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1
The prospects for stability in Asia are increased, as maintained in “Balancing the East, Upgrading the West,” if the United States can bring about a genuine reconciliation between China and:
A)Indonesia.
B)Taiwan.
C)Vietnam.
D)Japan.
2
According to “Balancing the East, Upgrading the West,” the model for Russian-Polish reconciliation should be that established after World War II between:
A)England and Ireland.
B)France and Germany.
C)the United States and Japan.
D)Italy and Spain.
3
Extending the West, as put forth in “Balancing the East, Upgrading the West,” will enhance the appeal of Western core principles to other cultures, eventually bringing about a universal democratic political culture.
A)True
B)False
4
As set forth in “The Future of the Liberal World Order,” if the architects of the postwar liberal order were alive to see today's system, they would think that their vision had:
A)gone terribly awry.
B)succeeded beyond their wildest dreams.
C)been achieved to their precise expectations.
D)yet to be fully realized.
5
As noted in “The Future of the Liberal World Order,” in 1815, post-Napoleonic France “was returned to the great-power club” through the settlement at:
A)Potsdam.
B)Vienna.
C)Paris.
D)Versailles.
6
As evaluated in “The Future of the Liberal World Order,” it is not simply an American-led order or a Western system that China and the other emerging powers must face.
A)True
B)False
7
The European system that dominated the world order prior to the rise of U.S. dominance, as put forth in “A World in Transition,” came to an end with:
A)the Cold War.
B)World War I.
C)the Industrial Revolution.
D)the American Revolution.
8
The Westphalian state system, as explained in “A World in Transition,” is most strongly upheld by:
A)industrialization.
B)military power.
C)research and innovation.
D)human-rights guarantees.
9
With the end of the Cold War, as mentioned in “A World in Transition,” U.S. leaders did not understand that a new global vision would be necessary.
A)True
B)False
10
According to “The Global Power Shift from West to East,” when great powers begin to experience erosion in their global standing, their leaders tend to react with:
A)aggression.
B)isolationism.
C)an expansion of soft power.
D)denial.
11
Given the relative loss of standing of the United States, as explained in “The Global Power Shift from West to East,” emerging powers feel emboldened to attempt reshaping the international system to reflect their own interests and values, which is particularly the case today for:
A)Brazil.
B)China.
C)Vietnam.
D)South Africa.
12
President Woodrow Wilson, as maintained in “The Global Power Shift from West to East,” involved the United States in World War I with the intention of using U.S. power to impose his vision of international order on both the Germans and the Allies.
A)True
B)False
13
The formation of CELAC, as described in “The Shifting Landscape of Latin American Regionalism,” is a clear example of the:
A)growing economic power of the region.
B)desire of the region to form close international ties apart from the American continent.
C)increased independence of the region with regard to the United States.
D)cultural ties between member states.
14
According to “The Shifting Landscape of Latin American Regionalism,” Brazil's approach to its neighbors has been shaped in large part by its:
A)international aspirations.
B)desire to stabilize its own internal tensions.
C)pursuit of closer ties to the United States.
D)economic ambitions.
15
A growing number of the Latin American regional organizations, as pointed out in “The Shifting Landscape of Latin American Regionalism,” have developed significant institutional solidity.
A)True
B)False
16
As reported in “The Arab Spring at One,” Egypt cannot build a successful modern Islamic order because it:
A)has too many rival Islamic sects.
B)does not really want to.
C)lacks the financial wherewithal.
D)has contentious neighbors.
17
As pointed out in “The Arab Spring at One,” the violence in Syria has been most pronounced in Homs because of its:
A)explosive demographics.
B)extreme wealth.
C)crushing poverty.
D)university.
18
As noted in “The Arab Spring at One,” Yemen is the quintessential failed state.
A)True
B)False
19
Prior to the ascension of the Muslim Brotherhood in Egyptian politics, as described in “Egypt's Elections,” the consensus among the Egyptian political class and Washington experts was that the Islamists were:
A)likely to win only local-level elections.
B)more interested in religion than worldly politics.
C)a scarecrow used by the previous regime to frighten the West.
D)dangerous amateurs.
20
One explanation for the success of the Islamists in Egypt that was actually a complaint in disguise, as put forth in “Egypt's Elections,” was that:
A)too much foreign money influenced the elections.
B)elections were held too soon.
C)the secular parties used overly complicated arguments in their favor.
D)Egyptians are overly devout.
