Anger cry | A cry similar to the basic cry, with more excess air forced through the vocal chords
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Attachment | A close emotional bond between an infant and a caregiver
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Basic cry | A rhythmic pattern consisting of a cry, a briefer silence, a sorter inspiratory whistle, and a brief rest before the next cry
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Deferred imitation | Imitation that occurs after a time delay of hours or days
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Difficult child | A child who tends to react negatively, who engages in irregular routines, and who is slow to accept new experiences
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Dishabituation | An infant's renewed interest in a stimulus
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Easy child | A child who is generally in a positive mood, who quickly establishes regular routines, and who adapts easily to new experiences
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Emotion | Feeling or affect that can involve physiological arousal, conscious experience, and behaviour
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Emotional regulation | Effectively managing arousal to adapt and reach a goal
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Holographic hypothesis | A single word can be used to imply a complete sentence
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Insecure avoidant babies | Babies who show insecurity by avoiding the mother
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Insecure disorganized babies | Babies who show insecurity by being disorganized and disoriented
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Insecure resistant babies | Babies who might cling to the caregiver, then resist by fighting against the closeness
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Language | A system of symbols used to communicate with others
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Maximally Discriminative Facial Movement Coding System (MAX) | Izards system of coding infants facial expressions related to emotions
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Pain cry | A sudden appearance of loud crying and a long initial cry followed by an extended period of breath holding
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Receptive vocabulary | The words an individual understands
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Reciprocal socialization | Children socialize parents just as parents socialize children
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Reflexive smile | A smile that does not occur in response to external stimuli
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Scaffolding | Parental behaviour that supports children's efforts and promotes skills
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Scheme | In Piaget's theory, a cognitive structure that helps individuals organize/understand experience
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Secondary circular reactions | Piaget's third substage of the sensorimotor stage; infant becomes more object-oriented
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Secure attachment | The infant uses the caregiver as a secure base from which to explore the environment
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Slow-to-warm-up child | A child who has a low activity level, is somewhat negative, shows low adaptability, and displays a low intensity of mood
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Social referencing | Reading emotional cues in others to help determine how to act in particular situation
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Social smile | A smile in response to an external stimulus, which typically is a face
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Strange Situation | An observational measure of infant attachment that requires the infant to move through a series of separations and reunions with the caregiver and an adult strange
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Stranger anxiety | An infant's fear and wariness of strangers
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Telegraphic speech | The use of short and precise words to communicate young children's utterances
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Temperament | An individual's behavioural style and characteristic way of emotional response
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