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Book cover image
Hole's Human Anatomy & Physiology, 9/e
David Shier, Washtenaw Community College
Ricki Lewis, The University at Albany
Jackie Butler, Grayson County Community College

Skeletal System

Multiple Choice Quiz

Please answer all questions



1

The bones of the upper arm are classified as _____ bones.
A)short
B)long
C)irregular
D)flat
2

The patella is classified as a/an _____ bone by some anatomists.
A)short
B)flat
C)sesamoid
D)irregular
3

The long shaft of a bone such as the femur is called its ______.
A)epiphysis
B)epiphyseal plate
C)periosteum
D)diaphysis
4

The _____ allows a bone to increase its diameter during periods of growth.
A)diaphysis
B)periosteum
C)endosteum
D)epiphysis
5

The articular ends of long bones are comprised of _____ tissue.
A)hyaline cartilage
B)fibrous
C)hematopoietic
D)bone
6

Spongy bone is also referred to as _____ bone.
A)cancellous
B)compact
C)cortical
D)fibrous
7

The area of a bone that produces most of the hematopoietic tissue is the _____.
A)periosteum
B)medullary cavity
C)process
D)endosteum
8

The center of each osteon contains the _____.
A)osteoblasts
B)Volkmann canal
C)Haversian canal
D)lacunae
9

Osteons have a _____, which provides a means of communication between them.
A)blood vessel
B)osteonic canal
C)Volkmann canal
D)canaliculi network
10

Which of these developed by intramembranous ossification?
A)femur
B)frontal bone
C)ulna
D)radius
11

During osteogenesis, which of the following cells would appear first?
A)fibroblast
B)osteocyte
C)osteoblast
D)osteoclast
12

Which of these is the most differentiated and oldest?
A)fibroblast
B)osteoblast
C)osteocyte
D)chondroblast
13

Which bone developed by endochondral ossification?
A)tibia
B)parietal
C)occipital
D)temporal
14

The _____ represents an area for growth in the length of a long bone.
A)diaphysis
B)epiphysis
C)epiphyseal disk
D)periosteum
15

The _____ contain enzymes capable of breaking down the calcium matrix of bone tissue.
A)osteoblasts
B)osteoclasts
C)fibroblasts
D)osteogenic cells
16

When does ossification begin in a developing fetus?
A)6th month
B)30th day
C)3rd month
D)4th month
17

When do secondary ossification centers appear in the epiphyses?
A)sixth month fetus
B)birth to five years
C)three year old
D)eighth fetal month
18

When do the bones of the sternum become completely ossified?
A)5 years
B)12 years
C)20 years
D)25 years
19

Most cases of bone cancer probably involve an increase in the activity of the _____ cells.
A)osteoblast
B)osteocyte
C)osteoclast
D)fibroblast
20

During remodeling, about _____% of bone calcium is exchanged each year.
A)1
B)4
C)10
D)0.5
21

The main factor which facilitates the movement of calcium through a cell membrane is _____.
A)growth hormone
B)the amount of calcium
C)osmotic pressure
D)vitamin D
22

Vitamin D deficiency in an adult causes the condition known as _____.
A)rickets
B)osteoporosis
C)osteomalacia
D)giantism
23

The most important vitamin required for proper bone resorption and modeling is _____.
A)A
B)B12
C)C
D)D
24

Vitamin _____ is required to produce the organic matrix that allows bones to be pliable or hold teeth in their sockets.
A)A
B)B
C)C
D)D
25

An excess of pituitary growth hormone will result in a condition of _____ if first noted in an adult.
A)dwarfism
B)acromegaly
C)giantism
D)osteoporosis
26

A deficiency of _____ hormone could result in reduced physical size as well as mental retardation.
A)growth
B)thyroid
C)pituitary
D)parathyroid
27

The _____ hormones have an effect of increasing bone and muscle mass, especially evident at puberty.
A)growth
B)thyroid
C)sex
D)adrenal
28

An increase in the mass of bone tissue caused by physical stress is termed bone _____.
A)hypertrophy
B)osteomalacia
C)atrophy
D)cancer
29

A _____ fracture occurs when the broken bone is exposed to the outside by an opening in the skin.
A)pathologic
B)simple
C)traumatic
D)compound
30

Which is the first to occur following a bone fracture?
A)migration of fibroblasts
B)formation of a hematoma
C)osteoblast proliferation
D)development of granulation tissue
31

The callus that forms around a bone fracture is comprised of _____ tissue.
A)bone
B)hyaline cartilage
C)fibrocartilage
D)granulation
32

What is the final stage of healing following a fracture?
A)osteoclast remodeling
B)formation of granulation tissue
C)formation of the callus
D)osteoblast deposition
33

A forceps is an example of a _____ lever arrangement.
A)first-class
B)second-class
C)third-class
D)fulcrum
34

When the arm is straightened at the elbow, the bones and muscles are acting as a _____ lever.
A)first-class
B)misaligned
C)second-class
D)third-class
35

