zarqawi.
B)Haji Bashir Khan.
C)Asif Ali Zardari.
D)Ashfaq Kayani.
53
As identified in "After Osama bin Laden: They Got Him," the initials "GSPC" stand for (in English):
A)Partners in War, Faithful in Death.
B)Brothers United Against the Foe.
C)Soldiers and Citizens for Righteous Pursuit.
D)Salafist Group for Preaching and Combat.
54
According to "After Osama bin Laden: They Got Him," aside from a few odes to martyrdom posted on obscure jihadist websites and sniffy complaints that Osama bin Laden's burial at sea offended Muslim tradition, scarcely a tear was shed for the al-Qaeda leader.
A)True
B)False
55
As identified in "Iraq, from Surge to Sovereignty: Winding Down the War in Iraq," when Gen. Raymond Odierno was top commander of the Multi-National Force–Iraq, the author (Emma Sky) served as Odierno's:
A)liaison to the president.
B)private secretary.
C)image consultant.
D)chief political adviser.
56
As mentioned in "Iraq, from Surge to Sovereignty: Winding Down the War in Iraq," in September 2008, in the northern Iraqi region of Diyala, tensions arose between Arabs and:
A)Kurds.
B)Yezidis.
C)Shabaks.
D)Christians.
57
As maintained in "Iraq, from Surge to Sovereignty: Winding Down the War in Iraq," the development of strong individual and institutional relationships between U.S. and Iraqi troops will likely continue as the two countries work to establish a long-term relationship.
A)True
B)False
58
As argued in "Will America Lose Afghanistan—Again?", U.S. military progress in Afghanistan will have been squandered unless the combat troops currently on the ground remain in place at least:
A)through 2012.
B)at half strength.
C)until the next Afghan elections.
D)through Ramadan in 2013.
59
As noted in "Will America Lose Afghanistan—Again?", the second decisive event of the war in Afghanistan was the:
A)fall of Kabul.
B)occupation of Kandahar.
C)Battle of Tora Bora.
D)liberation of Herat.
60
As asserted in "Will America Lose Afghanistan—Again?", despite claims to the contrary, the U.S. military is not unique in its ability to project power quickly anywhere in the world.
A)True
B)False
61
According to "Sudan on the Cusp," throughout Sudan's history, as well as today, the most powerful group in the country has been the
A)British.
B)Arab Muslims.
C)Ottomans.
D)non-Arab, non-Muslims.
62
As described in "Sudan on the Cusp," one underlying cause for the north-south Sudanese civil war was the
A)presence of the British in Sudan.
B)discrimination faced by the country's Muslim citizens.
C)peace agreement enacted in the country in 2005.
D)lack of a common vision and identity among Sudan's diverse groups.
63
As noted in "Sudan on the Cusp," the people of southern Sudan are the only Sudanese group that has experienced marginalization and discrimination in the country.
A)True
B)False
64
As noted in "A World without Nuclear Weapons Is a Joint Enterprise," on February 5, 2011, New START entered into force with the exchange of instruments of ratification between U.S. Secretary of State Hillary Rodham Clinton and Russian Foreign Minister:
A)Valentin Sobolev.
B)Vladimir Putin.
C)Sergey Lavrov.
D)Igor Ivanov.
65
As set forth in "A World without Nuclear Weapons Is a Joint Enterprise," all plans for new commercial enrichment facilities should be based on the presumption that the facilities will be owned multinationally and their operations safeguarded by the:
A)International Atomic Energy Agency.
B)Nuclear Suppliers Group.
C)Institute of Nuclear Materials Management.
D)Chemical Weapons Convention.
66
As identified in "A World without Nuclear Weapons Is a Joint Enterprise," the Conference on Disarmament (the UN forum for multilateral arms-control negotiations) is based in Vienna.
A)True
B)False
67
As brought up in "A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations," an expression coined by Gareth Evans, former Australian foreign minister and one-time president of the International Crisis Group, is:
A)"global responsibility."
B)"good international citizenship."
C)"the collective conscience."
D)"share-giving."
68
As observed in "A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations," while they got a bad name during the Iraq War, serious international politics always involves:
A)coalitions of the willing.
B)patrons of the oppressed.
C)risks and rewards.
D)compromise and cost.
69
As stated in "A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations," more adaptation has taken place in the UN system than critics acknowledge.
A)True
B)False
70
According to "Who's Afraid of the International Criminal Court?", the ICTR has inspired the widespread use in Rwanda, in dealing with hundreds of thousands of lower-level perpetrators, the traditional court system known as:
A)gacaca.
B)Kinyarwanda.
C)amakuru yawe.
D)imbabazi.
71
As identified in "Who's Afraid of the International Criminal Court?", Radovan Karadzic was the president of:
A)Republika Srpska.
B)Moja Republika.
C)the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina.
D)Banja Luka.
72
As observed in "Who's Afraid of the International Criminal Court?", the ICTY has not alleviated deep-seated animosities in Bosnia, but it can claim some credit for bringing a measure of reconciliation to Bosnia, Croatia, and Serbia.
A)True
B)False
73
As disclosed in "The Pink Hijab," when Dalia Ziada was organizing the first human-rights film festival in the Arab world, the Mubarak regime:
A)took all the credit.
B)pledged its support.
C)tried to block her.
D)was unaware.
74
As noted in "The Pink Hijab," at the second human-rights film festival, Dalia Ziada showed films such as Orange Revolution, about the 2004 uprising in:
A)Ukraine.
B)Egypt.
C)South Africa.
D)Sudan.
75
As observed in "The Pink Hijab," for many young women, the hijab is now about liberation, not confinement.
