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Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology, 9/e

David Shier, Washtenaw Community College
Ricki Lewis, The University at Albany
Jackie Butler, Grayson County Community College

Endocrine System

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions


1	Choose the statement about steroid hormones that is incorrect.
		A)	Steroids are lipids with complex ring structures.
		B)	Steroids can pass through their target cell membrane and interact with receptors in the nucleus.
		C)	Steroids employ first and second messengers that amplify the cellular response.
		D)	The estrogens and testosterone are examples of steroid hormones.


2	Prostaglandins are ___________ substances that regulate neighboring cells.
		A)	endocrine
		B)	paracrine
		C)	eccrine
		D)	glycoprotein


3	Cyclic AMP functions as a(n) _______________ for _______________ hormones.
		A)	binding site; nonsteroid
		B)	membrane receptor; steroid
		C)	activity site; G protein
		D)	second messenger; nonsteroid


4	Which of these is not a method the body uses to regulate its hormonal releases?
		A)	negative feedback
		B)	direct nervous stimulation
		C)	release of tropic hormones
		D)	degradation of the endocrine gland


5	Where are the posterior pituitary hormones manufactured?
		A)	in neurosecretory cells that originate in the hypothalamus
		B)	in the posterior pituitary
		C)	in the anterior pituitary
		D)	in the brain stem


6	There are several types of cells in the anterior pituitary. Which ones secrete growth hormone?
		A)	mammatropes
		B)	gonadotropes
		C)	corticotropes
		D)	somatotropes


7	Which one of these anterior pituitary hormones shows increased secretion in response to stress?
		A)	thyroid-stimulating hormone
		B)	adrenocorticotropic hormone
		C)	luteinizing hormone
		D)	prolactin


8	Drinking alcoholic beverages on hot days is not safe because alcohol inhibits the release of ____________ which normally helps to conserve water during dehydration.
		A)	antidiuretic hormone
		B)	oxytocin
		C)	thyroxine
		D)	triiodothyronine


9	The thyroid hormones are responsible for regulating metabolic rate and calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood. Which thyroid hormone lowers calcium and phosphate ion concentration in the blood?
		A)	thyroxine
		B)	triiodothyronine
		C)	calcitonin
		D)	thyroid-stimulating hormone


10	Hypothyroidism in infants can result in _______________.
		A)	Grave's disease
		B)	cretinism
		C)	Hashimoto's disease
		D)	myxedema


11	The hormone _______________, which is secreted by the adrenal _______________, causes the kidney to conserve sodium and excrete potassium ions and indirectly helps to maintain systemic blood pressure.
		A)	aldosterone; cortex
		B)	angiotensin I; medulla
		C)	cortisol; cortex
		D)	epinephrine; medulla


12	Sex hormones are secreted by ________________.
		A)	all endocrine tissues of the body
		B)	the inner cortex of the adrenal medulla
		C)	the inner cortex of the adrenal medulla and the gonads
		D)	the gonads


13	In the pancreas, ______________ cells secrete insulin, which ____________ blood levels of glucose.
		A)	delta; raises
		B)	alpha; lowers
		C)	beta; raises
		D)	beta; lowers


14	What seems to be the cause of juvenile-onset or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM)?
		A)	The receptors on the target cells become no longer responsive to insulin.
		B)	Immune cells attack the pancreas that can then no longer produce insulin.
		C)	The individual consumes too much sugar, which causes an overload in the bloodstream.
		D)	Obesity seems to be the most common cause of IDDM.


15	The endocrine gland responsible for the body's circadian rhythm is the ______________ gland.
		A)	thymus
		B)	pineal
		C)	parathyroid
		D)	pituitary


16	Which of these is not an endocrine property?
		A)	hormones reach targets through the blood
		B)	effects are slow and cyclic
		C)	rapid acting effects
		D)	effects caused by chemicals


17	Which of these does not belong with the others?
		A)	protein
		B)	peptide
		C)	amino acid
		D)	steroid


18	In the "second messenger" theory, which is the first messenger?
		A)	cAMP
		B)	hormone
		C)	enzyme
		D)	receptor


19	Which of these is not an endocrine gland?
		A)	pancreas
		B)	testes
		C)	salivary gland
		D)	parathyroid


20	Which is not a function of the hypothalamus?
		A)	affect heart rate
		B)	control temperature
		C)	affect water balance
		D)	secrete FSH


21	Which of these hormones is made by the posterior pituitary?
		A)	FSH
		B)	LH
		C)	ACTH
		D)	ADH


22	Which hormone directly affects blood pressure?
		A)	ADH
		B)	insulin
		C)	PTH
		D)	ACTH


23	The hormone _____ causes the contractions of labor.
		A)	prolactin
		B)	estrogen
		C)	oxytocin
		D)	progesterone


24	Which hormone has the greatest influence on the ability to secrete milk?
		A)	oxytocin
		B)	estrogen
		C)	prolactin
		D)	progesterone


25	Which hormone causes excessive skeletal growth or giantism?
		A)	somatotropin
		B)	testosterone
		C)	insulin
		D)	somatostatin


26	Which of these does not directly stimulate the gonads?
		A)	FSH
		B)	TSH
		C)	LH
		D)	ICSH


27	Which hormone has the greatest effect on metabolism?
		A)	GH
		B)	thyroxine
		C)	TSH
		D)	ACTH

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