The origin of blood cells is the _____.
A)bone marrow
B)yolk sac
C)spleen
D)liver
36

Which of the following produce erythrocytes in an adult?
A)spleen
B)liver
C)sternum
D)lymph nodes
37

The color of the red bone marrow is mainly the result of _____.
A)blood
B)hemoglobin
C)fat tissue
D)iron
38

Which type of bone is the primary source of red marrow in an adult?
A)irregular
B)long
C)short
D)flat
39

The most prevalent salt in bone matrix is _____.
A)calcium
B)hydroxyapatite
C)phosphate
D)sodium chloride
40

Which of the following require calcium for normal functioning the least?
A)bone matrix
B)nerve tissue
C)muscles
D)blood clotting
41

Which of the following is not a main factor in the development of osteoporosis?
A)diet deficient in calcium
B)lack of exercise
C)normal aging
D)hormone deficiencies
42

Bone salts comprise ____% of the bone by weight.
A)10
B)50
C)70
D)98
43

There are a total of _____ bones in the entire skeleton.
A)200
B)80
C)126
D)206
44

Which of the following is an axial bone?
A)femur
B)vertebra
C)ilium
D)tibia
45

Which of the following is an appendicular bone?
A)frontal
B)ethmoid
C)ulna
D)sacrum
46

Which bone has no direct bony articulation with the skeleton?
A)hyoid
B)manubrium
C)patella
D)phalange
47

The _____ bone supports the lower jaw structures such as the tongue.
A)mandible
B)temporal
C)maxilla
D)hyoid
48

The pectoral girdle is comprised of the clavicle and _____.
A)ribs
B)ulna
C)scapula
D)os coxa
49

The following are terms related to the pelvic girdle except which one?
A)os coxa
B)innominate
C)sacrum
D)ilium
50

Which of the following does not belong with the rest?
A)sacrum
B)coccyx
C)femur
D)os coxa
51

The term for finger bones is _____.
A)carpal
B)phalange
C)metacarpal
D)tarsal
52

How many phalanges are there in the body?
A)14
B)28
C)56
D)7
53

The coronal suture separates the _____ from parietal bones.
A)frontal
B)temporal
C)occipital
D)ethmoid
54

Which of the following is not a bone process?
A)trochanter
B)tubercle
C)tuberosity
D)fossa
55

What is the largest foramen in the body?
A)foramen magnum
B)optic foramen
C)obturator
D)mandibular
56

The cheekbone is called the _____ primarily.
A)mandible
B)zygomatic
C)maxilla
D)orbit
57

Which of the following is not a cranial bone?
A)frontal
B)lacrimal
C)sphenoid
D)ethmoid
58

Which of the following does not contain a sinus?
A)ethmoid
B)sphenoid
C)frontal
D)occipital
59

There are _____ bones that make up the cranium.
A)6
B)7
C)8
D)9
60

What is the significance of the supraorbital foramen?
A)attachment of muscles
B)passage of blood vessels
C)contain the eye
D)is a bone articulation
61

The _____ suture separates the occipital from parietal bones.
A)lambdoidal
B)coronal
C)sagittal
D)squamous
62

Which bone contains the ear structures?
A)parietal
B)maxillary
C)temporal
D)sphenoid
63

Which bone has the mandibular fossa?
A)mandible
B)maxilla
C)ethmoid
D)temporal
64

Which sinus, or air cell area, has the potential of having a very serious and painful inflammation that could spread to the brain?
A)sphenoid
B)mastoid
C)ethmoid
D)frontal
65

What is the location of the pituitary gland?
A)ethmoid sinuses
B)parietal bone
C)foramen magnum
D)sella turcica
66

Which bone has the crista galli projection?
A)ethmoid
B)sphenoid
C)frontal
D)maxilla
67

The nasal septum is comprised of the perpendicular plate of the ethmoid and the _____.
A)maxilla
B)vomer
C)nasal bone
D)lacrimal bone
68

The hard palate is made of the palatine and _____ bones.
A)mandible
B)ethmoid
C)sphenoid
D)maxilla
69

The _____ is the area that houses the teeth.
A)mandibular fossa
B)alveolar process
C)maxillary fossa
D)mental fossa
70

The spinal nerves will exit from the _____ foramina.
A)spinal
B)intervertebral
C)transverse
D)vertebral
71

What is found only on the cervical vertebrae?
A)spinous process
B)transverse process
C)transverse foramen
D)lamina
72

The first vertebra is called the _____.
A)axis
B)atlas
C)cervical
D)dens
73

The _____ can be felt during a vaginal examination and be used for obstetric measurements.
A)coccyx
B)sacroiliac symphysis
C)sacral promontory
D)sacral hiatus
74

A lateral deviation of the alignment of the vertebral column is called a _____.
A)kyphosis
B)lordosis
C)scoliosis
D)slipped disk
75

Which is the largest of the ankle bones?
A)cuboid
B)navicular
C)calcaneus
D)lateral cuneiform