21
The Muslim Brotherhood, as noted in “Egypt's Elections,” failed to support the initial popular uprising in Cairo that brought down the Mubarak regime.
A)True
B)False
22
The first confrontations in Syria that led to the present state of civil war, as reported in “Lines in the Sand,” were between regime security forces and:
A)student activists.
B)street gangs.
C)organized opposition militias.
D)peaceful unarmed protestors.
23
The Syrian regime, as explained in “Lines in the Sand,” has received supplies of arms from all of the following states except:
A)Saudi Arabia.
B)Russia.
C)Iran.
D)Venezuela.
24
The civil war now underway in Syria, as mentioned in “Lines in the Sand,” originally began as a trifling provincial conflict, but now has the potential to destabilize the entire Middle East.
A)True
B)False
25
In a first step towards liberalizing and democratizing Burma, as set forth in “The Burmese Spring,” the generals in charge of the civilian government released almost 700 political prisoners from all of the following groups except:
A)journalists.
B)artists.
C)monks.
D)activists.
26
According to “The Burmese Spring,” at one time Burma was the world's largest exporter of:
A)opium.
B)wheat.
C)spices.
D)rice.
27
Three quarters of the Burmese population, as noted in “The Burmese Spring,” has no electricity, which reflects Burma's lack of oil, gas, or hydropower resources.
A)True
B)False
28
Under the most optimistic scenario for the future of Nigeria, as presented in “Nigeria's Battle for Stability,” the country's most severe problem remains:
A)religious conflict.
B)conflicts among its neighbors.
C)a lack of natural resources.
D)the expansion of an Islamic terrorism group.
29
A less-positive view of Nigeria, as put forth in “Nigeria's Battle for Stability,” argues that Nigeria's fundamental problem is:
A)an uneducated populace.
B)high rates of drug use and addiction.
C)a system of institutional corruption.
D)an unwillingness to participate in international organizations.
30
According to “Nigeria's Battle for Stability,” under either an optimistic or pessimistic view of Nigeria, it is agreed that the elections that brought Goodluck Jonathan to the presidency were highly corrupt.
A)True
B)False
31
The outrage over the presidential elections in Russia, as explained in “Fascistoid Russia,” first gained momentum with the announcement that:
A)there would be no international observers.
B)term limits would be set aside.
C)President Medvedev and Prime Minister Putin would swap places.
D)protest groups would be stifled.
32
According to “Fascistoid Russia,” Russia today differs from traditional authoritarian states in that the:
A)military has very little power.
B)authoritarian leader is very charismatic and popular.
C)populace is generally well-educated.
D)country has an outward-looking mindset.
33
As reported in “Fascistoid Russia,” it is generally agreed that the most recent Russian elections were largely fraudulent.
A)True
B)False
34
When Kim Jong-un was elevated to supreme leader of North Korea, as reported in “Korea's Third Kim,” some optimists hoped for an opening of the country because he:
A)had experienced hardships in the countryside personally.
B)had ties to family in the south.
C)received an education in Switzerland.
D)often spoke out against the regime prior to his elevation.
35
According to “Korea's Third Kim,” the main pillar of support for the new regime will come from:
A)students.
B)peasants.
C)teachers and other professionals.
D)the military.
36
Because the people of North Korea are entirely disillusioned by the performance of the previous government, as put forth in “Korea's Third Kim,” Kim Jong-un has little reason to perpetuate the system put in place by his father and grandfather.
A)True
B)False
37
The Chinese, as explained in “The Future of United States-Chinese Relations,” see the United States as:
A)a potential client state.
B)militarily threatening.
C)disloyal.
D)determined to thwart any potential rival.
38
The strategy of containment used against the Soviet Union by the United States, as maintained in “The Future of United States-Chinese Relations,” cannot be applied to the current situation with China because the:
A)spread of communications technologies has resulted in greater cultural understandings among the publics in both countries.
B)Soviet economy was weak and did not impact the global economy.
C)Chinese were able to closely watch how the containment policies played out and assess their strengths and weaknesses.
D)United States lacks the political authority to impose containment policies worldwide.
39
Contemporary China, as noted in “The Future of United States-Chinese Relations,” is a principal trading partner of all of its neighbors and most of the Western industrial powers, including the United States.
A)True
B)False
40
The Obama Administration, as set forth in “Decline of Western Realism,” based its entire rationale for the military action against Libya on:
A)Libya's past history of state-sponsored terrorism.
B)the country's vast oil reserves.
