Bayley Scales of Infant Development | An assessment of infant development that has a mental scale, a motor scale, and an infant behaviour profile
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Cephalocaudal pattern | The sequence in which the growth gradually proceeds from top to bottom
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Deferred imitation | Imitation that occurs after a time delay of hours or days
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Developmental quotient | An overall developmental score that combines subscores in motor, language, adaptive, and personal-social domains
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Dynamic systems theory | The new perspective on motor development in infancy that seeks to explain how motor behaviours are assembled for perceiving and acting
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Fine motor skills | Motor skills that involve more finely turned movements, such as finger dexterity
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Grasping reflex | A neonatal reflex in which the infant tightly grasps something touching the infant's palms
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Gross motor skills | Motor skills that involve large muscle activities, such as walking
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Habituation | Repeated presentation of the same stimulus, which causes reduced attention to the stimulus
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Infant-directed speech | Speech used by parents and other adults when they talk to babies
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Infinite generativity | An individuals ability to generate a seemingly endless number of meaningful sentences using a finite set of words and rules
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Intermodal perception | The ability to relate and integrate information about two or more sensory modalities
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Kwashiorkor | A condition caused by a deficiency in protein, in which the childs abdomen and feet become swollen with water
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Language | A system of symbols used to communicate with others
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Language acquisition device (LAD) | A biological endowment that enables the child to detect phonology, syntax, and semantics
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Lateralization | Specialization of functions in one hemisphere of the cerebral cortex or the other
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Marasmus | A wasting away of body tissues in the infant's first year, caused by protein-calorie deficiency
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Moro reflex | A neonatal startle response that occurs in reaction to a sudden, intense noise or movement
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Neuron | Nerve cell that handles information processing at the cellular level
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Object permanence | The Piagetian term for an infants understanding that objects and events continue to exist even when they cannot be seen
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Perception | The interpretation of what is sensed
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Proximodistal pattern | The sequence in which growth starts at the centre of the body and moves towards the extremities
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REM (rapid eye movement) sleep | A recurring sleep stage during which vivid dreams commonly occur
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Rooting reflex | When the infants cheek is stroked, the infant turns its head in an effort to find something to suck
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Scheme | In Piagets theory, a cognitive structure that helps individuals organize and understand their experiences
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Sensation | Occurs when information interacts with the sensory receptors
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Sucking reflex | A newborn automatically sucks an object placed in its mouth.
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Sudden infant death syndrome (SIDS) | A condition that occurs when an infant stops breathing and suddenly dies without apparent cause
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Telegraphic speech | The use of short and precise words to communicate, such as young childrens two-and three-word utterances
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