Compare and contrast FM using crystal oscillator circuits with FM using varactors.
Explain the general principles of phase modulator circuits and list the basic techniques for achieving phase shift.
Calculate the total frequency deviation of an FM transmitter given the original oscillator frequency and the frequency multiplication factor.
Describe the operation of slope detectors, pulse-averaging discriminators, and quadrature detectors.
Draw a block diagram of a phase-locked loop (PLL), state what each component does, explain the operation of the circuit, and define the capture range and the lock range of a PLL.
Explain the operation of a PLL as a frequency demodulator.
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