C)its corrupt leadership.
D)Muammar el-Qaddafi's treatment of his population.
41
According to “Decline of Western Realism,” U.S. leaders like Ronald Reagan concluded that the best way to promote democracy in the Middle East was to:
A)unequivocally support all of Israel's actions.
B)secretly empower student groups and other dissidents.
C)prevent countries from becoming communist or Islamist.
D)gently encourage leaders to adopt reforms.
42
For years prior to the Libyan uprising, as mentioned in “Decline of Western Realism,” the United States considered the Libyan government of Muammar el-Qaddafi a well-entrenched enemy.
A)True
B)False
43
According to “An Asian Security Standoff,” the United States has been weakened internationally by all of the following except:
A)10 years of war.
B)an overburdened welfare state.
C)a gridlocked political system.
D)lingering effects of the global financial crisis.
44
Of greatest concern to the United States in East Asia, as put forth in “An Asian Security Standoff,” is China's determination to:
A)ignore international environmental regulations.
B)engage in trade wars.
C)aggressively defend its claims to disputed islands and other resources in the East and South China seas.
D)enlarge and modernize its military, most particularly its navy.
45
There was never a period, as pointed out in “An Asian Security Standoff,” when the United States was able to do as it pleased without worrying about peer competition or balancing coalitions.
A)True
B)False
46
A nuclear-armed Iran, as maintained in “Why Iran Should Get the Bomb,” would likely have the ultimate result of:
A)stabilizing the region.
B)restoring peace between Iran and Iraq.
C)lead to greater diplomatic sophistication from Iran.
D)ruining the Iranian economy.
47
According to “Why Iran Should Get the Bomb,” an example of a country that maintains a vast civilian nuclear infrastructure and could likely build a bomb quickly if it had the desire to is:
A)Italy.
B)Germany.
C)Brazil.
D)Japan.
48
Israel, as reported in “Why Iran Should Get the Bomb,” has stated that it views a significant Iranian nuclear enrichment capability alone as an unacceptable threat.
A)True
B)False
49
In a recent speech, as reported in “Talking Tough to Pakistan,” Admiral Mike Mullen, then chairman of the U.S. Joint Chiefs of Staff, criticized Pakistan for:
A)continuing its belligerent stance towards India.
B)the corruption of its top military officials.
C)allowing extremist organizations to act as proxies for the government in attacking troops and civilians in Afghanistan.
D)selling nuclear materials to identified rogue states, including North Korea and Iran.
50
For decades, as described in “Talking Tough to Pakistan,” the United States has attempted to encourage Pakistani cooperation in the war on terror with:
A)favorable trade policies.
B)foreign aid.
C)official state visits.
D)a cooling of the U.S. relationship with India.
51
In the days after Admiral Mullen's speech arguing that the Pakistani government should be treated as hostile, as presented in “Talking Tough to Pakistan,” military officials devoted their pronouncements to reinforcing and maintaining Mullen's claims.
A)True
B)False
52
The current U.S. and NATO strategy in Afghanistan, as described in “Leaving Afghanistan to the Afghans,” has worked because it has matched the coalition's goals with:
A)the desires of the Afghans.
B)available resources.
C)a firm end date for the intervention.
D)the abilities of local security forces.
53
At a minimum, as maintained in “Leaving Afghanistan to the Afghans,” prior to their departure, coalition forces must ensure that:
A)Afghans are safe enough to lead basically normal lives.
B)fair elections are once again held for the parliament.
C)basic women's rights are guaranteed.
D)the rule of law is respected.
54
Although the United States and its coalition partners still face many challenges in Afghanistan, as noted in “Leaving Afghanistan to the Afghans,” there have been indisputable gains wherever the coalition has focused its efforts.
A)True
B)False
55
As reported in “World Peace Could Be Closer Than You Think,” research conducted by William Eckhardt found that the ratio of military to civilian war deaths:
A)has always been impossible to determine.
B)cannot be determined in civil-war situations.
C)remains largely unchanged from previous centuries.
D)has changed dramatically since the September 11, 2001, terrorist attacks.
56
As noted in “World Peace Could Be Closer Than You Think,” regarding correlations between peace and democracy, the author suggests that:
A)democracies fight fewer wars.
B)selfish autocrats are the ones who start most of the wars.
C)Egypt was more hostile to Israel when it was ruled by authoritarian government than now.
D)democracy can heighten conflict by amplifying ethnic and nationalist forces.