A)True
B)False
76
As cited in "Feminism by Treaty," the message that "Representatives from groups who have advocated for ratification over the years suggest that RUDs have little meaning and could potentially be removed from the treaty [CEDAW] at some point" was somewhat indiscreetly reported on August 31, 2009, on the website of the:
A)Christian Science Monitor.
B)National Organization for Women.
C)UN Division on the Advancement of Women.
D)magazine Ms.
77
As asserted in "Feminism by Treaty," what the egalitarian feminists from the 1970s now see in CEDAW is a second chance in another venue, and it is not for nothing that the Women's Treaty is sometimes called:
A)the New Lib.
B)an epilogue to the Mystique.
C)a global ERA.
D)the Second Tribune.
78
According to "Feminism by Treaty," the Obama State Department has notified the Senate that ratification of CEDAW is its top priority among the many human-rights treaties the United States is considering.
A)True
B)False
79
As stated in "The Persistence of Genocide," adopted by the World Summit (with the strong support of the Bush Administration) in 2005, was the UN's so-called:
A)Responsibility to Protect doctrine.
B)Partnership Program.
C)Rome Statute.
D)Gatekeepers Agreement.
80
As pointed out in "The Persistence of Genocide," the report of CONADEP, the Argentine truth commission set up in 1984 after the fall of the Galtieri dictatorship, was titled:
A)Luz Directora ("Guiding Light").
B)Verdad Absoluta ("Absolute Truth").
C)Nunca Mas ("Never Again").
D)Bastante Es Bastante ("Enough Is Enough").
81
As observed in "The Persistence of Genocide," human rights truly is a secular religion, as its critics and even some of its supporters have long claimed.
A)True
B)False
82
As pointed out in "The Global Financial System and the Challenges Ahead," stock markets have returned roughly to the levels they were at in the summer of:
A)2008
B)2001
C)1986
D)1964
83
As examined in "The Global Financial System and the Challenges Ahead," intensifying links between countries is one of the channels that binds not only economies, but also societies, and nowhere is this more evident than in the:
A)Pacific Rim.
B)Americas.
C)transatlantic arena.
D)former Soviet republics.
84
As assessed in "The Global Financial System and the Challenges Ahead," the process of reshaping the regulatory framework of the global financial system has taken almost two years, and it seems that the key building blocks are now falling into place.
A)True
B)False
85
As noted in "One for All, All for One: The Euro in Crisis," the original six signatories of the milestone Treaty of Rome in 1957 included all of the following except:
A)Germany.
B)Spain.
C)Luxembourg.
D)the Netherlands.
86
As mentioned in "One for All, All for One: The Euro in Crisis," among the cooperative initiatives to come out of the Marshall Plan following World War II was the notable creation of the:
A)Franco-American Investment Corporation.
B)European Coal and Steel Community.
C)International Business Association.
D)Transatlantic Communications Consortium.
87
According to "One for All, All for One: The Euro in Crisis," Italy saw its GDP shrink by a stunning eight percent a year between 1958 and 1963.
A)True
B)False
88
As identified in "Haiti: Testing the Limits of Government Aid and Philanthropy," Haiti's largest micro-lending institution is:
A)the Republic of NGO.
B)World Bank at Port-au-Prince.
C)InterAction.
D)Fonkoze.
89
As cited in "Haiti: Testing the Limits of Government Aid and Philanthropy," Jean Palerme Mathurin, an advisor to former Haitian prime minister Jean-Max Bellerive, recently charged that nongovernmental organizations have:
A)"decelerated" Haiti.
B)"hope-ified" Haiti.
C)"enthusified" Haiti.
D)"infantilized" Haiti.
90
As stated in "Haiti: Testing the Limits of Government Aid and Philanthropy," developed countries provide far more to the developing world through government aid than through private actors.
A)True
B)False
91
As identified in "A Climate Coalition of the Willing," the two countries that contribute more to climate change than any others are China and:
A)India.
B)Germany.
C)the United States.
D)the United Kingdom.
92
As mentioned in "A Climate Coalition of the Willing," the Catholic Climate Covenant asks individuals to reflect on their impact on the climate and to take actions to reduce their personal emissions by taking the:
A)St. Francis Pledge.
B)Blessed Mother Pledge.
C)Heaven on Earth Pledge.
D)Stewardship Pledge.
93
As suggested in "A Climate Coalition of the Willing," climate change is perhaps the toughest collective-action problem that society has ever faced.
A)True
B)False
94
According to "The Implications of Fukushima: The European Perspective," nuclear facilities are located in 15 of the European Union's states, and the total number of these facilities is currently:
A)36
B)71
C)152
D)409
95
As pointed out in "The Implications of Fukushima: The European Perspective," countries of the European Union without nuclear facilities (and which traditionally have strongly opposed nuclear development) include all of the following, except:
A)Denmark.
B)Finland.
C)Luxembourg.
D)Ireland.
96
As reported in "The Implications of Fukushima: The European Perspective," Poland has confirmed its decision to build its first nuclear power plants by the year 2020.
A)True
B)False
97
According to "The New Geopolitics of Food," the world's soaring food prices have contributed to
A)revolutions and upheaval in Africa and the Middle East.
B)a golden era of worldwide international cooperation.
C)a bountiful global grain economy.
D)the worldwide banning of "land grabs."
98
As reported in "The New Geopolitics of Food," the Middle East is the first geographic region whose population continues to grow as
A)water tables are rising.
B)water tables are falling.
C)grain production has peaked and begun to decline.
D)agricultural progress makes it easier to meet increased demand.
99
As noted in "The New Geopolitics of Food," soil erosion is a result of global warming.
A)True
B)False





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