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Environmental Science: A Global Concern, 7/e

William P. Cunningham, University of Minnesota
Mary Ann Cunningham, Vassar College
Barbara Woodworth Saigo, St. Cloud State University

Preserving Nature

Practice Quizzing


1	Setting aside nature preserves
		A)	has a long history, going back thousands of years.
		B)	first occurred in Europe two centuries ago.
		C)	was first done by President George Washington to atone for certain youthful misdeeds.
		D)	first happened in the American west at the time of the Civil War.


2	Purposes of parks include
		A)	providing sanctuary for wildlife.
		B)	protecting biodiversity.
		C)	providing sanctuary for the human spirit.
		D)	all of the above.


3	Problems besetting national parks include
		A)	lack of adequate funding.
		B)	overcrowding.
		C)	negative impact of developments on park boundaries.
		D)	all of the above.


4	Environmental threats to parks include
		A)	incompatible developments on privately owned lands within park boundaries.
		B)	air pollution.
		C)	potential mining operations within park boundaries.
		D)	all of the above.


5	The program to reintroduce wolves into Yellowstone National Park is
		A)	sought to re-establish natural predator controls on grazing animals within the park.
		B)	strongly opposed by neighboring ranching interests.
		C)	supported to produce a more natural ecosystem in the park.
		D)	characterized by all of the above.


6	Wolf reintroduction into Yellowstone was followed by
		A)	a sharp decrease in biodiversity.
		B)	lawsuits designed to reverse the policy.
		C)	a sharp drop in wolf numbers due to the animal's inability to adjust to the new circumstances.
		D)	all of the above.


7	New trends in park management include
		A)	increasing support facilities to enhance visitor recreation.
		B)	consideration of reducing the number of vehicles allowed into the park proper.
		C)	increasing alternative lodging options to appeal to a wider range of visitors.
		D)	all of the above.


8	Establishment of new national parks is
		A)	universally acclaimed as fulfilling an important national need.
		B)	sometimes strongly opposed by local people.
		C)	embraced, surprisingly, by mining interests.
		D)	characterized by all of the above.


9	Setting land aside as nature preserves is happening
		A)	only in the U.S.
		B)	only in North America.
		C)	in a wide variety of countries.
		D)	mostly in Europe.


10	Ecosystem types NOT well represented among parks and preserves include
		A)	tundra.
		B)	humid tropical forests.
		C)	aquatic systems.
		D)	deserts.


11	The World Conservation Strategy goals as developed by the IUCN include
		A)	maintenance of critical ecological processes.
		B)	preservation of genetic diversity.
		C)	requiring that utilization of species and ecosystems is done in a sustainable manner.
		D)	all of the above.


12	Wilderness is defined in the Wilderness Act as
		A)	any area containing plant cover not being actively used.
		B)	an area of undeveloped land having outstanding opportunities for solitude and primitive recreation.
		C)	any natural area possessing exceptional scenic beauty.
		D)	forest lands not used for commercial production of wood products.


13	An argument for preserving wilderness areas is that they provide
		A)	refuges for endangered wildlife.
		B)	places for natural systems to operate unhindered by human actions.
		C)	places to conduct baseline ecological research.
		D)	all of the above.


14	Ecological services provided by wetlands include
		A)	flood control.
		B)	provision of habitat for many species.
		C)	improvement of water quality.
		D)	all of the above.


15	Projects that indicate that the value of wetlands is being understood include
		A)	funding for restoration of wetlands.
		B)	the Florida Everglades rescue effort.
		C)	efforts of private organizations like Ducks Unlimited to restore floodplains.
		D)	all of the above.


16	An important park management question is whether the role of parks should be primarily to entertain visitors or to protect habitat and species diversity.
		A)	True
		B)	False


17	Lack of natural predators in some parks is causing excessive population increases of elk and buffalo which then can damage the environment.
		A)	True
		B)	False


18	Canadians have proposed increasing acreage of protected natural areas to encompass over 10 percent of their total land area.
		A)	True
		B)	False


19	A strong consensus has emerged that preserving numerous small areas is ecologically preferable to preserving fewer, larger areas.
		A)	True
		B)	False


20	There is a growing feeling that leaving nature areas alone and developing ecotourism is financially more beneficial than allowing mining or logging.
		A)	True
		B)	False


21	The Wilderness Act defines a wilderness as any undeveloped area of large size.
		A)	True
		B)	False


22	Activities allowed on over half of our national wildlife refuges are actually harmful to wildlife.
		A)	True
		B)	False


23	Hunting is not allowed on national wildlife refuges.
		A)	True
		B)	False


24	Wetlands serve as alternatives to costly systems of dikes and levees in reducing financial losses that accompany massive floods.
		A)	True
		B)	False


25	Less than half of the U.S. original wetlands remain.
		A)	True
		B)	False

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