57
As pointed out in “World Peace Could Be Closer Than You Think,” more U.S. soldiers have died in Afghanistan than did in Vietnam.
A)True
B)False
58
The countries participating in negotiations over the Arms Trade Treaty (ATT), as described in “Arms Trade Treaty Talks Set to Begin,” will base their talks on a working paper submitted by a participant from:
A)the United States.
B)Germany.
C)Russia.
D)Argentina.
59
With regard to the Arms Trade Treaty, the United States, as reported in “Arms Trade Treaty Talks Set to Begin,” is opposed to the inclusion of:
A)an international monitoring component.
B)ammunition.
C)naval armaments.
D)armored vehicles.
60
As noted in “Arms Trade Treaty Talks Set to Begin,” a recent Oxfam report supports the effectiveness of multilateral arms embargoes in halting arms and ammunition transfers to states operating under sanctions.
A)True
B)False
61
Prior to the heavy use of drone military strikes, as maintained in “The Obama Doctrine,” President Obama's military strategy was characterized by all of the following except:
A)transparency.
B)multilateralism.
C)budget restrictions.
D)a narrow focus.
62
To a far greater extent than the Bush White House, as reported in “The Obama Doctrine,” President Obama and his top aides have relied on the CIA for its analysis of:
A)Yemen.
B)Libya.
C)Afghanistan.
D)Pakistan.
63
In his first inaugural address, as noted in “The Obama Doctrine,” President Obama made little reference to terror and terrorism.
A)True
B)False
64
As brought up in “A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations,” an expression coined by Gareth Evans, former Australian foreign minister and one-time president of the International Crisis Group, is:
A)“global responsibility.”
B)“good international citizenship.”
C)“the collective conscience.”
D)“share-giving.”
65
As observed in “A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations,” while they got a bad name during the Iraq War, serious international politics always involves:
A)coalitions of the willing.
B)patrons of the oppressed.
C)risks and rewards.
D)compromise and cost.
66
As stated in “A Pipe Dream?: Reforming the United Nations,” more adaptation has taken place in the UN system than critics acknowledge.
A)True
B)False
67
At the International Criminal Tribunal, as described in “General Mladic in the Hague,” Ratko Mladic responded to the accusations against him with the declaration that:
A)the United States is behind his persecution.
B)the Tribunal has captured the wrong man.
C)he is deeply remorseful for his actions.
D)he and his people were not the ones to start the war.
68
General Ratko Mladic, as presented in “General Mladic in the Hague,” is accused of all of the following crimes except:
A)genocide.
B)blasphemy.
C)hostage-taking.
D)persecution.
69
Mladic's alleged crimes, as maintained in “General Mladic in the Hague,” represent the greatest evil that has been perpetrated in Europe since World War II.
A)True
B)False
70
The tight security surrounding Turkey's Reyhanli refugee camp loosened slightly, as reported in “Taking Refuge,” because:
A)foreign journalists were allowed to move around freely for the first time.
B)there were few new arrivals.
C)large shipments of medical and other necessary supplies were starting to arrive.
D)many of the Syrian refugees were moving to a new camp farther north.
71
According to “Taking Refuge,” Turkey's most important action with regard to the crisis in Syria has been to:
A)coordinate foreign aid for refugees and remaining citizens.
B)extend support to the exiled Syrian opposition.
C)provide medical care for injured rebel fighters.
D)cut diplomatic ties with Syria.
72
So far, as noted in “Taking Refuge,” Turkey has refused to accept significant help from international aid organizations and the United Nations for its refugee efforts.
A)True
B)False
73
According to “Gender Equality and Sustainable Development,” addressing gender equality along with environmental and economic issues is the most effective approach to:
A)ensuring worldwide justice.
B)ending internal conflicts.
C)meeting sustainable development goals.
D)increasing the prosperity of all citizens.
74
Agricultural priorities, as related in “Gender Equality and Sustainable Development,” include all of the following concerns for women except:
A)land rights.
B)speculation.
C)extension services.
D)inheritance.
75
In response to limitations on funding for spectacular meetings like the 1991 Conference on World Women's Congress, as presented in “Gender Equality and Sustainable Development,” women's groups all over the world have quickly embraced new technologies to spread information.
A)True
B)False
76
The global recession of 2009, as explained in “Tracking the Global Recovery,” was triggered by a financial-market crisis caused by:
A)interest-rate collapses.
B)bond-market failures.
C)the collapse of investment-banking firm Lehman Brothers.
D)fraud allegations brought against investment firm Bear Sterns.
77
The robust recovery from the global recession generally seen in emerging economies, as noted in “Tracking the Global Recovery,” has so far not been seen in the emerging economies of:
A)Europe.
B)Asia.
C)Latin America.
D)North Africa.
78
Each of the four global recessions seen since World War II, as stated in “Tracking the Global Recovery,” has led to fears of economic apocalypse, but each time the recovery was achieved within a year or two.
A)True
B)False
79
Europe's Exchange Rate Mechanism, the precursor to today's Euro, as described in “Europe's Optional Catastrophe,” collapsed under the pressure of:
A)high inflation.
B)falling interest rates.
C)stagnant wages.
D)attacks from hedge funds.
80
Prior to World War I, as explained in “Europe's Optional Catastrophe,” central banks could not print money in unlimited quantities in response to economic crises because they:
A)would set off spirals of crises in neighboring countries.
B)lacked credible, global institutions.
C)were tied to the gold standard.
D)were given little autonomous power by their governments.
81
While the U.S. government passed the Troubled Asset Relief Program (TARP) legislation in response to the global recession, as pointed out in “Europe's Optional Catastrophe,” political leadership in Europe took no steps to create a comparable solution.
A)True
B)False
82
In China, as explained in “The Middling Kingdom,” the global economic crisis was primarily felt in the:
A)weakening of the currency.
B)rapid inflation faced by the energy sector.
C)collapse of exports.
D)default on government-held debt.
83
Current forecasts for China's continued rapid economic growth, as maintained in “The Middling Kingdom,” are doubtful because they:
A)include only the coming year.
B)extend into decades-long predictions.
C)do not account for the rise of other poor Asian nations.
D)do not account for the negative response of the United States.
84
Economic models, as noted in “The Middling Kingdom,” tend to downplay the fact that as countries grow, economic growth becomes harder.
A)True
B)False
85
The Lomonosov ridge under the North Pole, as reported in “Too Much to Fight Over,” is claimed by all of the following countries except:
A)Russia.
B)Canada.
C)Denmark.
D)Norway.
86
For Greenland, as explained in “Too Much to Fight Over,” the biggest promise of the development of the Arctic is:
A)political independence from Denmark.
B)full-employment opportunities.
C)increased international political standing.
D)energy independence.
87
The risks of Arctic conflict, as noted in “Too Much to Fight Over,” have been largely under-recognized and under-reported.
A)True
B)False
88
The greatest misconception that people in the United States have about the oil business, as put forth in “The Folly of Energy Independence,” is that:
A)most oil reserves are nearly depleted.
B)oil companies are almost all owned by governments.
C)exporters can determine the destination of their oil for political or commercial purposes.
D)prices rise and fall on a random basis.
89
In the mid-1970s, as explained in “The Folly of Energy Independence,” long gas lines and price hikes in the United States were primarily the result of:
A)panicked consumer behavior.
B)the opportunism of speculators.
C)disruptions in the supply chain.
D)inefficient fuel usage.
90
Although the United States could transform its energy policy to greatly enhance its economic prospects, as pointed out in “The Folly of Energy Independence,” it would require a modest period of sacrifice and discipline on the part of consumers.
A)True
B)False
91
As maintained in “Lights Out in India,” the greatest vulnerability of the Asian economic miracle is that it is:
A)too dependent on foreign capital.
B)fundamentally underpowered.
C)characterized by government corruption, not personal initiative.
D)marked by workforce lack of education.
92
As noted in “Lights Out in India,” India's electricity grid:
A)depends on hydroelectric power.
B)is the showpiece for Asia.
C)can handle present demands but needs foreign aid to meet future demands.
D)has missed every capacity-addition target since the 1950s.
93
As related in “Lights Out in India,” the 2012 power interruption in India affected less than 10 percent of the population, or about 110 million people.
A)True
B)False
94
World population, as presented in “Population 7 Billion,” has not fallen since the:
A)European discovery of the Americas.
B)Black Plague.
C)invention of antibiotics.
D)World War II.
95
The fertility decline now seen throughout the world, as reported in “Population 7 Billion,” first began in:
A)China.
B)India.
C)Brazil.
D)France.
96
Prior to the twentieth century, as cited in “Population 7 Billion,” no human had lived through a doubling of the human population, but there are people today who have seen it triple.
A)True
B)False





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